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Occupational Wage Survey

SAN FRANCISCO-OAKLAND, CALIFORNIAJANUARY 1956

BLS Bulletin No. 1188-7

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clagua, Commifsionar

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

84th Congress, 2d Session House Document No. 298

Occupational Wage Survey

SAN FRANCISCO-OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA

JANUARY 1956

Bulletin No. 1188-7

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Claguo, Commissioner

M arch 1956

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ContentsPage

Introduction ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1Wage trends fo r se le c ted occupational g ro u p s_____________________________________________________________ 3

T ab les :

1. E stablishm ents and w orkers within scope o f su r v e y ________________________________________ ____ 22. Indexes o f standard weekly sa laries fo r o ffice c le r ic a l and average stra igh t-tim e

hou rly earnings for se lected plant occupational groups, and p ercen t o f in crea sefo r se le c ted p e r io d s ______________________________________________________________________________ 3

A : O ccupational earnings * -A - l : O ffice occupations __________________________________________________________________________ 5A - 2: P ro fe ss io n a l and technical o ccu p a tio n s____________________________________________________ 8A - 3: M aintenance and powerplant o ccu p a tion s__________________________________________________ 9A -4 : Custodial and m ateria l m ovem ent occupations ___________________________________________ 10

B: E stablishm ent p ra ctices and supplem entary wage p rov ision s * -B - l : Shift d ifferentia l prov isions ________________________________________________________________ 12B -2 : M inim um entrance rates for wom en o ffice w orkers ____________________________________ 13B -3 : Scheduled weekly hours _____________________________________________________________________ 14B -4 : P aid h o lid a y s_________________________________________________________________________________ 14B -5 : P aid vacations _______________________________________________________________________ 15B -6 : Health, in surance, and pension p la n s______________________________________________________ 17

Appendix: Job d escrip tion s ________________________________________________________________________________ 19

* NOTE: S im ilar tabulations fo r m ost o f these item s are available in the San F ran cisco -O ak lan darea rep orts fo r January o f each year sin ce 1950. The 1954 rep ort a lso prov ides tabulations of wage stru ctu re ch a ra c te r is t ic s , labor-m anagem ent agreem en ts, and overtim e pay p rov is ion s . The 1955 rep ort a lso included data on frequency o f wage paym ents, and pay p rov is ion s fo r holidays falling on nonw orkdays. A d ire cto ry indicating date o f study and the p r ice o f the re p o rts , as w ell as rep orts fo r other m a jor a reas, is available upon request.

C urrent rep orts on occupational earnings and supplem entary wage p ra ctice s in the San F ran - c is co -O a k la n d a rea a re a lso available fo r m ach inery industries (D ecem ber 1955), pow er laundries and dry c lea n ers (July 1955), o ffice building se rv ice (June 1955), con tract cleaning se rv ice (July 1955), and hotels (July 1955). Union s ca le s , indicative o f prevailing pay le v e ls , are available fo r the fo llow ing trades or industries: Building con stru ction , printing, lo ca l-tra n s it operating em p lo y e e s , and m otortru ck d r iv ers .

i i iDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Occupational Wage Survey - San Francisco-Oakland, Calif. *

Introduction

The San F ra n cisco -O a k la n d area is one of severa l im portant industria l cen ters in which the Department of L a b or1 s Bureau o f L abor S tatistics conducted su rveys o f occupational earnings and r e lated wage ben efits . In each a rea , data are obtained by personal v isits o f Bureau fie ld agents to representative establishm ents within s ix b road industry d iv is ion s: M anufacturing; transportation (excludingra ilro a d s ), com m unication , and other public u tilities; w holesale trade; reta il trade; finan ce , in su ran ce , and real estate; and s e rv ice s . M ajor industry groups excluded fro m these studies, besides ra ilroa d s , are governm ent operations and the construction and extractive in dustries . E stablishm ents having few er than a p rescr ib ed number of w orkers are om itted a lso becau se they furnish insufficient em ploym ent in the o c cupations studied to w arrant in c lu s io n .1 W herever p oss ib le , separate tabulations are prov ided fo r each o f the broad industry d iv is ion s.

These surveys are conducted on a sam ple basis because of the u nn ecessary cos t involved in surveying all establishm ents, and to insure prom pt publication o f re su lts . To obtain appropriate accu racy at m in im um c o s t , a grea ter p rop ortion o f large than o f sm all establishm ents is studied. In com bining the data, how ever, all establishm ents are given their appropriate w eight. E stim ates based on the establishm ents studied are presen ted , th e re fo re , as relating to all establishm ents in the industry grouping and a rea , 2 except fo r those below the m inim um size studied.O ccupations and Earnings

The occupations se lected fo r study are com m on to a variety o f m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing industries. Occupational c la s s i f i cation is based on a un iform set o f job descriptions designed to take account o f in terestablishm ent variation in duties within the sam e job (see appendix fo r listing o f these descrip tion s). Earnings data are presented (in the A -s e r ie s tables) fo r the follow ing types o f o ccu p a tions: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l ; (b) p ro fession a l and technical; (c) m aintenance and pow erplant; and (d) custodial and m aterial m ovem ent.

Data are shown fo r fu ll-tim e w ork ers , i . e . , those h ired to w ork a regu lar w eekly schedule in the given occupational c la ss ifica tion . Earnings data exclude prem ium pay for overtim e and fo r work on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts . Nonproduction bonuses are e x cluded a lso , but c o s t -o f - l iv in g bonuses and incentive earnings are in cluded . W here w eekly hours are reported , as for o ffice c le r ic a l o c cupations, re fe ren ce is to the w ork schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) fo r which stra igh t-tim e sa laries are paid; average w eekly earnings fo r these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half d o lla r .

* This rep ort was prep ared in the B ureau1 s regional o ffice in San F ra n c is co , C a li f . , by W illiam P . O* Connor, under the d irection o f John L . Dana, R egional Wage and Industrial Relations A nalyst.

1 See table 1 fo r m in im u m -size establishm ent cov ered .2 The tabulation o f m inim um entrance rates for wom en o ffice

w ork ers relates on ly to p rov is ion s in establishm ents studied.

Occupational em ploym ent estim ates represen t the total in all establishm ents within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed . B ecause of d ifferen ces in occupational structure among e s tablishm ents, the estim ates o f occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sam ple o f establishm ents studied serve only to indicate the relative im portance o f the jobs studied. These d ifferen ces in occupational structure do not m ateria lly a ffect the a ccu racy o f the earnings data.

E stablishm ent P ra ctices and Supplem entary Wage P rov isions

Inform ation is presented also (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on s e lected establishm ent p ra ctices and supplem entary benefits as they relate to o ffice and plant w ork ers . The term o ffice w o r k e r s ," as used in this bulletin , includes all o ffice c le r ic a l em ployees and excludes adm in istrative , executive, p ro fess ion a l, and techn ical personnel. "Plant w ork ers " include working forem en and all non su p erv isory w orkers (in cluding leadm en and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A dm in istrative, executive, p ro fess ion a l, and technical em ployees , and fo r c e - account construction em ployees who are u tilized as a separate work fo rce are excluded. C afeteria w orkers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing industries , but are included as plant w orkers in nonmanufacturing industries .

Shift d ifferentia l data (table B - l ) are lim ited to manufacturing in du stries . This inform ation is presented both in term s of (a) establishm ent p o l i c y ,3 presented in term s o f total plant w orker em ploym ent, and (b) effective p ra ctice , presented on the basis o f w orkers actually em ployed on the sp ecified shift at the tim e o f the survey. In establishm ents having varied d ifferen tia ls , the amount applying to a m ajority was used o r , if no amount applied to a m a jority , the class ifica tion "o th er" was used.

M inimum entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the establishm ents v is ited . They are presented on an establishm ent, rather than on an em ploym ent b a s is . Scheduled hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated sta tistica lly on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or o ffice w orkers if a m a jority o f such w orkers are elig ib le o r may eventually qualify fo r the p ractices l is te d .4 B ecause o f rounding, sums of individual item s in these tabulations do not n ecessa r ily equal totals.

The sum m ary o f vacation plans is lim ited to form al arrangem ents, excluding in form al plans w hereby tim e o ff with pay is granted at the d iscretion of the em ployer. Separate estim ates are provided

3 An establishm ent was con sidered as having a policy if it met either o f the follow ing conditions: ( l ) O perated late shifts at the time o f the survey, o r (2) had form al p rov ision s coverin g late shifts.

4 Scheduled weekly hours fo r o ffice w orkers (firs t section of table B -3 ) are presented in term s o f the proportion o f women office w orkers em ployed in o ffice s with the indicated weekly hours for women w o rk e rs .

1


2accord ing to em ployer p ra ctice in computing vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, percent o f annual earn ings, or fla t-su m amounts. H ow ever, in the tabulations o f vacation allow ances by years of s e rv ice , payments not on a time basis were converted ; fo r exam ple, a payment of 2 percent o f annual earnings was con sidered as the equivalent o f 1 w eek1 s pay.

Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans for which at least a part o f the cost is borne by the em ployer, excepting only lega l requirem ents such as workmen* s com pensation and socia l secu rity . Such plans include those underwritten by a com m ercia l insurance com pany and those provided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em ployer out o f current operating funds o r from a fund set aside fo r this pu rpose . Death benefits are included as a fo rm of life insurance.

S ickness and accident insurance is lim ited to that type o f in surance under which predeterm ined cash paym ents are made d irect ly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illn ess or accident d isability . Inform ation is presented fo r all such plans to which the em ployer contributes. H ow ever, in New York and New J ersey , which have enacted tem porary d isability insurance laws which requ ire e m ployer con tr ib u tion s ,5 plans are included only if the em ployer (l) co n tributes m ore than is lega lly requ ired , or (2) provides the em ployee

with benefits which exceed the requ irem ents o f the law . Tabulations o f paid s ick -leave plans are lim ited to fo rm a l plans which provide full pay o r a proportion o f the w orker*s pay during absence from w ork because of illn ess . Separate tabulations are provided accord in g to (l) plans which provide full pay and no waiting p er iod , and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting p er iod . In addition to the presentation of the proportions o f w ork ers who are p rov ided sickn ess and accident insurance or paid s ick lea ve , an unduplicated total is shown o f w orkers who re ce iv e either o r both types o f benefit.

Catastrophe insurance, som etim es re fe rre d to as extended m ed ica l insurance, includes those plans which are designed to p rotect em ployees in case of sickness and in jury involving expenses beyond the norm al coverage o f hosp italization , m ed ica l, and su rg ica l p lans. M ed ica l insurance re fers to plans provid ing fo r com plete o r partia l payment o f doctors* fees . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by co m m e rc ia l in surance com panies or nonprofit organ izations o r they m ay be s e lf - insured . Tabulations o f retirem en t pension plans are lim ited to those plans that provide monthly paym ents fo r the rem ainder o f the worker*s l i f e .

5 The tem porary d isability laws in C aliforn ia and Rhode Island do not require em ployer con tributions.

Table 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in San Francisco-Oakland, Calif. , 1 by major industry division, January 1956

Industry division

Minimumsize

establishment

in scope of study 2

Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Within scope of

studyStudied

Within scope of study Studied

Total 3 Office Plant Total 3

All divisions ------------------------------------------------------------ -------- _ 1,096 248 315,100 80,500 1 76, 300 167, 990

Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------------- ---------- 101 343 81 129,300 22,700 88,000 58,990Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------------------------ - 753 167 185,800 57, 800 88,300 109,000

Transportation (excluding railroads),communication, and other public utilities 4 -------- 101 58 27 54,300 8, 800 29,900 47, 670

Wholesale trade --------------------------------------------------------- 51 239 34 30,300 9, 400 12,600 7, 200Retail trade ------------------------------------------------------------------ 101 107 46 42,200 5, 800 31,600 27, 930Finance, insurance, and real estate ---------------------- 51 184 36 37, 600 29,600 5 1,200 19,320Services 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 165 24 21,400 (7 ) (7 ) 6 , 880

1 San Francisco-Oakland Metropolitan Area (Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Solano Counties). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (l) planning of wage surveys re quires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the pay period studied, and (2 ) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.

3 Includes executive, technical, professional and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories.4 A lso excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation. San Francisco's transit system is municipally operated, and is therefore excluded, by defi

nition, from the scope of the studies.5 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only.6 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and

engineering and architectural services.7 This industry division is represented in estimates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables, although coverage was insufficient to

justify separate presentation of data.


3Wage Trends fo r Selected O ccupational Groups

Tabulated below are indexes o f sa laries o f wom en o ffice c l e r i ca l w ork ers , and o f average earnings o f selected plant w orker groups.

F or o ff ice c le r ic a l w ork ers , the indexes relate to average w eekly sa la ries fo r n orm al hours o f w ork, that is , the standard w ork schedule fo r which stra igh t-tim e sa laries are paid. F or plant w orker grou ps, the indexes m easu re changes in straight-tim e hourly earnings, excluding prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for work on w eekends, h o lidays, and late sh ifts . The indexes are based on data for se lected key occupations and include m ost of the num erically im portant jobs within each group. E ighteen jobs were included in the o ffice c le r ic a l index; 10 sk illed m aintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs were included in the plant w orker in dexes. See footnotes to table 2.

A verage w eekly sa la ries or average hourly earnings w ere com puted fo r each o f the se lected occupations. The average sa laries o r hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average o f January 1953 and January 1954 em ploym ent in the job . These weighted earnings fo r individual occupations w ere then added to obtain an aggregate fo r each occupational group. F in a lly , the ratio o f these group aggregates fo r a given year to the aggregate fo r the base period (survey month, winter 1952-53) was com puted and the resu lt m ultiplied by the base year index (100) to get the index fo r the given year.

The indexes m easure prin cipa lly the effects o f ( l ) general sa lary and wage changes; (2) m erit o r other in crea ses in pay r e ce ived by individual w orkers while in the sam e job ; and (3) labor turnover or fo r c e expansion or reduction. A fo r ce expansion might in crea se the proportion o f low er paid w orkers in a sp ecific o c c u pation and resu lt in a drop in the index, w hereas a reduction in the p roportion of low er paid w orkers would have the opposite effect. The indexes are a lso affected by shifts in the p roportion o f w orkers em ployed by establishm ents with different pay le v e ls . F or exam ple, the m ovem ent o f a high-paying establishm ent out of an area could cause the index to drop, even though no change in rates o ccu rred in other area establishm ents.

The use o f constant em ploym ent weights elim inates the effects o f changes in the p roportion o f w orkers represented in each job in cluded in the index. Nor are the indexes in fluenced by changes in standard work schedules o r in prem ium pay for ov ertim e, since they are based on pay fo r stra ight-tim e hours.

Indexes fo r the p eriod 1952 to 1955 fo r w orkers in 17 m ajor labor m arkets, appeared in BLS B ull. 1172, Wages and R elated B enefits , 17 Labor M arkets, 1954-55.

Table 2: Indexes of standard weekly salaries for office clerical1 and average straight-time hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups2 in San Francisco-Oakland, Calif. , January 1955 and January 1956 and percent of increase for selected periods

Industry and occupational group

Indexes(January 1953 = 100) Percent increases from

January1956

January1955

January 1955 to

January 1956

January 1954 to

January 1955

January 1953 to

January 1954

January 1952 to

January 1953

January 1952 to

January 1956

A ll industries:Office clerical (women) __ ____________ ________ _ 112. 7 107. 6 4 .8 3 .0 4 .4 5 .2 18.6Skilled maintenance (m en)___________________________ 110.4 106. 5 3 .7 2 .4 4 .0 5 .8 16.8Unskilled plant (m en )___________________ ___________ 114. 1 109.3 4 .4 3 .0 6. 1 6 .8 21.8

Manufacturing:Office clerical (women) ____________________________ 112.8 107. 0 5 .4 2 .4 4 .5 7 .0 2 0 .7Skilled maintenance (m en)----------------------------------------- 110. 7 106. 3 4. 1 2 .2 4 .0 5 .8 17.1Unskilled plant (men) ________________________________ 113.2 108. 5 4 .3 4 .2 4 .2 6 .9 21.0

1 Based on data for the following jobs: 2 Based on data for the following jobs:

Office clerical (women):B illers , machine (billing machine)Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A and BComptometer operatorsC lerks, file , class A and BClerks, orderC lerks, payrollKey-punch operatorsOffice girlsSecretariesStenographers, general Switchboard operators Switchboard operator-receptionists Tabulating-machine operators Transcribing-machine operators, general Typists, class A and B

Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists MechanicsMechanics, automotive Millwrights Painters Pipefitters Sheet-metal workers Tool and die makers

Unskilled plant (men):Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, material handling Watchmen


A: Occupational Earnings 5Table A-1: Office Occupations

(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basisin San F ran cisco -O ak lan d , C alif. , by industry d iv ision , January 1956)

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv ision

Men

C lerk s , accounting, c la ss A -M anufacturing ---------------------N onm anufacturing --------------

Pu blic u tilities * ------------W holesale trade ------------

C le rk s , accounting, c la ss B -M anufacturing ---------------------N onm anufacturing --------------

F inan ce * * --------- -------------

C le rk s , o rd e r ---------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g ---------------------N onm anufacturing --------------

W holesale t r a d e ------------

C le rk s , p a y ro ll ------------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g ---------------------N on m a n u fa ctu r in g ---------------

P u blic u tilities * -----------

O ffice boys --------------------------------M anufacturing ---------------------N on m an u factu rin g ---------------

Pu blic u tilities * ------------F inance * * -----------------------

Tabu lating-m ach ine op eratorsM anufacturing --------------------N onm anufacturing ---------------

F inan ce * * -----------------------

W om en

B ille r s , m achine (b illin g m a c h in e )-----------M anufacturing -----------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g -----------------------------------

Pu blic u tilities * ----------------------------------

B il le r s , m achine (bookkeeping m ach ine)N on m an u factu rin g -----------------------------------

R eta il t r a d e ----------------------------------------

B ook keeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs , c la ss AM anufacturing ------------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g -----1------------------------------

W holesale t r a d e ----------------------------------

B ook keeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs , c la ss BMa nufa c tu r in g ------------------------------------------N on m an u factu rin g -----------------------------------

W holesale trade ---------------------------------R etail t r a d e -----------------------------------------F in a n ce** --------------------------------------------

Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Number $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ofworkers Weeklyhours

Weeklyearnings 3 5 .0 0 4 0 . 00 4 5 .0 0 50. 00 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0

(Standard) (Standard) u n d er ~ ~ - and4 0 .0 0 4 5 . 00 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 65. 00 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 85. 00 9 0 .0 0 9 5 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105. 00 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0

6

0 v e r

703 3 9 .5$8 5 .5 0 10 66 47 74 166 71 160 64 11 17 10 1

405 3 9 .5 8 7 . 50 - - - - - 6 20 26 30 l W " 53 ' l l 56 11 i 7 9 -----------F .298 3 9 .5 8 2 .0 0 - - - - 4 46 21 44 66 18 89 8 _ _ 1 _ 1102 3 9 .0 8 5 .5 0 - - - - - 3 5 8 10 12 12 50 2 > _ _ _122 3 9 .5 7 9 .0 0 - - - - - 38 4 19 29 - 32 - - - - - -

297 3 9 .0 7 2 .0 0 _ - 9 10 17 47 46 47 62 21 30 2 1 4 1 _ _117 3 9 .5 *79.00 - - - - - 2 12 23 49 8 15 2 1 4 1 - - -180 3 9 .0 67. 50 - - 9 10 17 45 34 24 13 13 15 - - _ _ _ _ _

81 3 8 .0 6 6 .0 0 - 1 - 11 25 32 12 - " - - - - - - -

846 3 9 .5 8 5 .0 0 . _ _ _ _ _ 18 81 70 113 170 106 132 62 57 15 10 4 8277 39. 0 8 7 .0 0 - - - - - 9 12 22 20 41 62 54 26 i9 - 4 4 4569 4 0 .0 8 4 .0 0 - - - - - 9 69 48 93 129 44 78 36 38 15 6 _ 4502 4 0 .0 8 4 . 00 - - - - - 9 54 43 89 115 38 65 31 33 15 6 - 4

156 3 9 .5 8 4 . 50 _ _ 2 _ 2 4 14- 10 21 24 30 27 6 9 2 5 _-------- 7T~ 39."0 8 9 . 50 - - 2 - - - - 5 12 8 16 ' F5 1 - "9 2 5 -

77 3 9 .5 7 9 .0 0 - - - - 2 4 14 5 9 16 14 8 5 _ _ _ _ _44 3 9 .5 8 1 .0 0 - - - - 3 5 6 16 10 4 - - - - - -

576 3 9 .0 5 2 .0 0 11 40 160 195 113 40 3 14 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n r 3 9. 5 " 5Z750- n 6 55 83 28 15 3 3 - - - - - - - - - -

382 3 8 .5 5 1 .5 0 10 34 105 112 85 25 - 11 - - - - - - - _ - -38 3 9 .5 52. 50 _ 5 9 6 16 2 - - - - - - - - - - - -

189 3 8 .5 5 1 .5 0 2 13 53 53 61 7 - - - - - - - - - - -

429 3 9 .0 77. 50 _ _ _ 8 48 60 42 75 81 69 31 7 8 _ - _ _ ----- " 3 3 7 0 5 - - ' - - - 2 " T T 14 36 2 1 28 26 f 5 - - - -

2 74 3 9 .0 7 5 .0 0 - - - 8 46 46 28 39 54 41 5 4 3 - - - -148 3 9 .0 7 0 .5 0 * 6 44 37 20 18 12 8 3

466 3 9 .5 6 6 .0 0 40 111 142 54 37 15 13 41 6 7134 3975 '3 9 . 5 0 . - - 1 5 48 27 i r 13 4 - 4 1 - - - - -332 3 9 .5 6 4 .0 0 - - 39 106 94 17 22 2 9 41 2 - - - - - -225 4 0 .0 66. 00 - - - 26 79 42 11 13 2 9 41 2 - - - - -

161 4 0 .0 6 1 .5 0 _ _ _ 9 44 86 10 8 4 - - - - - - - - - ITT 40 . 6 6 I.OO - - - 9 44 86 10 8 - - - - - - - - - -

129 4 0 .0 6 2 .0 0 - - 5 22 84 10 8 - - - - - - - - -

1/69 3 9 .0 7 4 .0 0 _ _ _ _ 12 22 11 31 54 24 7 1 7 - - - - -------- 6 5 ~ 3170 7 3 .3 0 " - - - - 11 1 12 22 9 "3 - ? - - - - -

104 3 9 .0 72. 50 - - - - 12 11 10 19 32 15 4 1 - - - - - -73 3 9 .0 7 2 .0 0 - - - - 12 9 6 12 15 15 4 - - - - - - -

1 ,5 4 4 3 9 .5 5 8 .5 0 _ 17 190 358 373 335 125 58 53 24 2 9 - _ - - - -214"... 3 5 7 5 ------ 70;35~ _ _

-------- j ------ 3- 13 45 51 28 ' 5 T 22 2 9 - - - - - -1 ,3 3 0 3 9 .5 5 6 .5 0 _ 17 189 355 360 2 87 74 30 16 2 - - - - - - - -

245 3 9 .5 6 2 .0 0 _ - 6 18 50 121 13 21 16 - - - - - - - - -79 3 9 .5 6 1 .0 0 . _ 1 9 27 20 16 5 - 1 - - - - - - - -

949 4 0 .0 5 4 . 50 17 182 328 259 123 39 1

See footn otes at end of table.* T ran sp ortation (exclud ing ra ilro a d s ), com m unication , and other public u tilities .** F inan ce, in surance , and re a l estate.

O ccupational Wage Survey, San F ran cisco -O ak lan d , C alif. , January 1956U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR

Bureau of Labor Statistics


6Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eek ly hours and ea rn in g s1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basis

in San F ra n cisco -O a k la n d , C a lif. , by industry d iv ision , January 1956)

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv ision

W om en - Continued

C lerk s, accounting, c la ss A -------------------------------M an u factu rin g ---------------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing-------------------------------------- -------

Public utilities * ------------------------------------------W holesale trade ------------------------------------------R etail t r a d e --------------------------------------------------Finance * * -----------------------------------------------------

C lerks, accounting, c la ss B ------------------r-----------M a n u factu rin g----------------------------------------------------N onm an u factu rin g---------------------------------------------

Public utilities * ------------------------------------------W holesale trade ------------------------------------------Retail t r a d e --------------------------------------------------Finance * * -----------------------------------------------------

C lerk s, f ile , c la ss A --------------------------------------------M a n u factu rin g----------------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing---------------------------------------------

Public utilities * -----------------------------------------Finance * * -----------------------------------------------------

C lerk s, file , c la ss B --------------------------------------------M an u factu rin g----------------------------------------------------Nonm anufacturing ---------------------------------------------

Public utilities * -----------------------------------------W holesale t r a d e --------------------------------------------R etail t r a d e --------------------------------------------------Finance ** ----------------------------------------------------

C lerks, o rd er ---------------------------------------------------------M anufacturing ---------------------------------------------------N onmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------

Retail trade ---------------------------------------------------

C le rk s , p a y r o l l -------------------------------------------------------M an u factu rin g--------------------------- ------------------------N onmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------

Public utilities * -------------------------------------------W holesale trade -------------------------------------------Retail t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------Finance ** ------------------------------------------------------

Com ptom eter operators ---------------------------------------M anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------------------

Public u tilities * -------------------------------------------W holesale trade -------------------------------------------R etail trade --------------------------------------------- .-----F inance * * ------------------------------------------------------

D uplicating-m ach ine operators (m im eograph orditto) ----------------------------------------------------------------------

M anufacturing ----------------------------------------------------N onm anufacturing----------------------------------------------

Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF$ $ $ $ S $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

of Weekly 35.00 40.00 45.00 50. 00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00workers hours

(Standard)earnings

(Standard)and

under40.00 45. 00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105. 00 110.00 115. 00 120.00andover

1,269 39. 5 $75.00 28 20 21 no 219 146 450 lft* 37 99 26 7 w r 39.0 82. 00 - > - - - 12 22 38 22 21 4 46 25 7 - - - -1,0 72 39.5 73.50 - - 28 20 21 98 197 108 428 85 33 53 1 - - - - -430 40.0 73. 50 - - - 13 21 49 66 44 157 33 8 39 - - - - - -150 40.0 76.00 - _ _ - - 6 39 24 28 35 12 6 - - - - - -72 39.5 73.00 - - - - - 8 20 9 27 4 1 2 1 - - - - -147 38. 5 68.00 - 28 7 - 15 40 13 14 12 12 6 - - - - - -1,688 39.0 62.00 _ 32 99 2 34 378 396 236 144 79 57 25 7 1 - - - - -iTT- 39 :0 ~ 69. 50 - 2 10 3 41 110 52 84 62 49 5 7 1 - - - - -1,262 39.0 59. 50 _ 30 89 231 337 286 184 60 17 8 20 - - - - - - -159 39. 5 65.00 _ - - 21 44 34 14 13 5 8 20 - - - - - - -234 40.0 65.00 - - 5 2 40 84 61 31 11 - - - - - - - - -240 40.0 58.00 - - 4 33 121 67 12 2 1 - - - - - - - - -517 38. 5 56.00 - 30 80 149 116 83 47 12 - - - - - - - - -

403 39.0 64.00 - 21 6 69 51 75 64 37 42 21 4 13 - - - - - -74 ~TS75----- 68. 50 - - - - 11 22 16 - 23 2 - - - - - - - -329 39.0 63. 50 - 21 6 69 40 53 48 37 19 19 4 13 - - - - - -58 39.5 72. 00 - - - 8 6 6 7 7 8 - 3 13 - - - - - -167 38.5 61.50 - 21 6 18 25 36 36 3 4 17 1 - - -

2,052 39.0 50.00 2 84 587 481 3 75 250 120 67 84 4 - - _ - - - - -151 39.0 59. 50 - - 18 32 39 16 32 10 4 - - - - - - - - -1,901 39.0 49.50 84 587 463 343 211 104 35 74 - - - - - - - - - -222 40.0 58.00 - 5 4 65 56 57 18 17 - - - - - - - - - -242 39.5 51.50 - 55 55 67 26 24 2 13 - - - - - - - - - -82 39. 5 51.00 - - 30 37 11 4 - - - - - - - - - - - -1,213 38. 5 46.50 84 494 319 172 118 19 7 - - - - - - - - - -209 39. 5 69. 50 _ _ 6 13 49 25 39 5 22 31 - 2 13 - 2 - - 291 3 9 7 5 70. 50 - - - - 15 12 29 - 15 i5 - - 5 - - - - -118 40.0 6 9 .0 0 - _ 6 13 34 13 10 5 7 16 - 2 8 - 2 - - 263 40. 0 59.00 - - 6 13 29 7 3 - 5 - - - - - - -812 39.0 71.00 _ 13 _ 7 60 148 168 138 146 67 23 26 12 2 2 - - -399 3^ 70 7075(3.. - 4 - 6 4T 57 86 77 76 2o - 19 ] ? 2 2 - - -413 39.0 71.00 . 9 _ 1 17 91 82 61 70 47 23 7 5 - - - - -58 39.0 77. 00 _ - _ 1 1 2 10 17 4 9 8 3 3 - - - - -115 39.5 75.50 _ - - - 6 6 19 13 39 21 5 4 2 - - - - -111 39.5 65. 50 _ _ _ - 6 64 21 7 6 1 6 - - - - - - -100 38.5 69. 50 - 9 - - 2 13 24 22 12 14 4 - - - - -

1,649 39.5 65.00 _ _ 12 82 288 479 43 8 149 106 54 41 - - - - - - ------5$5 3970 " 6 8 :3 0 - - - 7 59 93 19 ^ 37 64 27 21 - - - - - - -1, 144 39.5 64.00 - _ 12 75 229 386 241 112 42 27 20 - - - - - - -89 39.5 72. 50 - - - - 5 21 13 11 13 6 20 - - - - - - -486 39.5 64.00 _ - 12 12 88 175 112 42 29 16 - - - - - - - -456 40.0 63.50 - - - 11 111 169 111 49 - 5 - - - - - - -81 39.0 56. 00 - - 42 21 1 7 1 ~ ~ "

193 40.0 59. 50 2 11 40 41 60 27 9 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ . _102 3 0 7 0 3 9 7 5 0 ' - 1 --------9 ------Z T - n r 36 Yz 4 2 - - - - - - - - -91 39.5 60.00 1 2 1 7 26 24 15 5 1

See footnotes at end o f table.* T ransportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m u nication , and other public u tilities** F inance, insurance, and rea l estate.


7(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basis in San F ran cisco -O ak lan d , C alif. , by industry d iv ision , January 1956)

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv ision Numberofworkers

Avehaoe NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Weeklyhours

(Standard)

Weeklyearnings

(Standard)

$35.00

andunder40 .00

$40 .0 0

45. 00

$45 .00

50. 00

$50.00

55. 00

$55 .00

60 .00

$60. 00

65.00

$65. 00

70. 00

$70. 00

75. 00

$75.00

80. 00

$80.00

85. 00

$85.00

90 .00

$90.00

95 .00

$95 .00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

115.00

115. 00

120.00

$120.00andover

W om en - Continued

8(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis in San F ran cisco -O ak lan d , C a lif. , by industry d iv ision , January 1956)

Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv isionNumber

ofworkers


Weeklyhours

(Standard)

Weeklyearnings

(Standard)

$35 .00 and

under40 .00

$40. 00

4 5 .00

$45 .0 0

50.00

$50 .00

55. 00

$55.00

60.00

$60 .00

65.00

$65.00

70. 00

$70.00

75.00

$75.00

80.00

$80.00

85.00

$85. 00

90 .0 0

$90 . 00

95. 00

$95. 00

100.00

$100.00

105 .00

$105 .00

110.00

$n o . oo

115 .00

$115 .00

120.00

$120.00

and over

W om en - Continuedd*

T ypists, c la ss A --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1, 776 39 .0 62 . 00 _ 3 56 212 485 481 257 123 132 12 15 - _ _ _ _ _M an u factu rin g --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 453 39 .0 67. So - - - 4 39 124 152 60 66 6 2 - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,323 39 .0 60.50 - 3 56 208 446 357 105 63 66 6 13 - - - - - - -

Public u tilities * -------------------------------------------------------- 187 4 0 .0 66.00 - - - 22 48 41 5 18 37 3 13 - - - - - - -W holesale trade -------------------------------------------------------- 115 3 9 .5 63.50 - - - - 46 14 35 11 8 1 - - - - - - - -R etail t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------------------- 55 4 0 .0 59.00 - - - 19 15 11 9 - - 1 - - - - - - - -Finance * * ------------------------------------------------------------------- 875 39 .0 59.00 - 3 56 167 297 246 53 32 21 - - - - - - -

Typists, c la ss B ----------------------------------------------------------------- 3 ,035 39 .0 54.00 22 196 612 984 665 317 109 81 48 _ - _ 1 _ - - _ -M an u factu rin g----------------------------------------------------------------- 545 39 .5 60. Oo - - ' 4"5 94 161 117 50 75 3 - - - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing----------------------------------------------------------- 2 ,490 39 .0 53.00 22 196 567 890 504 200 59 6 45 - - - 1 - - - - -

Public utilities * -------------------------------------------------------- 116 39. 5 55.00 - 2 4 53 38 16 3 - - - - - - - - - - -W holesale t r a d e -------------------------------------------------------- 3 77 4 0 .0 54.00 - 15 90 95 105 56 14 2 - - - - - - - - - -Retail t r a d e ---------------------------------------------------------------- 161 39 .5 55. 50 - - 21 70 40 23 4 3 - - - - - - - - - -Finance * * ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 ,665 38 .5 51.50 22 179 450 556 315 102 38 1 1 1

1 Hours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees r e ce iv e their regu lar stra igh t-tim e sa laries and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours.2 Includes 26 w ork ers at $30 to $35 .* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m u nication , and other public u tilit ies .** F inance, insurance, and rea l estate.

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eek ly hours and ea rn in g s1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basis

in San F ran cisco -O ak lan d , C alif. , by industry d iv ision , January 1956)

S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io nNumber

ofworkers


Weeklyhours

(Standard)

Weeklyearnings

(Standard)

$6 0 .0 0and

u n d er6 5 .0 0

$6 5 .0 0

7 0 .0 0

$7 0 .0 0

75. 00

$7 5 .0 0

80. 00

$8 0 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

$85. 00

9 0 . 00

$9 0 .0 0

95. 00

$9 5 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

$1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 5 .0 0

$1 0 5 .0 0

1 1 0 .0 0

1 1 0 .0 0

1 1 5 .0 0

$1 1 5 .0 0

1 2 0 .0 0

$1 2 0 .0 0

1 2 5 .0 0

$1 2 5 .0 0

1 3 0 .0 0

$1 3 0 .0 0

1 3 5 .0 0

$1 3 5 .0 0

1 4 0 .0 0

$1 4 0 .0 0

1 4 5 .oq

$1 4 5 .0 0 and o v e r

M en$

D ra ftsm e n , l e a d e r -------------------------------------------------------------------- 57 3 9 .5 1 1 8 .5 0 - _ - - . - _ _ _ 3 20 15 10 4 1 2 > 2

D ra ftsm e n , s e n io r ------------------------------------------------------------------- 547 4 0 .0 9 4 . 50 3 10 12 37 17 80 145 98 58 46 16 14 4 2 1 2 1 1M a n u fa ctu r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 435 4 0 .0 9 5 7 0 0 - 6 10 36 14 60 118 bt 50 41 14 l2 3 2 1 2 1 1N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ---------------------------------------------------------------- 114 4 0 .0 9 2 . 50 3 4 2 1 3 20 27 36 8 5 2 2 1 - - - - -

D ra ftsm e n , ju n io r ----------------------------------------- -------------------------- 127 4 0 .0 77 . 00 7 14 28 25 24 27 2 - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _M a n u fa ctu r in g --------------------------------------------------.------------------- 84 4 0 .0 7 7 .5 0 1 14 16 16 16 20 1 - " - - * - - - - -

W o m e n

N u r s e s , in d u s tr ia l ( r e g is t e r e d ) ------------------------------------------- 150 4 0 .0 78. 50 2 5 30 34 28 19 8 16 7 2 . 1 - - - . _ _M a n u fa ctu r in g 117 4 0 .0 7 9 .0 0 2 29 23 19 13 7 15 7 2 ~ " " -

1 Hours re fle c t the w orkw eek fo r which em ployees re ce iv e their regu lar stra igh t-tim e sa laries and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly hours.2 Includes 2 w ork ers at $50 to $55 .

Occupational Wage S u rvey , San F ra n cisco -O a k la n d , C a lif. , January 1956U .S . D EPA RTM E N T OF LABO R

Bureau of L abor Statistics


9Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(A verage hourly earn ings1 fo r m en in se lected occupations studied on an area basis in San F ra n cisco -O a k la n d , C a lif. , by industry d iv ision , January 1956)

O ccupation and industry d iv ision Numberofworkers

Averagehourly

earnings

NUMBER OF WORKEBS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

$1. 60 and

under 1. 70

$1 .70

1 .80

$1.80

1 .90

$1.90

2.00

$2.00

2 . 10

$2 . 10

2.20

$2.20

2 .3 0

$2 .3 0

2 .4 0

$2 .4 0

2 .5 0

$2 .5 0

2.60

$2 .6 0

2. 70

$2 .7 0

2 .8 0

$2 .8 0

2 .9 0

$2 .9 0

3 .00

$3.00

3. 10

$3. 10

3 .20

$3.20

3.30

$3. 30

3.40

C a rp en ters , m aintenance __ __ __ __ _____ __ 336$2. 50 24 13 18 29 136 36 12 3 60 1 3 1

M an u factu rin g___ _____ _______________________ 227 2 .4 9 - - - - 8 4 14 9 135 21 9 2 _ 25 _ _ _N onm anufacturing ______________________________ 109 2 .53 - - - - 16 9 4 20 1 15 3 1 _ 35 1 3 1 _

P u blic u tilities * _____________ _____ ______ 33 2 .3 9 - - - - - 1 2 19 1 9 1 - - - * - - -

E le c tr ic ia n s , m aintenance _______________________ 634 2 .4 9 _ . . 3 3 14 49 71 279 135 16 17 1 15 31M an u factu rin g___________________________________ 483 2. 52 - - - - - 9 45 52 172 131 14 16 - - 13 31 - -

E n g in eers , station ary ___________________________ 488 2 .40 _ _ _ 6 71 102 26 94 26 38 73 1 _ 19 5 27 _M anufacturing __________________________ ______ 197 2 .62 - - - - - 4 12 47 14 18 54 _ - 16 5 27 _ _N onm anufacturing ________ _____ __________ _ 291 2 .2 5 - - - 6 71 98 14 47 12 20 19 1 - 3 _ _ _ _

R eta il trade _____ _____ ____________________ 80 2 .3 5 - - - - - 20 2 32 11 5 7 1 - 2 - - - -F ire m e n , station ary b o i le r ..... ............. . 121 2.21 1 _ 3 34 6 1 46 12 10 _ 2 _ . 6 _ _ _

M anufacturing 93 2 .2 5 - - 3 18 6 - 45 5 8 - 2 - - 6 - - -H e lp e rs , tra d es , m a in te n a n ce ____________________ 1, 196 2 .0 8 2 33 182 113 46 725 72 17 2 _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ . .

M an u factu rin g______________ _______________ 978 2 . 11 - 3 30 111 44 709 60 17 4 - - - - - -

M a ch in e -too l o p e r a to r s , to o lro o m ______________ 213 2 .3 7 _ _ _ . _ 9 17 131 32 21 3 _ _ _ . _M anufacturin g____________________________________ 213 2 .3 7 - - - - - 9 17 131 32 21 3 - - - - - - -

M a ch in is ts , m aintenance _____________ _________ 1,375 2. 50 _ _ _ _ _ 2 43 387 441 196 197 16 26 44 5 16 _ 2 2M an u factu rin g___________________________________ 1,258 2 .5 0 - - - - - 1 43 313 439 175 178 16 26 44 5 16 - 2

M e ch a n ics , autom otive (m aintenance) ___________ 877 2 .5 5 _ . _ 2 14 5 61 62 306 396 30 . 1M anufacturing 110 2 .5 4 _ _ _ _ _ 2 3 _ 52 14 17 22 _ _ _ _ _ _N onm anufacturing ______________________________ 767 2 .5 5 - _ - 2 _ 12 2 61 10 292 379 8 _ _ 1 _ _ _

P u blic u tilities * ____________________________ 687 2. 56 - - - - - 2 2 61 4 244 372 2 - - - - " -

M ech a n ics , m a in ten an ce__________________________ 668 2 .4 4 _ . 1 1 38 150 164 86 75 109 2 3 39M an u factu rin g___________________________________ 589 2 .4 5 - _ _ 1 _ 29 122 163 66 65 101 _ 2 1 _ 39 _ _N onm anufacturing ____________________________ _ 79 2 .3 6 - - - - 1 9 28 1 20 10 8 - - 2 - - - -

M illw righ ts -------------------------------------------------- --------- 221 2 .4 5 1 1 19 185 12 3M anufacturin g___________________________________ 221 2 .4 5 - - - - - 1 1 19 185 12 " - ~ 3 - - - -

O i l e r s _____ _________________________________________ 183 2.00 1 _ 20 87 54 10 9 . _ 2 . _ . _ _M an u factu rin g___________________________________ 140 2.00 1 - 20 72 26 10 9 - - - 2 - - - - - - -

P a in te rs , m a in te n a n ce___ _______________ __ __ 314 2 .41 _ _ _ 25 29 62 38 102 15 5 _ 36 2 . . _M an u factu rin g______ ______________________ __ 178 2 .4 6 - - - - 2 2 36 20 86 11 5 _ _ 16 _ . _N onm anufacturing ________ ____________________ 136 2 .3 4 - - - 23 27 26 18 16 4 - - - 20 2 - - -

P ip e fit te r s , m aintenance ______________________ _ 387 2 .50 . . . 1 13 18 284 37 _ 16 _ 4 2 12M an u factu rin g_________________ _________ 359 2. 50 - - - - 1 13 9 284 22 - 16 - - - - 2 12

S h e e t -m e ta lw o r k e r s , m a in ten an ce__________ __ 63 2 .4 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 1 14 33 2 _ _ _ _ .M anufacturing 58 2 .4 6 - - - - - - 13 - 14 31 " - - - - -

T oo l and die m akers 719 2 . 68 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 3 414 247 20 20 _ 12M an u factu rin g___________________________________ 719 2 . 68 3 3 414 247 20 20 12

1 E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holid ays, and late shifts Includes 1 w ork er at $ 3 .4 0 to $ 3 .5 0 .

* T ran sp ortation (exclud ing ra ilr o a d s ), com m u nication , and other public u tilit ies .

O ccupational Wage Survey, San F ra n cisco -O a k la n d , C a lif ., January 1956U .S . DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR

Bureau o f Labor Statistics


10

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

(A v e ra g e h ou rly e a rn in g s 1 fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 studied on an a r e a b a s isin San F r a n c is c o -O a k la n d , C a l i f . , b y in d u stry d iv is io n , January 1956)

O ccu p a tion and in d u stry d iv is io n

E le v a to r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r (m en )N on m an u factu rin g -----------------------------

F in a n ce ** ________________________

E le v a to r o p e r a t o r s , p a s s e n g e r (w om en ) ________N onm anufacturing -------------------------------------------------

R e ta il tra d e ------------------------------------------------------

G uards ________________________________________________

N onm anufacturing ________________________________F in a n ce ** ---------------------------------------------------------

J a n ito rs , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s (m en )M a n u fa ctu r in g _________________________N onm anufacturing -------------------------------

P u b lic u tilit ie s * __________________W h olesa le trade __________________R eta il t r a d e ___ _____________________F in a n ce * * ________;_________________

J a n ito rs , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s (w o m e n )____ :-----M a n u fa ctu r in g _____________________________________N onm anufacturing ------------------------------------------------

P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ----------------------------------------------R e ta il trad e ___________________________________

L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l h a n d lin g ______________________M a n u fa ctu r in g _____________________________________N onm anufacturing ________________________________

P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ----------------------------------- ----------W h o lesa le trade ______________________________R e ta il trad e ___________________________________

O rd er f i l l e r s ----------------------------- ----------- ----------------------M a n u fa ctu r in g _____________________________________N onm anufacturing -------------------------------------------------

W h o lesa le trade ______________________________R e ta il trad e ___________________________________

P a c k e r s , sh ipping (m e n )____________________________M a n u fa ctu r in g _____________________________________N onm anufacturing ________________________________

W h o lesa le trad e _____________ _________________R e ta il trad e ___________________________________

P a c k e r s , sh ipping ( w o m e n )________________________

R e ce iv in g c l e r k s _____________________________________M a n u fa ctu r in g _____________________________________N onm anufacturing ________________________________

W h o lesa le trad e ______________________________R e ta il tra d e ___________________________________

NUMBER OF WORKEBS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $. 50

$ $70

$ $of hourly 1 .0 0 1. 10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 2 . 60 2 . 2 .8 0 2 . 90

workers earnings a n du n d e r1 .1 0

_ _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - -

1 .2 0 L 3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 ,6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 2 . 30 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 . 60 2 . 70 2 . 80 2 . 90 3 .0 0

4 20$1 .5 4 149 3 9 2 36 17 1 5

4 0 5 1 .5 3 _ _ _ 149 3 9 2 32 12 - - - - - - - - - - - -181 1 .6 3 - - - 1 3 5 172 ~ " - - ~ - ~ ~ ~

3 50 1 .6 3 13 7 16 5 2 4 2 42 7 36 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - -3 0 8 1 .6 0 _ 13 7 l 6 5 24 2 4 2 I - - - - - - - - - - - -147 1 .6 2 - 5 3 13 - - 125 1 - - - ~ - - - - " "

591 1 .7 8 6 2 18 149 40 62 95 150 24 39 _ 6 _ _ - _ - -3 23 1 .9 3 _ _ _ _ _ 3 9 34 64 144 2 4 39 - 6 - - - - - -2 6 8 1 .5 9 _ _ 6 2 18 146 31 2 8 31 6 - - - - - - - - - -118 1 .6 6 - - 6 2 17 20 2 0 20 29 4 - - - - - ~

4 ,4 0 4 1 .7 0 151 2 4 4 112 2 5 5 1 ,5 4 3 9 1 4 5 38 352 250 45 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1 ,3 9 9 1 .8 4 _ _ 6 2 2 6 50 101 2 81 481 2 1 9 188 45 - - - - - - - -3 , 0 05 1 .6 3 _ _ 145 242 86 2 0 5 1 ,4 4 2 633 57 133 62 - - - - - - - - -

4 7 0 1 .6 5 _ _ 6 33 4 6 58 61 2 5 5 8 3 - - - - - - - - - -1 26 1. 74 _ _ 13 2 _ _ 2 9 2 8 1 24 18 12 - - - - - - - - -4 13 1 .6 2 _ _ 38 2 5 13 4 5 2 4 5 11 4 12 20 - - - - - - - - -6 86 1 .6 4 - - - - 9 18 642 11 2 2 2 - - - - " - ~

6 47 1 .6 0 2 2 11 7 77 174 301 30 19 19 5 _ _ _ > _ _ _ _79 1 .7 0 2 _ _ _ 10 13 2 18 19 15 - - - - - - - - - -

568 1 .5 9 _ 2 11 7 67 161 2 9 9 12 - 4 5 - - - - - - - - -49 1 .4 9 _ _ 3 6 8 2 8 - 4 - - - - - - - - - - - -84 1. 63 _ 2 8 1 _ 9 57 2 - - 5 - - - - - - - - -

2 3 9 1. 61 - - - - - 94 144 1 - - ~ - - - ~

5 ,7 8 7 2 .0 3 13 51 79 1 ,3 8 6 2 ,2 72 531 2 51 3 1 7 3 1 9 153 4 1 5 _ _ _ _

2 ,9 9 5 2 .0 0 _ _ _ _ _ 2 9 51 1 ,0 1 7 1 ,1 6 3 241 79 - - - 4 1 5 - - - -2 , 792 2 .0 6 _ _ _ _ _ 13 22 2 8 3 69 1 ,1 0 9 2 90 172 3 1 7 3 1 9 153 - - - - -

831 2 .2 0 _ _ _ _ 6 5 13 160 16 4 3 2 70 3 0 9 45 - - - - -1 ,5 0 4 1 .9 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 15 2 0 4 1 ,0 0 6 153 2 7 20 - 65 - - - - -

4 5 7 2 .0 9 - - - - - 7 3 - 5 87 133 142 2 7 10 43 - - - - *

1 ,6 4 8 2 .0 3 1 6 25 31 12 156 691 2 3 5 271 41 10 '5 1 6 4 - - _ -4 3 8 2 . 11 _ _ _ 6 12 2 6 6 67 134 7 15 10 - - 1 55 - - - -

1 ,2 1 0 2 .0 0 _ _ _ 1 _ 13 5 6 89 5 57 2 2 8 2 5 6 31 10 5 9 - - - -1 ,0 7 2 2 .0 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 89 5 26 2 20 211 2 6 - - - - - - -

138 2 .0 5 - - - 1 - 13 5 6 - 31 8 45 5 10 5 9 " - -

795 1 .9 3 9 5 . 64 88 5 58 20 35 1 6 _ _ - - _ - - 1 .9 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 86 262 13 18 16 - - - - - - -

3 5 9 1 .9 2 _ _ _ 9 5 - 23 2 2 9 6 7 17 - - - - - - - -2 6 2 1 .9 4 _ _ _ _ _ - - 2 5 4 6 2 - - - - - - -

95 1 .8 6 - - - - 9 5 - 23 2 42 - 14 - - - - - - -

3 23 1 .5 2 8 43 18 1 96 15 43 _ _ _ _ - - _ - - - _

4 4 4 2 .0 7 1 3 11 2 6 53 185 98 2 8 15 2 20 2 _ _ _2 0 8 2 .0 7 _ _ _ 2 1 16 43 85 38 1 - 2 20 - - - -2 3 6 2 .0 8 _ _ _ _ 1 1 10 10 10 100 60 2 7 15 - - 2 - - -149 2 .0 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 92 40 2 13 - - 2 - - -

83 2 .0 7 1 1 10 7 10 7 20 25 2

O ccu p ation a l W age S u rv ey , San F r a n c is c o -O a k la n d , C a li f . , Jan u ary 1956U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R

B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta t is t ic s

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le .* T r a n sp o rta t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ica tio n , and oth er p u b lic u t i l i t ie s .* * F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and re a l e s ta te .


11

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued

(A v era g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s 2 stu d ied on an a re a b a s isin San F r a n c is c o -O a k la n d , C a lif . , b y in d u stry d iv is io n , Jan uary 1956)

O ccu p a tio n and in d u s try d iv is io nNumber

ofworkers

Averagehourly

earnings

NUMBER OF WORKEBS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS 0 F -

$1.00 and

under 1. 10

$1 .1 0

$1 . 20

$1 .3 0 1 .4 0

1 .5 0

$1 .5 0

1 .6 0

$1 .6 0

$1. 70

$1 .8 0

1. 90

$1. 90

2.00

$2.00

$2 . 10

$2.20

2 .3 0

$2 .3 0

2 .4 0

$2 .4 0

2 .5 0

$2 . 50

2 . 60

$2 . 60

2 . 70

$2 . 70

2 .8 0

$2 .8 0

2 .9 0

$2. 90

3 .0 0

Shipping c le r k s .M a n u fa c tu r in g ______N on m a n u fa ctu r in g _

W h o le sa le tra d e

Shipping and r e c e iv in g c le r k s M a n u fa ctu r in g _N on m an u factu rin g

W h o le sa le tra d e R e ta il tra d e ____

T r u c k d r iv e r s 3 ______________________________M a n u fa c tu r in g ____________________________N on m a n u fa ctu r in g _______________________

P u b lic u t ilit ie s * _____________________W h o le sa le tra d e _____________________R e ta il tra d e ___________________________

T r u c k d r iv e r s , lig h t (u n d er \l lz tons)M a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________N on m a n u fa ctu r in g ___________________

W h o le sa le tra d e _________________

T r u c k d r iv e r s , m ed iu m ( l 1/z to andin c lu d in g 4 ton s) _______________________

M a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________N on m a n u fa ctu r in g ___________________

P u b lic u t ilit ie s * _________________W h o le sa le tra d e _________________R e ta il tra d e -----------------------------------

T r u c k d r iv e r s , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s ,t r a i le r type) _________________________________

M a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------- -------------------------N on m an u factu rin g ------------------------------------

P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ______________________

T r u c k d r iv e r s , h ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , o th e rthan t r a i le r t y p e ) ___________________________

M a n u fa c tu r in g _____________________________N on m an u factu rin g ________________________

P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ______________________W h o le sa le tra d e ______________________

T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( fo r k lift ) -------------------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________________N on m an u factu rin g ___________________________

P u b lic u t ilit ie s * _________________________W h o lesa le trad e _________________________

T r u c k e r s , p ow er (o th e r than fo rk li f t ) _______M a n u fa c tu r in g _________________________________

W atch m en ______________________ _________________M a n u fa c tu r in g ______ ______________ ____________N on m an u factu rin g __________________________ _

335166169138

693270423299

98

4 ,2 1 5815

3 ,4 0 02 , 0 1 2

897411

464181283118

1,961384

1 ,5 7 7892391287

881117764548

671133538285247

1 ,0 9 7811286108142

322

390231159

$2 . 132 .0 9 2 . 18 2 .1 6

2 . 162 .0 92 . 2 12 .2 92 . 0 1

2 .3 62 .4 12 .3 52 .3 72 .3 02 .4 5

2 .2 62 .4 0 2 . 17 2 . 22

2 .3 52 .4 52 .3 22 .3 12 .2 42 .4 8

2 .4 62 .4 02 .4 72 .4 8

2 .3 82 .3 12 .4 02 .4 32 .3 6

2 . 1 12 . 10 2 . 16 2 .2 6 2 .0 9

2 .0 8

1 .8 0 1 .63

26

2926

33

144

90 23596257

444642

320

6

26

25

11

~Tl18108

22

~5z431033

102

1915

312

19 3820 18

601

51913

239 71

1111

837

91216

9932759

7

49

64248

53111

12

154

12227215

905 1 ,4 7 0

23012

T4312

145456342112

43

196709396305

2

53

2

2

553 14892

1 ,3 7 8778286314

____28

153400368

32

16

42112

29

117

291413

475

94426

601

1435

5

90

512

116

11734821

71404342

61

80521376139

519 133

90

30

TT"44

3

146

64455136

50269

435

1285

306

512

12

2412

423280

388

14292265

31

195

19 515 98

4338

64

46100

99

16372262110

7519

26

1902121

67~6T

3 72 143

22 108

28

8315

109

4420

82323

92

107

8933

94 6515

71012

914

3460

256

4916

299

1 E x c lu d e s p re m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w ork on w eeken ds, h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts .2 D ata l im ite d to m en w o r k e r s e x ce p t w h ere o th e rw ise in d ica ted .3 In c lu d es a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s ize and type o f tru ck o p e ra te d .* T r a n sp o rta t io n (ex c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , com m u n ica tion , and oth er p u b lic u t ilit ie s .


B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Table B-l: Shift D ifferential Provisions '

Percent of manufacturing plant workers

Shift d iffe re n t ia l

(a)In es ta b lish m en ts having fo rm a l p r o v is io n s f o r

(b)A ctu a lly w ork in g on

S econ d sh ift w o rk

T h ird o r o th er sh ift w ork S econ d sh ift

T h ird o r o th e r sh ift

T o t a l__ _____ _________ __ __ _____ ________ __ ____________ 93. 8 9 1 .3 1 5 .9 5. 5

W ith sh ift pay d iffe re n t ia l ---------------------------------------------------------- 93 . 8 9 1 .3 1 5 .9 5. 5

U n ifo rm cen ts (p e r hour) ___ _______________ ____________ 4 2 .9 3 4 .3 9. 1 4 . 7

4 cen ts ________________ ___________________________ _______ 2. 8 _ . 6 _5 cen ts _ ----------- ---------------------- ---------------- ----------- 4 . 2 1 .0 .4 . 16 cen ts ___________________ _ _____________ _ ___________ 13. 1 2. 8 2. 5 . 67 ce n ts ____ _____ ____ ________________ ____________ 1. 6 1. 0 .4 . 28 cen ts _________________ _________________ ______ _______ 1. 0 - . 2 -9 cen ts ______ ______ _____________ __ ____________ - 5 .4 - . 910 cen ts _______ __ ____________ _______________ 10. 8 4 .2 2. 5 -12 cen ts ___________________ __ ___ __ ___ __ _____ - 7 .7 - 1. 2I 2V2 c e n t s __ ____________ __ ___________________________ - 2 .6 - -13, 13V3 , o r 13V2 c e n t s _________________________________ 6 .9 1 .0 2. 0 . 114 cen ts _____________________ _______________________________ - .6 - . 1IS ren ts _ __ ......... ....... ............ . .............. .... 1 .4 4 .9 . 3 . 320, 23, 25, o r 30 cen ts _________________________________ 1. 0 3. 1 1. 1

U n ifo rm p e rce n ta g e __________________________________________ 15. 8 1 4 .3 1. 7 . 1

5 p e r ce n t ___________________________________________________ 6. 8 w - -10 p e r c e n t __________________________________________________ 9. 1 10. 1 1. 7 115 p e r c e n t ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 .2 t

F u ll d a y 's pay f o r r e d u ce d h ou rs _______________________ _ - 1 .6 - -

O th e r 2 ___ ___________ _______________________ ____________ 35. 1 41. 1 5. 1 . 7

N o sh ift pay d i f f e r e n t ia l_________________________________ _____ - - -

1 Shift differential data are presented in terms of (a) establishment policy, and (b) workers actually employed on late shifts at the time of the survey. An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had formal provisions covering late shifts.

2 Includes such combination plans as a cents-per-hour or percentage differential plus a paid lunch period; full day's pay for reduced hours plus a flat sum; and full day's pay for reduced hours plus a cents-per-hour or percentage differential.

t Less than 0.05 percent.

Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco-Oakland, Calif. , January 1956U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau of Labor Statistics


13

Table B-2-. Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1

M in im u m rate (w e e k ly sa la ry )

N um ber o f e s ta b lish m en ts w ith s p e c i f ie d m in im u m h ir in g ra te in N u m ber o f e s ta b lish m en ts w ith s p e c i f ie d m in im u m h ir in g rate in

A llin d u str ies

M anufacturin g N on m an u factu rin g M an u factu rin g N onm anufacturing

B a s e d on stan dard w eek ly h ou rs 2 o f A ll B a s e d on s tan d ard w eek ly h o u r s 2 o f

A llsch ed u les 40

A lls ch ed u les 37Vz 38 /. 40

in d u str ie sA ll

sch e d u le s 40A ll

sch e d u le s 37 V2 383/i 40

E sta b lish m e n ts s tu d ied _ -------- ------------------------- --------------- 248 81 X X X 167 X X X X X X X X X 248 81 X X X 167 X X X X X X X X X

F O R IN E X P E R IE N C E D TY P IST S F O R O T H E R IN E X P E R IE N C E D C L E R IC A L W ORKERS

E sta b lish m e n ts having a s p e c i f ie d m in im u m ------------------- 114 43 34 71 10 10 42 128 48 38 80 12 9 50

$ 3 2 . 50 and under $ 3 5 . 00 __ -------------- -------------------------- - _ _ _ - - - 1 _ _ 1 _ 1 _$ 3 5 .0 0 and under $ 3 7 . 50 __ -------- ------------------------------- - - - - - - - 1 - - 1 1 - -$ 3 7 .5 0 and under $ 4 0 .0 0 ------------------- ------ ------------------- 2 - - 2 - - 1 4 1 1 3 1 - 1$ 4 0 .0 0 and under $ 4 2 . 50 -------- ------------------------------------- 8 1 1 7 3 1 2 12 1 - 11 2 2 3$ 4 2 . 50 and under $ 4 5 . 00 ------------------------------------------------ 13 2 1 11 1 2 6 12 1 1 IT 2 1 8$ 4 5 .0 0 and under $ 4 7 .5 0 ------------------------------------------------- 16 3 3 13 4 2 6 17 6 5 11 2 1 6$ 4 7 . 50 and under $ 5 0 . 00 ------------------------------------------------ 11 4 3 7 - 2 4 12 6 4 6 - 2 3$ 50. 00 and under $ 52. 50 ------------------------------------------------- 15 9 6 6 - - 5 19 9 7 10 3 1 6$ 5 2 . 50 and under $ 5 5 .0 0 __ __ __ -------- ------ ----- 13 6 5 7 - 3 4 9 4 4 5 - 1 4$ 5 5 .0 0 and under $ 5 7 . 50 ____________ __ ------ ---------- 9 3 3 6 1 - 4 16 10 9 6 1 - 4$ 5 7 . 50 and under $ 6 0 . 00 ______________________________ 14 9 7 5 1 - 4 13 6 4 7 - - 7$ 6 0 .0 0 and under $ 6 2 . 50 __ ------------------------- __ --------- 1 - - 1 - - 1 4 - - 4 - - 4$ 6 2 . 50 and under $ 6 5 . 00 ------------------------------------------------ 5 4 3 1 - - 1 5 3 2 2 - - 2$ 6 5 .0 0 and under $ 6 7 . 50 _____ ___________._____________ 4 2 2 2 - - 2 1 - - 1 - - 1$ 6 7 . 50 and o v e r __ _____________ _________ _ -------- 3 - - 3 - " 2 2 1 1 1 " - 1

E sta b lish m e n ts having no s p e c i f ie d m in im u m ________ 67 20 X X X 47 X X X X X X X X X 69 19 X X X 50 X X X X X X X X X

E stab lish m en ts w h ich d id n ot e m p lo y w o rk e rsin th is c a te g o r y _ -------- ------- _ --------------------------- 66 18 X X X 48 X X X X X X X X X 50 14 X X X 36 X X X X X X X X X

D ata not a v a i l a b l e ---------------- -------- -------------- --------------- 1 - X X X 1 X X X X X X X X X 1 X X X 1 X X X X X X X X X

1 L o w e s t s a la r y ra te f o r m a l ly e s ta b lish e d fo r h ir in g in e x p e r ie n ce d w o rk e rs f o r typ ing o r o th er c le r i c a l jo b s .2 H ou rs r e f le c t the w o rk w e e k fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s t r a ig h t-t im e s a la r ie s . Data a r e p re s e n te d fo r a ll w o rk w eek s com b in ed , and fo r the m o s t co m m o n w ork w eek s re p o r te d .

O ccu p a tion a l Wage S u rvey , San F r a n c is c o -O a k la n d , C a lif . , January 1956U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R

B u rea u o f L a b or S ta tis tics


14

Table B-3: Scheduled Weekly Hours

TPERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N - PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

W eek ly h ou rsAll

industries z Manufacturing Public utilities *Wholesale

trade Retail trade Finance ** ServicesAll

industries ManufacturingPublic utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Services

A U w o r k e r s ________________________________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100i

100 100 100 100 100

U nder 37 l f z h ou rs __ -------- ------------------------- 5 7 t 6 t t t t _ _ t37V2 h ou rs _ __ __ __ __ ------------------- __ 17 16 6 9 9 24 11 10 t 9 13O v er 37V2 and under 381 2 3/* h o u r s ____ __ _____ 5 - t - - 12 - - _383/j h o u r s _________________________________________ 10 10 7 6 - 17 t - t _ _O v er 383/4 and under 40 h o u r s __________________ t - - - t - - _ _40 h ou rs __________________ _______ ____ ____ ______ 63 67 84 79 91 46 86 87 98 91 83O v e r 40 h o u r s ____ _____ _______________________

' ' " "_ - t t t t

1 Data relate to women workers only.2 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.3 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately, t Less than 2. 5 percent.* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.

Table B-4: Paid Holidays1

I t e m

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

All 2 industries Manufacturing

Public j. utilities v

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance** Services

All , industries Manufacturing

Public utilities *


A l l w o r k e r s ___ __ _ __ _________ __________ __ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id in gp a id h o l id a y s _________ __________________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 92 100 100 99

2 h o l id a y s __ __ __ __ __ _____ __________ t - - - t _ 3 - _ _ 163 h o l id a y s _____________________________________ _____ - - - - - - t t - - -5 h o l id a y s __________________________________________ t - - - T - 4 - - - -6 h o l id a y s _________________________________________ 5 11 t 9 9 t 12 16 7 7 4

F u l l d a y s o n l y _________________________________ 5 9 t 9 9 t 10 11 7 7 4P lu s 2 h a l f d a y s _ ______ _ ------- __ t 3 - - - - t 4 - - -

7 h o l id a y s ___^____________________________________ 50 69 20 75 78 27 49 56 23 57 62F u ll d a y s o n l y _________________________________ 4 8 68 20 75 71 27 47 53 23 57 60P lu s 1 h a l f d a y ____ __ --------- __ __ __ __ t t - - 6 - t 3 - - tP lu s 2 , 3 , o r 4 h a l f d a y s __ --------- __ __ t - t - - - t t - - -

8 h o l id a y s _______________ __________________________ 36 19 72 15 9 51 27 20 70 36 15F u ll d a y s o n l y _________________________________ 34 19 72 15 9 47 26 18 70 36 15P lu s 1 h a l f d a y ________________________________ t - - - - 5 t t - -

9 h o l id a y s __ __ _________ __ __ ___ ____ __ 7 t t - 3 15 t - - - tF u l l d a y s o n l y _____ ;__________________________ _ 4 t t - 3 8 t - - - tP lu s 1 h a l f d a y _ __ _ __ __ __ __ __ t - - - - 5 - - - - -P lu s 2 h a l f d a y s ______________________________ t - - - - 3 - - - - -

10 h o l id a y s a n d o v e r 3 t 4 - - 6 - - - - -W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id in g

n o p a id h o l i d a y s ____________________________________ 5 8 - t

1 Estimates relate to full-day holidays provided annually, as in earlier studies. These are further divided between workers who receive merely the indicated number of full-day holidays, and those who receive 1 or more half holidays in addition.

2 Includes data for services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.3 Includes data for real estate and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.f Less than 2.5 percent. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco-Oakland, Calif., January 1956* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR** Finance, insurance, and real estate. Bureau of Labor Statistics


Table B-5: Paid Vacations

Vacation policyPERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

All . industries1 Manufacturing

Publicutilities*

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance* * Services


Public utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade

All workers --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

METHOD OF PAYMENT

Workers in establishments providing paidvacations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Length-of-time payment --------------- -------------------------- 99 98 100 100 100 100 87 73 100 100 100Percentage payment --------------------------------------- ------------ t t - - - - 13 26 - - .Other --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ~ " t t - - -

AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY

After 1 year of service

1 week ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 7 61 28 62 _ 61 55 62 73 72Over 1 and under 2 weeks----------------------------------------------- - - - - - - 9 19 - _ _2 w eek s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82 93 38 72 38 100 25 22 24 27 28Over 2 and under 3 w eek s --------------------------------------------- t - t - - - t _ 15 _ _3 weeks----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- t t - - t 4 - - -

After 2 years of service

1 week ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- t t t _ t _ 12 20 4 tOver 1 and under 2 w eek s --------------------------------------------- t - 5 - - - 7 12 _ t 42 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 98 98 92 100 99 100 75 61 81 99 95Over 2 and under 3 weeks --------------------------------------------- t - t - - - t - 15 _ _3 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- t t - - 4 8 - - -


1 week ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 8 _ _ _Over 1 and under 2 weeks----------------------------------------------- - - - - - - 3 5 - t t2 w e e k s --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 96 93 96 100 100 98 87 79 85 99 98Over 2 and under 3 weeks --------------------------------------------- t - t - - - t - 10 - -3 weeks ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- 4 7 3 " t 5 9 4 - -


Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------------------- _ _ _ _ _ _ t t _ _ _2 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 93 82 95 89 85 89 89 84 89 90Over 2 and under 3 weeks --------------------------------------------- 6 - t 4 3 14 t - 10 3 -3 weeks --------------------------- ------------------- 8 7 16 t 8 t 9 10 6 9 104 weeks and ov er ------------------------------------------------------------------ t

S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le .* T r a n sp o rta t io n (ex c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , com m u n ica tion , and o th er p u b lic u tilit ie s ** F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and r e a l e s ta te .

O ccu p a tion a l W age S u rv ey , San F ra n c is c o -O a k la n d , C a lif . , Jan uary 1956U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R

B ureau o f L a b or S ta tistics

N O T E : In the ta b u la tion s , o f v a ca tion a llo w a n ce s by y e a rs o f s e r v ic e , paym en ts o th er than "len gth o f t i m e , " such as p e rce n ta g e o f annual ea rn in gs o r f la t -s u m p a y m en ts , w e re c o n v e r te d to an equ iva len t tim e b a s is ; fo r exa m p le , a paym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual earn in gs w as c o n s id e r e d as 1 w e e k s pay .


16

Table B-5: Paid Vacations - Continued

V a c a t io n p o l i c y

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

Allindustries1 Manufacturing

Public utilities #

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance# # Services


Public utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade:

A l l w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

A M O U N T O F V A C A T IO N P A Y - C o n t in u e d

A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e

O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- . t t2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------?------------------- 75 76 82 90 87 71 81 75 84 89 87O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------------- 6 - t 6 - 14 4 4 10 3 _3 w e e k s ----------------- ------------------------------------------------------------- 19 24 15 3 13 16 15 20 4 9 134 w e e k s an d o v e r ----------------------------------------------------------- t - t - - - t t - -


O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- t t2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 20 9 21 34 40 31 33 t 10 41O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- t - t - - 5 t - 10 - -3 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 70 80 89 79 66 55 67 67 86 9 0 594 w e e k s and o v e r --------------------------------------------------------- t t " - t - t -


O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------ t t2 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 18 9 21 34 9 29 30 t 10 41O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------ t - t - - - t - 10 - -3 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79 78 89 79 66 82 68 67 86 90 594 w e e k s and o v e r ----------------------------------------------------------- 4 4 t - 8 t t t "

A f t e r 2 5 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e

O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------ . _ . _ t t _2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ 14 18 9 21 34 7 29 30 t 10 38O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- t - t - - - t - 10 - -3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------- 67 63 85 64 52 65 59 55 86 84 514 w e e k s and o v e r ----------------------------------------------------------- 19 18 5 15 14 2 8 10 14 t 6 11

1 Inclu des data fo r s e r v ic e s in a dd ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n s e p a ra te ly .Inclu des data fo r re a l esta te and s e r v ic e s in ad d ition to th ose in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a ra te ly ,

t L e ss than 2. 5 p e r ce n t .* T ra n sp orta tion (exc lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u t i li t ie s .** F in a n ce , in su ra n ce , and r e a l e s ta te .


17

Table B-6: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

T yp e o f p la n

PERCENT OP OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN


Public utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance** Services


Publicutilities*


A ll w o rk e rs ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 0 1 00 1 00 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

W o rk e rs in e s ta b lish m e n ts p ro v id in g :

L ife in su ra n ce ----------------------------------------------------- 95 94 95 99 76 1 0 0 95 98 94 1 0 0 86A c c id e n ta l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t

in su ra n ce ------------------------------------------------------------ 42 55 13 56 38 39 49 65 14 67 29S ick n ess and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce

o r s ic k le a v e o r b o th 1 2 3 ------------------------------------- 6 6 57 91 6 6 41 77 55 46 85 64 46S ick n e ss and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e 4 ------------ 30 27 16 22 29 42 23 31 8 6 28S ick le a v e (fu ll p a y and no

w a itin g p e r io d ) ------------------------------------------- 47 44 58 47 17 56 17 13 34 11 2 0S ick le a v e (p a rtia l p a y o r

w a it in g p e r io d ) ------------------------------------------- 6 t 29 9 9 3 2 0 5 49 49 12H o sp ita liz a t io n i n s u r a n c e --------------------------------- 77 8 6 33 83 78 83 79 90 23 87 93S u r g ic a l .in s u r a n c e ----------------------------J----------------- 76 8 6 33 79 83 83 79 90 23 87 93M e d ica l in su ra n ce ---------------------------------------------- 63 73 33 70 80 61 74 80 23 83 91C a ta strop h e in su ra n ce --------------------------------------- 15 12 8 14 15 21 8 7 8 14 10R e tire m e n t p e n s i o n -------------------------------------------- 70 70 87 47 26 84 51 52 94 35 25No h ea lth , in s u ra n ce , o r p e n s io n

p l a n ----------------------------------------------------------------------- t t t 7 t t t

1 In clu d es data f o r s e r v ic e s in add ition to th ose in du stry d iv is ion s show n s e p a ra te ly . O ccu p a tion a l W age S u rv ey , San F ra n c is co -O a k la n d , C a lif. , January 19562 In clu d es data f o r r e a l e s ta te and s e r v ic e s in a dd ition to those in d u stry d iv is io n s show n se p a ra te ly . U. S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LA B O R3 U n du plica ted tota l o f w o rk e rs r e c e iv in g s ick lea ve o r s ick n ess and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce show n se p a ra te ly bel

Appendix*. Job Descriptions19

The prim ary purpose o f preparing job d escrip tion s for the B ureau s wage surveys is to a s s is t its fie ld staff in c lass ify in g into appropriate occupations w ork ers who are em ployed under a va riety of p ayroll titles and different w ork arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to a rea . This is essen tia l in ord er to perm it the grouping o f occupational wage ra tes representing com parable job content. B ecause o f this em phasis on i-nterestablishm ent and in terarea com parability of occupational content, the B u rea u s job d escrip tion s m ay d iffer s ig n ificantly from those in use in individual establishm ents or those p repared for other p u rp oses . In applying these job d escrip tion s , the B ureau s fie ld represen tatives are instructed to exclude w ork ing su p erv iso rs , apprentices, le a rn e rs , beg in n ers, tra in ees , handicapped w o rk e rs , p a rt-t im e , tem p ora ry , and probationary w o rk e rs .

O f f i c e

BOOKKEEPING-M ACHINE OPERATOR - ContinuedB IL L E R , MACHINE

P rep a res statem ents, b il ls , and invoices on a m achine other than an ord in ary o r e le c trom a tic typew riter. May a lso keep re co rd s as to b illin gs or shipping ch arges or p erform other c le r ic a l w ork in cidenta l to b illing op era tion s . F or wage study p u rp oses , b i l le r s , m ach in e , are c la s s if ie d by type o f m ach ine, as fo llow s:

B ille r , m achine (billing m ach ine) - Uses a sp ecia l b illing m achine (M oon H opkins, E lliott F ish er , B urroughs, e t c . , which are com bination typing and adding m achines) to p rep are b ills and in v o ices from c u s to m e r s purchase o rd e rs , in ternally p rep ared o r d e r s , shipping m em oranda, e tc . Usually involves application o f p red eterm in ed discounts and shipping charges and entry o f n e ce ssa ry ex ten sion s , w hich m ay or m ay not be com puted on the b illing m ach in e , and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m ach ine. The operation usually involves a large num ber o f carbon cop ies o f the b ill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold m ach in e .

B il le r , m achine (bookkeeping m ach ine) - U ses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, E lliott F ish er , Rem ington Rand, e tc . , which m ay o r m ay not have typew riter keyboard) to p repare c u s to m e r s b ills as part o f the accounts rece ivab le operation . G enerally involves the sim ultaneous entry of figures on c u s to m e r s led ger r e c o r d . The m achine autom atically accum ulates figures on a num ber o f v e r t ica l colum ns and com putes and usually prints autom a tica lly the debit or cred it ba lan ces. Does not. involve a know ledge o f bookkeeping. W orks from uniform and standard types o f sa les and cre d it s lip s .

BOOKKEEPIN G-M ACHINE OPERATOR

O perates a bookkeeping m achine (Rem ington Rand, E lliott F is h e r , Sundstrand, B urrou gh s, National Cash R eg is ter , with or w ithout a typew riter keyboard ) to keep a r e co rd o f business tran sactions .

C lass A - Keeps a set o f re co rd s requ iring a knowledge of and experien ce in b a s ic bookkeeping p rin cip les and fam iliarity with the structure o f the p articu lar accounting system used. D eterm ines p rop er re co rd s and distribution o f debit and cred it item s to be used in each phase o f the w ork . M ay prepare consolidated re p o r ts , balance sh eets , and other re co rd s by hand.

C lass B - Keeps a r e co rd o f one or m ore phases or sections o f a set o f re co rd s usually requ iring little knowledge o f basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, p ayroll, c u s to m e r s accounts (not including a sim ple type o f billing d escribed under b il le r , m ach in e), co st d istribu tion , expense distribution, in ventory con tro l, e tc . M ay check or a ss is t in preparation of tria l ba lances and p repare con tro l sheets fo r the accounting departm ent.

C LE R K , ACCOUNTINGC lass A - Under general d irection o f a bookkeeper or account

ant, has resp on sib ility for keeping one or m ore sections of a c o m plete set of books or re co rd s relating to one phase o f an estab lish m e n t s business tran saction s . W ork involves posting and balancing su bsid iary ledger or led gers such as accounts rece ivab le or a c counts payable; exam ining and coding in vo ices or vouchers with p rop er accounting d istribution ; requ ires judgm ent and experience in m aking prop er assignations and a lloca tion s . May assist in p rep arin g , adjusting, and c losin g journal en tries ; m ay d irect class B accounting c le rk s .

C lass B - Under su perv ision , p er fo rm s one or m ore routine accounting operations such as posting sim ple journal vou chers , accounts payable vou ch ers , entering vou chers in voucher reg is ters ; recon cilin g bank accounts; posting subsid iary ledgers con trolled by general led g ers . This job does not requ ire a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping p rin cip les but is found in o ffices in which the m ore routine accounting w ork is subdivided on a functional basis among severa l w ork ers .


20

CLERK , FILE

C lass A - R esponsib le fo r m aintaining an established filing system . C la ss ifie s and indexes corresp on d en ce or other m ateria l; m ay a lso file this m a ter ia l. M ay keep re co rd s o f various types in con junction with file s or superv ise others in filing and locating m ateria l in the f i le s . M ay p er fo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.

C lass B - P e r fo rm s routine filin g , usually o f m ateria l that has a lready been c la s s if ie d , or loca tes or a ss is ts in locating m a teria l in the fi le s . M ay p er fo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.

CLERK , ORDER

R ece iv es c u s to m e r s 1 ord ers fo r m ateria l or m erchandise by m a il, phone, or p erson a lly . Duties involve any com bination o f the fo llow in g : Quoting p r ice s to cu stom ers ; making out an ord er sheetlisting the item s

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