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Building a Healthier
Community with Inclusive Walk
Audits
2017-2018Mark Fenton
Tufts University
Inclusive walk audit team training, Helena.
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What is a walk audit?
• Facilitated group walk of an area to explore its
support of physical activity & active transportation.
• Usually combined with a feedback and planning
session to develop recommendations for action.
• Effective tool for education, inspiration, & practical
planning. An act of shared discovery!
Louisville KY pedestrian planning
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What is inclusion?
• Including people with disabilities as decision-makers
in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the
walking audit.
• Ideally a team member has training in the Americans
with Disabilities Act and related codes & guidelines,
to provide technical assistance on healthy
community solutions to achieve better outcomes for
all.
Hutchinson KS
Peoria IL
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When?
• During comprehensive &
project planning, public
input & comment.
• Policy review: zoning,
design guidelines, schools.
• Introducing infrastructure;
roundabouts, road diets,
back-in parking; trails.
• Events: walk & bike to
school/work, pop-ups, open
streets, cyclovia, festivals.
Conrad, IABack-in angle parking
Billings
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Agenda, Community Design Workshop:
I. Intros. Discuss community aspirations.
II. Learn. Presentation of tools language, possibilities.
III. Walk. Experience what is working & what is possible.
IV. Work. Proposed programs, projects, & policies.
V. Plan. Next steps & ideally commitments!
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Introductions (typical team).
• Public health.
• Planning, land use.
• Engineering, DPW,
infrastructure.
• Disability insight &
expertise.
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Prosperity
PeoplePlanet
Why?
We should be physically active.
But mostly we aren’t.
Just telling
people isn’t
enough. And it leads to . . .
Creating supportive settings helps.
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Surgeon General’s Report 1996
Physical Activity Guidelines 2008
• 150 min/week; more better.
• Any is better than none.
• Can be broken up.
• 300 min/week for youth.
• Reduced risk for CVD, diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, dementia, clinical depression, cancers . . .
www.health.gov/paguidelinesThis
counts!
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Physical Activity, Chronic Disease, & Disability
MMWR, May 9, 2014, 63(18);407-413
2009–2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
*11.6% of US adult population, approx. 21.5 million adults
*
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Economic access, freedom, dignity, quality of life . . .
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Four elements (three scales) for active design.
www.activelivingresearch.org
Site design
Safety & access
Mix of destinations
Ped, bike, & transit network
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1. Land use. Live, work, shop, play, learn, pray.
Housing above,
retail below.
Compact neighborhoods,
. . . shared open space.
Schools, shopping, health care . . .
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2. Network of facilities:
• Sidewalks, curb cuts, bike lanes, non-motorized pathways.
• Shorter blocks, few cul-de-sacs, more connections.
• Accessible, affordable, frequent transit.
Great Falls
Missoula
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3. Site Design:
Bemidji
• Fully accessible design.
• Buildings at the sidewalk; parking on street or behind.
• Trees, benches, art, lighting, awnings, “human” scale.
• Bike parking!
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4. Safety & access. • Engineering can markedly
improve safety.
• Increasing pedestrian and bike
trips decreases overall
accident & fatality rates.
Curb extensions
Median islands
Roundabouts
(Jacobsen P, Injury Prevention, 2003; 9:205-209.)
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Honolulu walk audits
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So during the walk ask 4 questions:
1. Land use: Different types of destinations;
live, work, shop, play, learn, pray?
2. Network of facilities: Quality accessible
sidewalks, bike lanes, trails; transit?
3. Site design: Buildings at sidewalk or set
back; bike parking; inviting & functional?
4. Safety & access: ADA design, crossings,
traffic (too much, near, or fast); other
dangers or discomfort?
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Three rules during the walk:
• Be careful. Watch for traffic, each other.
• Consider all possible users; all disabilities,
ages, incomes, races, backgrounds . . .
• Score the “stickiness.” 0 if no support for active
transportation; 10 for very encouraging.
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Watch local
users.Saw this locked fence
between housing
& school.
Tacoma WA
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And saw these young people “navigating” around the barrier.
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Whitefish MT
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Paint & flexible bollards
Low cost options (e.g. LQC, lighter quicker cheaper).
Curb stops & planters
Wolcott VT
Billings MT
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Goshen CT - “inexpensive” rural roundabout
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Are you ready to . . . ?
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• Programs: Pop-ups, trials, outreach, demonstrations,education.
• Projects: Improve infrastructure for walk, bike, & transit.
• Policies: Change ordinances, practices, & procedures for active transport.
Anaconda
Livingston
Whitefish
Now time for your thoughts & ideas:
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Goal: Policy change! E.g. . . .
• Complete Streets: All users of all modes, ages, incomes, abilities & disabilities considered in all roadway work (including routine maintenance).
nacto.org
• Zoning: Mixed compact development; open space preservation. smartgrowthamerica.org
• Development guidelines: Fully accessible & visitable retail, housing, services, businesses. ada.gov
• School siting & design. All users, include health & transport costs, focus on non-motorized access.
epa.gov/smartgrowth/
FOR DEVELOPING PEDESTRIA N & BICYCLE PERFORMA NCE MEA SURES
MARCH20 16
fhwa.dot.gov
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For work, don’t sit w/ all the same discipline.
Mix it up! Develop ideas in all three areas:
• Programs: Education, outreach, events, encouragement, demonstrations, trials.
• Projects: Physical infrastructure improvements to support active transport.
• Policies: Laws, ordinances, practices & procedures to create more active settings.
In each have low hanging, easier “first step” ideas, and longer term, more challenging goals (ideally supportive).
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Short term,
low cost
Longer term, more
costly
Programs
Projects
Policies
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Short term,
lower cost
Longer term,
more costly
Programs
Host walk & bike to
school day events;
use checklists.
Identify satellite drop-
off & pick-up areas, w/
walking groups.
Projects
Add paint, signs,
along routes; add
access ramps.
Improve crosswalks,
construct missing
sidewalk/trail links
Policies
City, planning, &
school boards all
sanction, participate
in monthly walks . . .
5-minute safety delay
on car line at dismissal.
Consider universal
access in school siting.
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It’s good to draw on maps to identify where you suggest specific P’s; feel free to draw what you propose/imagine . . .
< Whole team to share your ideas.
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• Share 3-P ideas, look for themes, consensus.
• Early priorities. Agree on some easier first-step ideas, & commit to taking the lead on specific actions & target dates.
• Teams: Identify bigger (harder) goals, teams & leaders, & time frames for action.
Weslaco TX
E.g. Form an accessibility advisory team
Next steps & commitments
Hutchinson KS
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The best audits
embrace the most
perspectives.
< San Jose, checking out a school crosswalk with parents, staff, city officials, students . . .
Inclusive walk audit, Helena MT
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Tips & supporting materials
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Keys to success:
• Interdisciplinary teams. E.g. health, planning,
disability expertise, park & rec, engineering,
economic development, housing, transit . . .
• Pre-scout routes. Typical good and bad
conditions; seek teachable moments.
• Must be a process of shared discovery (not
experts ‘demonstrating’).
• Must be a process of shared solutions, including simple, low-cost options!
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For a successful walk audit:
• Plan teachable moments. Scout for
representative challenges & opportunities.
• Experience both good & bad.
• Walk to real destinations; local guides or
input to select routes.
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Interdisciplinary Inclusive Team Walk Audit (IITWA)
materials.
1. Walk audit pre-scouting guide. What to look at before
selecting/finalizing your route. Helps you make points
relevant to the whole community, not just walk route.
2. Walk audit instructions. Simple overview of process.
3. Walk route checklist. Outlines specific things you will
want to be sure are mentioned during the walk
4. Walk audit map. Sample map/notes for participants.
5. Resources. Be familiar with these before workshop.
6. Action plan template. Simple workshop for planning
next steps.
7. Postcard. Brief evaluation post-workshop.
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