Download - Bones and Joints
![Page 1: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Bones and Joints
![Page 2: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Bone Structure
• Bones have several parts• Bones have bumps and pits so muscles can
attach to them
![Page 3: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Bone covering
• The surface of bones are covered in a tough membrane called periosteal
• Small blood vessels in the periosteal carry nutrients into the bone
![Page 4: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Compact bone
• Hard strong layer of bone underneath the periosteal
• Gives bones strength• Contains deposits of calcium
![Page 5: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Spongy Bone
• Has many small, open spaces to help make bones lightweight.
• In the center of spongy bone is a cavity called marrow
• Marrow produces red blood cells
![Page 6: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Cartilage
• Smooth slippery, thick layer covering the end of bones
• It is flexible and acts a shock absorber• Reduces friction
![Page 7: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Bone Formation
• Before birth our skeletons are made of cartilage
• Bone forming cells deposit calcium and phosphorous to create bones
![Page 8: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Joints
• A place where two or more bones meet• Held together by ligaments
![Page 9: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Different types of joints
• Pivot – top of neck• Hinge – knees and elbows• Ball and socket - shoulder• Gliding - vertebrae
![Page 10: Bones and Joints](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062323/56815c69550346895dca7bbe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
• No known cause• Joints swell up, hurt, and get stiff• Affects kids