![Page 1: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan
Kazuko Kameda-Madar
Hawaii Pacific University
![Page 2: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Nara Period– Asuka period (552 – 645)
– Nara period (645 – 784)
• Heian Period (794 - 1185)– Early Heian
– Fujiwara
• Kamakura Period (1192 – 1332)
• Muromachi period (1333 – 1573)– Ashikaga Shogunate
– Onin Civil War (1467 – 1477)
• Momoyama period (1573 – 1605)
• Tokugawa (Edo) period (1573 – 1868)
![Page 3: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
KondôGojunotô
Lecture Hall
MiddleGate
Asuka Period 552-645Horyuji Temple, Nara
![Page 4: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Horyu-ji, Great South Gate
![Page 6: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Horyu-ji Great South Gate, Guardian Figures
![Page 7: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Horyu-ji, KondoShaka TriadBy Tori BusshiDated 623Bronze
![Page 10: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Shakyamuni and Prabhutaratna, HebeiProvince, Northern Wei Dynasty, 518, Gilded bronze, Musee Guimet, Paris
Tori Busshi, Horyuji Shaka triad, Asuka period, 623, Bronze
![Page 11: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Hōryuji, Yumedono
![Page 13: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Kannon, Horyuji, Yumedono"Yumedono Kannon“ Gilt woodAsuka period, Early 7th century
![Page 14: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Kudara Kannon, Horyuji KondoCirca 650 Wood with paint and gold
![Page 15: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Horyuji Amida triad, wall painting
Transition from Bodhisattva Padmapani, detail of a wall painting in Ajanta Cave, later 5th century to Horyuji Amida triad, wall painting
![Page 19: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Yakushi triad, YakushijiTemple, Nara, 8th century, Bronze
Vairocana Buddha, Longmen caves, Luoyang, Tang Dynasty, 676, Limestone
Voluptuous style in Yakushi-ji Buddha triad sculpture in Nara is based on Tang Dynasty style
Late Nara Period (Tempyo Period) 710-794
![Page 20: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Todaiji temple, original 8th century, refurbished in late 19th century
![Page 21: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Daibutsu ("Great Buddha")Todaiji temple
Original image: • casting process began 746, completed 752
Current image:
• Body dates to 1192
• Hands date to 16th century
• Head dates to 19th century
![Page 22: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Fukukenjaku Kannon
mid 8th cent. Todaiji 3rd Month Hall Dry lacquer with gilding
![Page 23: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
![Page 24: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Shukongojin 733, painted clay3rd Month Hall at Todaiji
24
![Page 25: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Four directional guardians of Kaidanin, TodaijiMid-8th century. Unfired clay, pigment.
![Page 26: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
GanjinCirca 763Dry lacquer with pigment
![Page 27: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Heian 平安 period (794-1185)
710: Nara period capital Heijōkyō (now Nara) built
784: New capital built in Nagaoka
Abandoned after 10 years
794: Move capital to Heiankyō (Capital of Peace and Tranquillity,
Termination of government sponsored workshops
Restriction of temples in capital
Rise of New Forms of Buddhism (Shingon & Tendai)
894: Trade with continent ended-Japan becomes closed
Fujiwara family becomes most important and serves as regent (sessho) when emperor was child or civil dictator (kanpaku)when emperor was adult
Fujiwara dominated political system by marrying their daughters intoimperial family, especially the emperors
Basis of wealth was income from country estates (shoen) which were often tax exempt and controlled by absentee owners in Kyoto
![Page 29: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Kondo Muroji: Early Heian
![Page 30: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Early Heian sculpture = Jogan style
![Page 32: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Shaka or Yakushi, Muroji, Early Heian
• One block
• Hompa shiki or wave style carving
![Page 33: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Yakushi at Muroji:
Early Heian single block technique
![Page 34: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Yakushi at Jingoji
early Heian 67”
single block
![Page 35: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Shingon Buddhism
• Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism which is revealed, not hidden teachings
• True Word = Shingon
• Mantra = Chant for invoking power of a deity
• Mudra = Symbolic hand gestures
• Gorinnoto = 5 element pagoda (stupa)
• Mandala = schematic representation of deities or symbols of Buddhist ideals
• Three Bodies: Body of transformation, body of emanation, body of essence
• Dainichi Buddha = Great Sun Buddha
• Three Mysteries: body, speech & thought
![Page 38: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Kyo'ogokokuji (Toji) Main Gate and Pagoda
![Page 41: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Esoteric Buddhist Painting of the Heian Period
Mandala of the Two Worlds: Taizōkai Mandala(Womb-World Mandala) Tōji temple Later 9th c, Heian period, Ink, color, gold on silk
Mandala of the Two Worlds: Kongōkai Mandala(Diamond-World Mandala)Toji temple Later 9th c, Heian periodInk, color, gold on silk
![Page 49: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Phoenix Hall (Ho'odo), Byodoin temple. Built 1053.
Late Heian Buddhist ArtRise of Amidaism
![Page 50: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Byodoin, Valley of the Temples Memorial Park (near Kaneohe)
![Page 51: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Phoenix Hall at Night
![Page 52: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Amida Buddhaby JōchōDated to 1053Gilded wood
![Page 53: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Phoenix Hall (Hōōdō 鳳凰堂), Byōdōin temple. Built 1053.
![Page 54: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Celestial musicians and dancers, 1053, Heian period, Wood and pigment
![Page 55: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Yakushi Nyorai, Toji Amida Nyorai, Taimadera
![Page 57: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Shaka (Shakyamuni), 12th century, Heian period Ink, color, kirikane on silk.Hanging scroll
Details with kirikane, urahaku
![Page 58: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Heike nokyo1164 Heian periodHandscrollInk, color, gold and silver on paper
![Page 59: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Thousand armed Bodhisattva, Kamakura period, Kofuku-ji
Kamakura Realism as a revival movement of Asuka/Nara Realism
![Page 61: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Ashura, 7th century Asuka (Nara) period, Kofuku-ji
Classical model of Realism
![Page 62: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Unkei, Priest Muchaku, Kamakura period, Kofuku-ji
Priest Muchaku represents Kamakura Realism
![Page 63: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Kokei, Monk Kuya, Kamakura period, Rokuharamitsu dera
![Page 65: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Thirty-Three Bays Hall, Kyoto 1249 rebuilt in 1266
![Page 66: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Unkei and Kaikei, Thousand armed Bodhisattva, 13th century Kamakura period
![Page 67: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Tentoki Ryūtoki
• Demon lamp bearers, by Koben. 1215.
Wood, paint, bronze, crystal
![Page 68: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Twelve Devas hanging scrolls, 9th century, Saidai-ji, Nara Bishamon-ten, Fū-ten, Enma-ten, Taishaku-ten
Twelve Devas hanging scrolls, Formerly owned by To-ji, 1127, Kyoto National The Museum, Bishamon-ten, Fū-ten, Sui-ten, Taishaku-ten
![Page 70: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Twelve Devas Folding Screens, Takuma Shōga, 1191, Tō-ji, KyotoBishamon-ten, Fū-ten, Enma-ten, Taishaku-ten
![Page 71: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
A set of Four Guardians, 14th century, Kaikodo CollectionBishamon-ten, Fū-ten, Enma-ten, Taishaku-ten
![Page 72: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Hōnen (1133-1212) founder of Pure Land or Jodo sect pting. Attrib. to Takanobu
Shinran (1173-1263)founder of True Pure Land or Jodo Shinshu sect
![Page 73: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Haya Raigōearly 13th Chionin
![Page 74: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Yamagoshi AmidaAmida Crossing Over the Mts.
![Page 75: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Six Realms (Rokudo-e)Decay of the Body
![Page 76: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Nichiren (1222-1282)founder of Nichiren sect(Reveres Lotus Sutra Namu Myoho Renge Kyo)
![Page 77: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Kinkakuji, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
Muromachi Period, Ashikaga Shogunate (Samurai Regime)
![Page 79: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Ginkakuji, The 8th Ashikaga Shogun Yoshimasa
![Page 80: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Dry cascade and pools, Ryoanji, Muromachi period, 1450, 1499, after 1797
![Page 81: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Zen (Chan) Buddhism established in China by Bodhidharma (Daruma
In Japan:
Rinzai Sect: Eisai ( (1141-1215)
Sōtō Sect: Dōgen (1200-1253)
Sesshu Daruma HuiK’o
![Page 82: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
zen = meditationzazen = to sit in meditation
koan = illogical puzzle that provokes insight chinzō = portrait of Zen master
satori = enlightenment
Zen Buddhism began in Kamakura but flourished in Muromachi 1333-1573
![Page 83: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Sesshu Toyo, Muromachi period
Haboku Splashed inkLandscape
The most important painter, who produced haboku (splashed-ink) painting in the Muromachi period
![Page 84: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Portrait of Wu Zhun, 1238
![Page 85: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Shuho Myocho 1334 founder of Daitokuji
![Page 86: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Daruma
![Page 87: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
JosetsuCatching cat-fish with a gourd (Hyōnen-zu)
Mokuan Reien (d. 1345)Four Sleepers
![Page 88: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Muqi, White Robed Guanyin, Monkeys, and Crane, Daitoku-ji, Kyoto, Japan
![Page 89: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Hakuin Ekaku, January 19, 1686 - January 18, 1768), Daruma
Development in Edo period
![Page 90: Buddhism in the Art and Aesthetics of Premodern Japan in the Art and Aesthetics of... · Shingon Buddhism • Esoteric = Mikkyo has secret teachings as opposed to Exoteric Buddhism](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022021504/5a82e08e7f8b9a0c748e6b79/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Mokujiki Shonin (1718-1810)