Intelligence Branch 02/12/0502/12/05
CANADA-US CANADA-US TRANSPORTATION BORDER TRANSPORTATION BORDER
WORKING GROUPWORKING GROUPDECEMBER 5DECEMBER 5THTH , 2002 , 2002
VANCOUVER, B.C.VANCOUVER, B.C.
Intelligence Branch 02/12/0502/12/05
Overview of Presentation
Transportation SecurityTransportation Security The three “I”s of Border SecurityThe three “I”s of Border Security Challenges to the Smart Border Action PlanChallenges to the Smart Border Action Plan
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Transportation - Transportation -
Target of ChoiceTarget of Choice
1990-19991990-1999
20%20%20%20%
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Increase of 25% in Violent Increase of 25% in Violent
Acts Against Acts Against
Transportation Every YearTransportation Every Year
1993-19981993-1998
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Latest Trends Latest Trends InternationalInternational terroristterrorist incidentsincidents
7,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,0000
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Casualties (dead & wounded)
Incidents
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IdentityIntegrity
Intelligence
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Identity
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Transport Canada Automated Fingerprint Identification System
TCAFIS
The FutureThe Future
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TCAFIS OBJECTIVE TTo o electronically collectelectronically collect fingerprints, descriptor fingerprints, descriptor
data, facial images and applicant documentsdata, facial images and applicant documents TTo o electronically submitelectronically submit fingerprints and fingerprints and
applicant descriptor data to the RCMP applicant descriptor data to the RCMP To To electronically receiveelectronically receive criminal records criminal records
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TCAFIS Basic Search Workflow2) HQ Intelligence Branch
1) Tenprint Card Entry
4) TC/SRCCS *Security Reliability Clearance Control
System (SRCCS)
1) Livescan Entry
3) National Police Services Database
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TCAFIS INTEROPERABILITY
For Transport Canada:For Transport Canada: Civil applicationsCivil applications
For police agenciesFor police agencies Criminal transactions & criminal record inquiriesCriminal transactions & criminal record inquiries Civil applicationsCivil applications
For CIC: For CIC: • Refugee, criminal transactions & criminal record Refugee, criminal transactions & criminal record
inquiriesinquiries• Civil applicationsCivil applications
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Biometrics
FingerprintsFingerprints
Iris ScanIris Scan
Voice Voice RecognitionRecognition
Capillary Capillary PatternsPatterns
Facial Facial RecognitionRecognition
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Integrity
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Authentication – Right card, right holderValidation – Valid cardRepudiation – Bad card, bad holder
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Container Integrity
Verifications away from border – all modesVerifications away from border – all modes X-ray gamma machines at ports, near major border X-ray gamma machines at ports, near major border
crossingscrossings Integrity = In transit securityIntegrity = In transit security
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Intelligence
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TC IntelligenceTC Intelligence
CSIS
CSE
DFAIT
Immigration
Customs
RCMPRCMP
SolGen
US Intel
DND
PCO
INDUSTRY
Local PDs
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Intelligence
API/PNRAPI/PNR Domain AwarenessDomain Awareness Information SharingInformation Sharing
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CHALLENGES
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Smart-Border Action Plan TC responsible for 3 initial itemsTC responsible for 3 initial items
– Infrastructure improvementInfrastructure improvement– Domain AwarenessDomain Awareness– Aviation SecurityAviation Security
Interest in other itemsInterest in other items– US Customs preclearanceUS Customs preclearance– Advanced Passenger InformationAdvanced Passenger Information– Critical infrastructure protectionCritical infrastructure protection– Container Targeting at Seaports and Ferry TerminalsContainer Targeting at Seaports and Ferry Terminals– Harmonized commercial processingHarmonized commercial processing– Clearance away from the borderClearance away from the border
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Container Security
CCRA favours risk assessment model at hubs using CCRA favours risk assessment model at hubs using a variety of inspection tolls based on experience at a variety of inspection tolls based on experience at seaportsseaports
USCS favours 100% screening using gamma ray at USCS favours 100% screening using gamma ray at busiest border crossingsbusiest border crossings
HOWEVERHOWEVER USCS screens less than 10% internal trafficUSCS screens less than 10% internal traffic
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Marine Security
High Interest Vessels (HIV) High Interest Vessels (HIV) US Port Security Bill authorizes anti-terrorism US Port Security Bill authorizes anti-terrorism
response teams and sea marshalsresponse teams and sea marshals Canadian law requires justificationCanadian law requires justification Discussions on joint-boarding protocolsDiscussions on joint-boarding protocols
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Port of Vancouver
Vancouver Port spans 9 different municipalities Vancouver Port spans 9 different municipalities Policing the port is not easy as 3 lower mainland Policing the port is not easy as 3 lower mainland
Port Authorities are policed by 13 separate Port Authorities are policed by 13 separate jurisdictionsjurisdictions
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US Entry-Exit Controls
TSA No Fly List not defined + response protocols TSA No Fly List not defined + response protocols unclearunclear
False assumption that Canada is a softer country False assumption that Canada is a softer country BUT BUT 9/11 operatives entered US legally9/11 operatives entered US legally
Need enforcement to track illegal aliensNeed enforcement to track illegal aliens
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Clearance EquivalencyClearance Equivalency
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Equivalency
US Patriot ActUS Patriot Act US Aviation Security ActUS Aviation Security Act US Marine Anti-Terrorism ActUS Marine Anti-Terrorism Act
Cdn Transportation Security Clearance Cdn Transportation Security Clearance
==
US Background ChecksUS Background Checks
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• Security Clearance Program Security Clearance Program
• When institutedWhen instituted
• Check for criminal recordsCheck for criminal records
• Check for credit bureauCheck for credit bureau
• Check for National SecurityCheck for National Security
• Decision makingDecision making
• Period of validityPeriod of validity
yesyes yes yes
19851985 2001 2001
yesyes yes yes
yesyes no no
yesyes FBI Watch FBI Watch ListList
TCTC Private Private IndustryIndustry
5 years5 years n/an/a
CANADACANADA US US
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PRESSURE POINTS SHORT TERM
Aviation ProgramAviation Program
29 to 89 Airports29 to 89 Airports
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PRESSURE POINTS MEDIUM TERM
Bill C 17Bill C 17
- Pilots- Pilots
- Flight Schools- Flight Schools
- Aviation Medicine- Aviation Medicine
- Explosives Handlers (NRCAN)- Explosives Handlers (NRCAN) Marine Transportation Security ActMarine Transportation Security Act Railway Safety ActRailway Safety Act Transportation of Dangerous Goods ActTransportation of Dangerous Goods Act
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BIG CHALLENGE
** Privacy Issues **** Privacy Issues **
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BIOMETRICSWhere are we today?
“ “Our expectation is that because of the Homeland Our expectation is that because of the Homeland Security Initiative and the fact that the department is Security Initiative and the fact that the department is really just rolling out new initiatives… the Canadian really just rolling out new initiatives… the Canadian Government may be a little ahead of the US right Government may be a little ahead of the US right now.”now.”
(http://www.findbiometrics.com/Pages/feature_co_Motorola.html)(http://www.findbiometrics.com/Pages/feature_co_Motorola.html)
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CANADA’SRESPONSE
ON9/11
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DIVERTED PLANES: DIVERTED PLANES: 52,03352,033 TRAINS: TRAINS: 675 675 FERRIES: FERRIES: 1,211 1,211 BUSES: BUSES: 330 330 PILOT SCHOOLS & PERMITS: PILOT SCHOOLS & PERMITS: 5,988 5,988
TOTALTOTAL = 60,237 = 60,237
Persons QueriesPersons Queries
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““We do work with the US. There is a We do work with the US. There is a history of great cooperation on the aviation history of great cooperation on the aviation front between Transport Canada and the US front between Transport Canada and the US DOT and the FAA. That is why I think that DOT and the FAA. That is why I think that of all the departments, right from the of all the departments, right from the moment when the FAA informed us that moment when the FAA informed us that they were closing the skies, we were able to they were closing the skies, we were able to respond in a seamless fashion because the respond in a seamless fashion because the systems, the procedures and the trust were systems, the procedures and the trust were there, going back 50 - 60 years.”there, going back 50 - 60 years.”
(Senate Hearing Ottawa, December 2, 2002)(Senate Hearing Ottawa, December 2, 2002)