BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD Reference Planning Concept
Reference Planning Configurations and Reference Networks
Сентябрь 2004Москва
David Botha
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
What is an RPC?
An RPC is an idealised abstract configuration of technical
characteristics that can be used for conference planning purposes.
An RPC describes the sum of all relevant technical aspects of a
broadcasting service implementation required for planning
purposes and eventually for the calculations related to plan
modifications during Plan implementation.
An RPC is not associated with any particular system variant
or a real network, but can represent a large number of real
implementations.
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Why use an RPC?
Thousands of planning configurations
Reception modes for DVB-T:• Portable reception (indoor / outdoor)• Fixed reception (roof top)• Mobile reception
Reception modes for T-DAB:• Mobile reception• Portable indoor reception
DVB-T System variants• Modulation type and code rate (15 types)• Channel bandwidth 7 and 8 MHz (15 x 2 types)• Guard intervals (1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32) (15 x 2 x 4 = 120
variant types)
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Derivation of RPC’sTable 3.6-1
Aspects of DVB‑T planning configurations
Aspect Element
Reception mode Fixed roof-levelPortable outdoorPortable indoor
MobileCoverage quality (in terms of percentage of locations)
70%95%99%
Network structure MFN (single transmitter)SFN
Dense SFN
DVB‑T system variant from QPSK-1/2to 64-QAM-7/8
Frequency band Band III (200 MHz)Band IV (500 MHz)Band V (800 MHz)
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Derivation of RPC’s continued
Representative Planning Configurations
Emed rep calculated for band III (200 MHz), IV (500 MHz) and V (800 MHz)
Rep. Plan. Conf.
Reception mode
fix fix po po mob mob pi pi
Mod. 64
QAM
64
QAM
16
QAM
64
QAM
QPSK 16
QAM
16
QAM
16
QAM
Code Rate
2/3 3/4 2/3 2/3 2/3 1/2 2/3 2/3
Loc. Prob.
95% 95% 95% 95% 99% 99% 70% 95%
Required C/N (dB)
20.1 21.6 17.2 22.3 13.0 15.5 17.2 17.2
Data capacity from to (MBit/s)
19.9
24.1
22.4
27.1
13.3
16.1
19.9
24.1
6.6
8.0
10.0
12.1
13.3
16.1
13.3
16.1
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Derivation of RPC’s continued
RRC-04 Reference Planning Configurations
DVB‑T grouping in terms of reception mode:
• fixed reception;
• portable outdoor reception, mobile reception and lower coverage quality portable indoor reception;
• higher coverage quality portable indoor reception.
For reference frequencies:
• 200 MHz (VHF);
• 650 MHz (UHF).
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Derivation of RPC’s continued
RRC-04 Reference Planning Configurations
RPC 1 RPC 2 RPC 3
Group fix mob, po, pi pi
Plan. Conf.
64QAM2/3 fix
95%loc
64QAM3/4 fix
95%loc
QPSK2/3
mob 99%loc
16QAM1/2
mob 99%loc
64QAM2/3 po
95%loc
16QAM2/3 po
95%loc
16QAM2/3 pi
70%loc
16QAM2/3 pi
95%loc
C/N (dB)
20.1 21.6 13.0 15.5 22.3 17.2 17.2 17.2
Emed ref calculated for VHF (200 MHz) and UHF (650 MHz)
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Summary of RRC-04 RPC’s for DVB-TRPCs for DVB‑T
RPC RPC 1 RPC 2 RPC 3
Reference location probability
95% 95% 95%
Reference C/N (dB) 21 19 17
Reference (Emed)ref
(dB(µV/m)) at 200 MHz50 67 76
Reference (Emed)ref
(dB(µV/m)) at 650 MHz56 78 88
Typical data capacity (Mbit/s)
20-27 8-24 13-16
(Emed)ref: minimum median equivalent field strength
RPC 1: RPC for fixed roof-level receptionRPC 2: RPC for portable outdoor reception or lower coverage quality portable indoor reception or mobile reception RPC 3: RPC for higher coverage quality for portable indoor reception.
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Application of RRC-04 RPC’s for DVB-T
Interpolation of Reference (Emed)ref (f)
Correction factor
Fixed reception 20log(f/fr)
Portable and mobile reception
30log(f/fr)
Protection ratios from ITU-R Rec. BT.1368
Representative system variant
RPC 1 64QAM 3/4
RPC 2 16QAM 3/4
RPC 3 16QAM 2/3
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
RRC-04 RPC’s for T-DABTable 3.6-3
RPCs for T‑DAB
(Emed)ref: minimum median equivalent field strength
RPC 4: RPC for mobile receptionRPC 5: RPC for portable indoor reception
Reference planning configuration
RPC 4 RPC 5
Location probability
99% 95%
Reference C/N (dB)
15 15
Reference (Emed)ref
(dB(µV/m)) at 200 MHz
60 66
Protection ratios in ITU-R Rec. BS.1660
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Implications when using RPC’s
Advantages
Disadvantages
• Particularly useful when allotment planning is used• Does not require detail planning prior to notification• Allows for the selection of a specific system variant at a
later stage• Simplifies planning by reducing the number of
configurations• Not all technical criteria need be available at planning
time, e.g. protection ratios
• Selected RPC’s may not exactly represent your requirement• Administration still need to make some basic decisions
before planning
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
What is a Reference network (RN)?
An RN is an idealised representation of real networkimplementations.
Reference networks exhibit a high degree of geometrical symmetry and homogeneous transmitter characteristics.
Reference networks are characterised by the parameters:• Number of transmitters • Distance between transmitters• Transmitter network geometry• Transmitter power• Transmitter antenna height• Transmitter antenna pattern• Service area
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Why use an RN?
Allotments have no transmitters associated
An RN represent the interference potential of an allotment
Single transmitter case• Preferable to use real transmitter characteristics and assignments
Reference Single Frequency Networks• Generally larger service areas than a single transmitter• All transmitters may not be known during the establishment of a
frequency plan• Compatibility analysis and synthesis based on the use of a suitable
RN• Plan modifications will rely on RN for allotments not yet converted to
assignments
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Definition of Reference Networks
General design considerations:
• RN’s defined in terms of the service application
• Effective antenna heights set to 150 metres
• Field strength prediction based on ITU-R Rec. P.1546-1
• Statistical field strength summation using k-LNM method
• Design based on noise limited coverage, use power margin to obtain “interference limited” coverage
• Hexagonal service areas
• Hexagonal or triangular network configurations
• Open and closed network structures
• For open network structures the service area is 15% larger than the network structure
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Definition of Reference Networks continued
RN categories:
Reference network
1 2 3 4
Application Large service area SFN
Small service area SFN, dense SFN
Small service area SFN (urban)
Semi-closed small service area SFN where interference should be limited
Service area diameter (km)
161/115/92 53/33/33 53/33/33 46/29/29
Distance between
transmitters (km)
70/50/40 40/25/25 40/25/25 40/25/25
Type of network
Open Open Open Semi-closed
DVB-T
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Definition of Reference Networks continued
RN categories:
Reference network for
RPC 5 RPC 6
Application Mobile Portable indoor
Service area diameter (km)
120 120
Distance between
transmitters (km)
60 60
Type of network Closed Closed
T-DAB
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Implications when using RN’s
Advantages
Disadvantages
• Can represent the interference potential of allotments• Does not require detail planning prior to notification• Allows for the selection of a specific system variant at a later
stage• Not all technical criteria need be available at planning time, e.g.
protection ratios for specific system variants
• Selected RN’s may not exactly represent unique requirements
• Administration still need to make some basic decisions before planning
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Examples of RN’s
FIGURE A.3.7-3RN 2 (small service area SFN)
Border of service area
Antenna discrimination of 12 dB over 240°
Peripheral transmitter
Central transmitter
Distance between transmitters d
Diameter D
FIGURE A.3.7-7Geometry of the RN
Border of service area
Transmitter
Diameter D
Distance between transmitters d
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Notifying allotments
For DVB-T:• Define and notify allotment geographical area• Select the band (VHF or UHF)• Select the reception mode (fixed, mobile or portable, or higher
quality portable indoor)• Select the RPC• Select the type of application (Large SFN, small SFN, small SFN
urban or semi-closed small SFN)• Select the RN• Notify the allotment
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Notifying allotments continued
For T-DAB:
• Define and notify allotment geographical area
• Select the reception mode (mobile or portable indoor)
• Select the RPC and RN
• Notify the allotment
BR/TSD
Москва 2004
Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States
BCD
Спасибо