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Biology 323Human Anatomy for Biology MajorsLecture 16Dr. Stuart S. Sumida
Overview of Structure of the Adult Skull
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The developing skull has three component origins:
• Condrocranium (base of skull / braincase)
• Dermatocranium (flat bones of skull)
• Splanchnocranium (bones derived from gill arch elements)
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Mode of Germ Layer Formation Origin
Condrocranium Endochondral Mesoderm
Dermatocranium Dermal Neural Crest
Splanchnocranium Endochondral Neural Crest
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CHONDROCRANIUM: Bones of the base of the skull.
•Most major cranial nerves escape the skull through these.
•Endochondral• Mostly Mesodermal• Include: ethmoid, sphenoid (part), occipital (part) right and left temporal (parts).
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orbit II/
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Petrous temporal
Basioccipital
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Flat bones of skull: DERMATOCRANIUM (These and others.)
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Gill Pouch Bones: become SPLANCHNOCRANIUM
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This lecture will revolve around the early embryology of the vertebrate
skull. One of the landmark achievments in this was the
summary of that topic – based initially the developing embryonic
shark head – by Edwin S. Goodrich. Thus it has come to be known as the
“Goodrich Diagram”.
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From Studies on the structure and development of vertebrates by Edwin S. Goodrich, 1958.
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If you’re working with the PowerPoint files, save space in your notes to draw here.
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Mandible(Lower Jaw)
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Skull – Anterior View
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Frontal
Anterior
Inferior
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Ethmoid
superior lateral
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Bones of the Orbit
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Skull – Lateral View
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Maxilla: Lateral View
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Parietal
External
Internal
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External
Internal
Temporal
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Neonatal Temporal Bone
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Skull – Superior View
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Skull – Posterior View
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Occipital
Inferior
Internal
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Skull – Inferior View
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Hard Palate
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Infratemporal Region
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Skull – Internal View
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Sphenoid
Occipital
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Major Ligaments Near Jaw Joint
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Major Ligaments Near Jaw Joint:
Stylomandibular
Sphenomandibular
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Bones of the Basicranium
EthmoidSphenoidTemporalOccipital
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Ethmoid
superior lateral
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Sphenoid
Anterior
Posterior
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External
Internal
Temporal
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Neonatal Temporal Bone
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Sphenoid
Occipital
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Dermal Roofing Bones
NasalsFrontal
Parietals
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Frontal
Anterior
Inferior
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Parietal
External
Internal
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Dermal Facial Bones
MaxillaZygomaticLacrimal
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Maxilla: Lateral View
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Bones of the Orbit
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Dermal Palatal Bones
MaxillaPalatineVomer
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Hard Palate
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Bones of Splanchnopleure
Sphenoid Greater WingTemporal Styloid Process
Middle Ear Ossicles
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Sphenoid
Anterior
Posterior
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V1
V2
Sphenoid/ anterior view of orbital surface and foramina with associated cranial nerves indicated
IIIIV
VI Opthalmi
c v.
Opth. a.
Nerve of pterygoid canal ALSO
CALLED VIDIAN NERVE (VII
parasympathetics + sympathetics)
II
V3
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Neonatal Temporal Bone
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Middle Ear Ossicles
MalleusIncusStapes
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