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Body Composition Assessment
(BCA)
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Objectives
• Discuss the selection of body circumference for BCA
• Discuss the requirements for completing BCA
• Conduct BCAs and body fat estimates calculations
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Physical Readiness Standards
• Based on general health and fitness of the Sailor
• Body fat standards are NOT based on• Job performance• Appearance in uniform
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Body Fat Measurement Techniques
Method Std. Error (%)
Autopsy .01
Hydrostatic Weight* 1.5 - 3.0
Circumference (Navy) 3.5
Calipers* 3.0 - 5.0
Height / Weight 5.0
Bio-impedance* 4.0 - 5.0
Near Infrared 7.0 4* Research Environment
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Hydrostatic Weight Test
• Considered the “Gold Standard”, however:• Expensive• Not available everywhere• Individuals must be
comfortable in water to receive accurate reading
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Skin Fold Caliper
• NHRC conducted a feasibility study with 38 CFLs• Received six one-hour
training sessions• After 75 measurements
only 24% were proficient
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Bio-impedance
• Electric current is sent through the body to measure the amount of muscle density and fat
• Not very accurate and costly
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DoD Instruction 1308.3
• All DoD components shall measure body fat using only the circumference-based method with one set of measurements • Male: neck and abdomen • Female: neck, waist, and hips
• No substitute methods of assessment are permitted
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Navy Body Composition Assessment (BCA)
• Weight for height screening • If member exceeds, circumference
measurements are required
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Height-Weight Requirements
• Only taken by CFL/ trained ACFL • 10 days, no later than 24 hours out
• Shoes removed
• Reservists have up to 31 days to 24 hours out
• PTU / or UOD• No deduction for clothing
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Height
• Measure height each time
• Round up to nearest inch
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Weight
• Calibrate scale• Fractions of a pound shall be recorded to
the nearest pound: • Round down weight fractions less than ½
pound • Round up weight fractions greater than ½
pound
• No deduction for clothing
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BCA Technician Requirements
• At least 2 personnel present*• Must be by a CFL or trained ACFL to
measure member• Do not need CFL/ACFL (measuring) of
same gender as member, however have someone of the same gender present
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* 2nd member holds shirt, ensures tape is parallel to the deck
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BCA Equipment &Personnel Requirements
• Any non-stretch tape, not cloth• Calibrate with yard stick to ensure tape
is accurate• CO's/OIC’s should specify uniform of the
day or Navy PTU for official and unofficial height and weight screening and circumference measurements
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BCA Measurement Requirements
• Feet together, arms at sides• Ensure correct placement of tape*• Tape parallel to the deck*• Take 2 sets of measurements in
sequential order• Take an average, not the lowest
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* Common errors with taping
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Measurement Discrepancy
• Members shall be taped 2 times• If there is more than 1 in difference in the
2 measurements, a 3rd measurement will be taken
• Calculate the average of the 2 closest measurements
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Navy BCA Standards
• Male• 22 % up to 39 years• 23% over 40 years
• Female• 33 % up to 39 years• 34% over 40 years
• NAVADMIN 131/10 rescinded DoD BCA as of 01 Jul 10
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BCA Estimation Method
• Height rounded up to the nearest half inch
• Circumference Value (CV)• Male CV:
abdominal - neck = CV• Female CV:
(hips + natural waist) - neck = CV
• Refer to body fat estimate chart
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BCA Key Points
• Male measurements• Neck under Adams apple• Abdominal across navel
• Female measurements• Neck at larynx (have member swallow)• Natural waist at smallest portion• Hips across largest protrusion of gluteal
muscle• Always take 2 consecutive sets
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Body Fat Estimate Chart
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Note: half inches differs fromheight-weightscreen
Height and CV =body fat %
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Body Fat % Example
• Male• CV = 19• Height = 64.2 in• What is the body fat %?
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Common Cheats
• Body Wraps• wait 72 hours before re-measuring
• Shoe inserts in socks • Hair buns/extensions
• measure top of head not hair
• Standing on toes
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Maintaining Integrity
• If you are not comfortable measuring someone, have another qualified CFL/ACFL take the measurements
• You may use a CFL from another command
• Measurements must made by a CFL/ trained ACFL
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BCA Pass
• Member meets height-weight standards
or• Outside of height-weight standards and
meets body fat %
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BCA Failure
• Member fails to meet height-weight standards
and• Is outside of maximum allowable
body fat %
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Why does the Navy use body fat circumference measurements?
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Why does the Navy use body fat circumference measurements?
• DoD Instruction 1308.3 states all services shall….
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What personnel are authorized to take official BCAs?
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What personnel are authorized to take official BCAs?
• Only taken by CFL/ trained ACFL
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How many sets of measurements are required?
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How many sets of measurements are required?
• Take all circumference measurements two times. Take a third measurement if one of the two measurements differs by more than one inch from the other
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Do you take the lowest of the three?
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Do you take the lowest of the three?
• No, average the two measurements
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Summary
• Maintain accurate equipment• 2 members must be present for all
measurements• Handle cheating immediately
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References
• Naval Health Research Center – Calipers
• OPNAVINST 6110.1 (Series)• Physical Readiness Program Operating
Guide 4: The Body Composition Assessment (BCA)
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Need Live Demo Volunteers
• 1 Male and 1 Female
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BCA Check
• Were the members’: • Hands down at the side?• Feet together?
• Was the tape:• Parallel to the deck?• In back and front?
• Were 2 sets taken?• (Neck, abs) and (neck, abs) [Male]• (Neck, waist, hips) and (neck, waist, hips)
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BCA Practical Lab
• Divide into PT teams• Each person takes 2 sets of
measurements on each group member• Include a female if possible• BCA Worksheet is in your CFL binder• Come to consensus among the group• Any person with different measurements
must be re-measured
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PFA Decision Making
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Questions?
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