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Product Stewardship InstituteUltimate Disposal of Pharmaceuticals
January 12, 2010
By John G. WaffenschmidtV.P., Environmental Science and Community Affairs
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Leading Producer of Energy-from-Waste• Largest Energy-from-Waste (EfW)
operator in the world– Global presence; local relationships
– North America, Asia & Europe
– 4,000 employees
• 44 EfW facilities owned and/or operated
– Serve more than 12 million people
– 19 million tons of waste per year
– 9,000,000 MW-hr of renewable electricity/yr
– 400,000 tons of metal recycled each year
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Covanta Operates in 18 States and Canada
CovantaNumber one position in the
U.S. Energy-from-Waste industry
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Environmental Management
SystemContinuous Emission Monitoring System
(CEMS)
Odors Burned in Boilers
Ash Wetted
High-temperature Combustion
Acid Gas Scrubbers
Baghouse or ESP
Carbon Injection*
Tall Stack
Manual Stack Tests
Typical Energy from Waste Facility Air Pollution Control Systems
Enclosed Unloading
and Storage Areas
Urea Injection*
* Some Plants
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Alexandria Energy-from-Waste Facility
PermitLimit
2003 – 2007Actual Results
% Below Limit
Particulate (mg/dscm)
27 1.91 92.9%
Dioxin/Furan (ng/dscm)
30 3.81 87.3%
Mercury (µg/dscm) 80 0.62 99.2%
Lead (µg/dscm) 440 4.47 99.0%
Cadmium (µg/dscm) 40 0.25 99.4%
Note: All concentrations corrected to 7%
oxygen.
Actual vs. Allowable Emissions
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Alexandria vs. EU Standard
Lower Limit 2003-2007Actual Results
% Below Limit
Particulate (mg/dscm)
14 1.91 86%
Dioxin/Furan (ng/dscm)
4.1 3.81 7%
Mercury (µg/dscm) 69 0.62 99.1%
Lead (µg/dscm) 702 4.47 99.4%
Cadmium (µg/dscm) 7 0.25 96.4%
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Summary Thoughts• EfW and hazardous waste incineration will provide the
same thermal destruction and environmental protection, 100% destruction, emissions without health risks
• Pharmaceuticals, if not reverse distributed, should never be flushed, they should either be burned or rendered unrecognizable, unusable and landfilled
• Non-hazardous wastes should not be sent to hazardous waste incinerators
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