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Bird Hazard and AnimalManagement at IGI Airport
Presented by :
Pankaj Mathur Executive – BASHM Team
Delhi International Airport
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The Menace
Presence of BIRDS & ANIMALS (including bats, reptiles & mammals) in theflight path of aircraft with the potential of causing damage to aircraft and/orinjuries to persons by striking the aircraft or being ingested into the engine(s).This is referred to as BASHM (Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard Management).
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White-rumped VulturePariah Kite
Soaring Scavenging Raptors
& Aerial Birds
Jungle Crow House Crow Spotted Dove
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Blue BullBlack-naped Hare Jackals
Snakes PorcupineMonitor Lizard
Reptiles, Mammals & Animals
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PK
FLOCKFLOCK OF PG
PARIAH KITE=PK
PIGEON =PG
CATTLE EGRET=CE
LAP WING=LW
CROW=CR
BAT=BT
OWL=OW
PEA COCK=PC
SMALL BIRD=SB
FLOCK OF PG
PK
FLOCK
PK
FLOCK
FLOCK LW
FLOCK LW
FLOCK LW
FLOCK LW
PK
FLOCK
PK
FLOCK
PK
FLOCK FLOCK
CRFLOCK
CR
PK
FLOCK
PKFLOCK
PKFLOCK
PK
FLOCK
PK
FLOCK
PK
FLOCK
FLOCK LW
BT 01-02
PC 6-8PC 6-8
CE FLOCK
CE FLOCK
CE FLOCK
CE FLOCKFLOCK SB
FLOCK SB
FLOCK SB
FLOCK SB
Bird affecting area on Airside
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Causes of Bird menace
• Vast areas inside the airport is an attraction for birds for feeding / restingas a lot of virtually undisturbed areas are available( baring Runways,
Taxiways and Aprons almost 60 to 75% of total area is undisturbed)
• Vegetation and insects are main attractions
• Availability of animal and poultry wastes within the buffer zone
Causes of Bird Menance
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General Attraction for
Birds & Animals
The Airport is viewed by animals and birds as a RESTINGPLACE because of the vastness, openness, and safety frompredators which can be seen from a distance.
It is also a FEEDING SITE & the runway is seen as a DINING
TABLE where food are available.
The Airport serves a PERFECT HABITAT for birds/animals andthey generally pay little heed to aircraft activity, as they do not feelthreatened by it. Thereby, increasing the chances of an incident oraccident.
The Airport however is not the MAIN FEEDING SITE except forinsects and swarms, which are attracted to Runway lights at theonset of Monsoon.
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Mitigation Measures at
IGI Airport
A dedicated BASHM team of Wildlife Controllers & BASHMInspectors work 24 x7.
Deployment of Bird chasers (84 nos).
Deployment of Sharp shooters (12 nos).
Engagement of Wildlife SOS (To Catch and relocate wild & feralanimals – 08 nos).
Engagement of Langoorwalas ( Monkey Scarer – 02 nos).
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Other Mitigation Measures
Habitat & Turf Management – Maintain grass below 6 inches.
Bird Proofing measures – Spikes etc.
Bird Scaring Methods
Covering the drains and low-lying areas.
Cover the bird attractive areas – Open meat shops, Illegal Slaughterhouses etc.
Stringent Laws – Rule 91 (Aircraft Rules, 1937)
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Area Confirmed Suspected Grand Total
Inside 14 15 29
Outside 5 10 15
Grand Total 19 25 44
Area CONFIRMED SUSPECTED
INSIDE 14 15LANDING - APPROACH 13 8
LANDING ROLL 1 1
TAKE OFF ROLL --- 6
Bird Strike Data
Jan’09 – Dec’09
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Bird / Animal Strike
Hazard Management
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Dedicated vehicles fitted with Radio telephony andScarecrow devices provided to BASHM Inspectors,which are used for continuous patrol of Runways &Taxiways.
LPG operated ZON Guns positioned at criticalspots. These guns frequently changed theirpositions / directions, so that birds do not getfamiliarized with their operating pattern.
Equipments at IGI Airport
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Bio – Acoustic Devices
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Improted Signal pistols, capable of producinghigh intensity light, sound and smoke.
Equipments at IGI Airport
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Laser Torches, which produce a green colored laserstick. This is very useful in low visibility conditionsand at Dawn & dusk.
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2709
10
11
28
29
2.8 Kms.
Perimeter Wall
Manpower Deployment
Bird Chaser
Sharp Shooter
Manpower Deployment
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Grass Control Operations
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Diesel Operated Machines
Grass Collection Machines
Grass Control Operations
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Scheduler is in practice for controlling the excessive growth of grass at the
airport.
Cycle is completed in four weeks period covering approx 800 acres of turfarea.
Grass cutting activities on runway strip during NOTAM
Trees / bushes around fencing / perimeter road are pruned at least once aweek.
Grass cutting equipment is sent to MT for regular maintenance and repairs
Regular training / briefing of operators to ensure safe , efficient and effectivecutting operations.
Grass Cutting Plan
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Apron Cleaning
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Cleaningequipment
Clingo400
Dulevo
200Quattro
Garbagetruck
AS-990
Apron Cleaning Equipment
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Indiscriminate dumping of animalgarbage inside the airport buffer zone
Presence of Wild Animals like Blue
Bulls and Jackals in the airfield
Illegal slaughtering and Open animal
garbage at Sanitary Landfill at
Ghazipur
Tall trees in take off and approach
funnel are an obstruction to aircraftflight & an attraction to birds (resting,
roosting & nesting).
Threats to Flight Safety
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Monkeys menace at Terminal buildings and AirlineHangars are a threat to passengers and employees
Stray Dogs entering Airside unchecked through various
entry gates.
Accessibility to water in open drains & water logginginside and outside the airport, is a major attraction to birdsand animals. Silt and muck in drains, add to water-loggingwoes inviting birds and animals to drink and bathe as wellas feed on aquatic fauna.
Threats to Safety
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METHODS
Visual, Acoustic, Combined visual-acoustic(pyrotechnics-Fire crackers),
Physical (harassment)
Chemical (repellents),
Capture & relocation of animals when required.
Strategic Control Measures
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PASSIVE METHODS
Denial of food & water
Resting, roosting, and nesting sites by exclusion/barrier (bird & animal-proofing)
Improving garbage discipline
Drainage system
Leveling & grading land to prevent water-logging during rains,
Maintaining low vegetation to reduce carrying capacity.
Strict compliance of Rule 91 of A/C Rules of 1937,
Aircraft Act of 1934 against dumping bird attractants in 10 km radius of AerodromeReference Point). Create awareness on bird and animal hazards.
Strategic Control Measures
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We have developed BASHM SOPs to help people manage BASHMactivities in a systematic manner. Following SOPs are in place.
1. Denying food & water for birds and animals on airside
2. Denying perching , roosting and nesting
3. Inspection of birds and animals on RWYs and TXYs
4. Preventing entry of animals on to airside
5. Scaring of birds and animals
6. Post bird / animal hit activities
Systems in Place
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Equipment Tried
12 Battery operated Scary-Man devicesdeployed close to Lift-off and Touch-downzones.
Scare Crow Premier 1500 : Vehicle mountingbio-acoustic bird dispersal system designed tocombat the nuisance, health hazard or birdstrike caused by a range of species.
Flutter Strips
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Meeting & Forums
INTERACTIVE METHODS
Set up a dedicated BASHM team,
Airport Environment Monitoring Committee (AEMC),
High Level Inter-ministerial Bird Strike Committee such as the NBCC toevolve and follow proper guidelines and regulations to safe aircraftoperation from an angle of Bird/Animal-Aircraft-Strike Prevention
Follow new ICAO Standards & Recommended Practices (SARPs)effective from November 2003 and IBSC best practices.
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Synergy
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Open Suggestions
Sonic Laser Animal ChaserPir sonic bird chaser
* Modern Techniques/ Aids such as above should be researched and explored
Open Suggestions
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Master
unit withcomputer
and sound
chips
Solar panel – no power or labor required
Installation (cont.)
Speaker cables underground Incoming aircraft – “bird free”
Airport Wailer
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SAN FRANCISCO AIRPORT
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Thank You