Download - B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing
B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing
Media Technologies
Digital Photography
Agenda
Digital Principles Camera Types Lens Principles Common Features Legacy Issues
B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing
Media Technologies
Digital Camera Principles
Digital Principles
Filters
Light from scene
Sensor
Analogue Electrical Signal
Analogue to Digital Converter
Digital Signal
White balanceAnti-aliasingCompression
Buffer
Storage
Digital Principles
Size of sensor determines resolution of images
3008
2000
3008 x 2000 = 6,016,000 = 6 Megapixels (6MP)
Buffer size also important - buffer size determines many images you can take in quick succession
Types of Digital Camera
Types of Digital Camera
Compact rangefinder type cameras -Limited features - aimed at general users ( novice / occasional use)
Prosumers Types - aimed at the advanced amateur / semi pro user - more sophisticated functionality - probably has a wide ranging zoom lens - but not interchangeable - affordable price
DSLRs (Digital SLRs) full system cameras with interchangeable lenses and other professional accessories such as dedicated flash systems etc. Expensive as compared with prosumer models
Digital Camera Types
Compact
Prosumer
DSLR (Full Frame Sensor)
Lenses for Digital Cameras
Lenses for Digital Cameras
Question Are digital camera lenses the same as film camera lenses?
Answer Yes - but effect focal length depends on size of digital sensor used in
camera
Lens image circle coverageFull frame 35mm film gate
Lenses Circle Coverage
Sensor not full frame thus any lens will have telephoto effect as compared with equivalent filmcamera lens
Full Frame Sensor
Sensor full frame thus any lens coverage and focal length the same as for film camera lenses
Common Principles
Common Photographic Principles
Subject Matter ‘The Great Themes’ Portraiture Still Life Landscape Social and Documentary
Lighting and Exposure Available light (natural light) Flash Studio
Composition - ‘Rule of Thirds’ Gadgets (Lenses, Tripods, Filters, Bags)
Flash and LightingThree Important features of a flashgun
1. Guide Number - indicates light power available
e.g (30 Meters at 100 ISO) reasonable power for average use
2. Recycling time - how long (in seconds) flash takes to be ready for next
3. Thru-The Lens (TTL) flash metering
Guide number: 165 in feet / 50 in meters 105mm (ISO 100)Charge time: Approx. 6seconds (when using alkaline batteries) Approx 4seconds (when using NiMH batteries)
Pro Flash Lighting
Guide Number = 60 Metres at ISO 100
Pro Lighting -Studio Flash
Continuous background paper
Product Photography
Copy Stands - provide consistent diffuse lighting for photographing product items
Flash Photography Tips
Use the Flash off-camera Bounce lighting from white surface to diffuse lighting
Inverse Square Law - doubling the distance requires four times the light
What’s Changed ?
Changes in the Digital Era
Traditional Photography Take pictures then develop and print using chemical
processes in a ‘Darkroom’ - or send to a film lab Digital Photography
Take pictures then upload to a computer and edit in graphics application or dedicated software application usually bundled with camera - can take a long time!
What images to print - often get left on the computer Professional software available - Aperture and Lightroom Software ‘Media Centres’ replaces the old technology of a
slide projector and slide show Take memory card to digital photo booths etc
The Darkroom
Digital Image Processing in ‘The Light Room’
Image Formats and Software
Formats Uses established image formats such as JPEG and GIF New formats such as RAW - a raw i.e. ‘unprocessed’ image file contains
minimally processed data from the image sensor of a digital camera and must be processed to be used as an editable image such as JPEG or GIF. Contents of RAW files are often considered to be of 'higher quality' than the RGB converted results.
RAW files different for each manufacturer - Adobe has developed .DNG Digital NeGative as a de-facto standard for RAW data to encourage usage of a common RAW format to prevent future legacy issues.
Software Adobe recently released version one of Lightroom - an integrated
digital image editing and photographic library management system (PC & MAC)
Aperture - similar to Lightroom - aimed at professionals - already fairly well established in the professional market
B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing
Media Technologies
Legacy Issues
Digitizing Legacy Formats
Converting film to digital … Scan-in images and transparencies (slides) Scan negatives into a digital format
Nikon Coolscan 5000 ED (35mm)
Nikon Coolscan9000 ED35mm & 120 film (medium format)
Converting Film Cameras ?
35mm film cameras have a common filmchamber design…
Converting Film Cameras
Most 35mm film cameras have interchangeable backs e.g. data backs etc.
Converting Film Cameras
Solution - a digital sensor that fits inside the film chamberand captures images at the film plane
Silicon Film...
Digital sensor film insert fits most SLR cameras!
Silicon Film Cartridge
Sensor
Silicon Film...
Transfer images from cartridge via Photoshop Plug-in
Silicon Film: April 2001
Image imported into Photoshop
Silicon Film 2002 2003
New 10 MP sensor fits most cameras
To be shown at Photokina
Software References
B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia Computing
Media Technologies
www.adobe.com - Lightroom tryout www.apple.com - Aperture tryout