Download - Carbon footprint
A Presentation
On
Carbon Footprints
Presented by
OĞUZ İNCE
Information Systems Engineering,
Doğuş University
Environmental Pollution
Environmental Pollution can be defined as any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment i.e. air, water, soil which can cause harmful effects on various forms of life or property.
Pollution: The term pollution can be defined as influence of any substance causing nuisance, harmful effects, and uneasiness to the organisms
Pollutant:- Any substance causing Nuisance or harmful effects or uneasiness to the organisms, then that particular substance may be called as the pollutant.
Types of Pollution
WATER POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION
LAND POLLUTION
NOISE POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION
Municipal Waste Water
Land Pollution
Industrial WastePlastics factories, chemical plants, oil refineries,
nuclear waste disposal activity, large animal farms, coal-fired power plants, metals production factories and other heavy industry all contribute to land pollution.
Air Pollution
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.
A substance in the air that can cause harm to humans and the environment is known as an air pollutant.
Causes of Air Pollution
Carbon dioxide-this happens because of Deforestation and fossil fuel burning.
Sulfur dioxide –Due to the burning of sulfur containing compounds of fossil fuels.
Sulfur oxides- very dangerous to humans at a high concentration. Sulfur in the atmosphere is responsible for acid rain.
Consequences of Air Pollution
CO2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also
partially restricts infrared radiation going back
from the earth into space, which produces the so-
called greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic
cooling of the Earth during the night.
CO2 in atmosphere --> GLOBAL WARMING
Some Proof of Global Warming
Portage Glacier Alaska then….Portage Glacier Alaska now….
Colorado River, As of
June 2002
Colorado River, As of December 2010
INTRODUCTION
Climate change is increasingly recognised as a major
challenge.
Greenhouse gas emissions are the driving force behind
climate change.
Greenhouse GasesGreenhouse gases are those which contribute to the
greenhouse effect . The six regulated gases are:
• Carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Methane (CH4)
• Nitrous oxide (N2O)
• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
• Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)
• Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)
The most influential greenhouse gas for climate change is
carbon dioxide (CO2).
Where does all the Carbon dioxide come from?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released when we burn carbon based
fuels.
Almost all fuels are carbon-based, including:
• Petrol and diesel in our cars, vans and generators.
• Electricity generated from fossil fuel power stations.
• Coal, oil and gas in our power stations (and businesses).
• Jet fuel in aero planes.
Virtually all human activities cause CO2 emissions that lead to
climate change.
Hence every person is responsible for CO2 emissions.
So in actual its ‘carbon dioxide footprint’.
Effect of greenhouse gases on environment
• Easily trap the sun's heat.
• Keep the earth warm.
• Too much gases in the air leads to climate change, what we
call Global warming.
• Methane and nitrous oxide have high heat-trapping capacity
to carbon dioxide.
• But major role is played by carbon dioxide.
Classification of greenhouse gases
• Direct emissions that result from activities of the
organisation controls.
• Indirect emissions from the use of electricity.
• Indirect emissions from products and services.
Classification of Greenhouse gases
GLOBAL WARMING AND THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Difference between Global Warming and the Greenhouse
Effect
Global warming refers to a rise in the
temperature of the surface of the earth.
The Greenhouse Effect is a process by which
thermal radiation from a planetary surface is
absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases,
and is re-radiated in all directions.
What Is A Carbon Footprint?
• A carbon footprint is a measure of the impact our activities have on the environment, and in particular climate change. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day-to-day lives through burning fossil fuels for electricity, heating and transportation etc.
• The carbon footprint is a measurement of all greenhouse gases we individually produce and has units of tonnes (or kg) of carbon dioxide equivalent
• A carbon footprint is "the total set of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by an organization, event, product or person." Greenhouse gases can be emitted through transport, land clearance, and the production and consumption of food, fuels,
• manufactured goods, materials, wood, roads, buildings, and services. For simplicity of reporting, it is often expressed in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide, or its equivalent of other GHGs, emitted.
1-)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8q7_aV8eLUE
2-)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7JlaHeZnP0
TYPE OF FOOTPRINTS
Carbon footprint ranking1) Forest fire – 100 million tons
CO2e
2) Having a child – 700 tons CO2e
3) 2.5 Acres deforestation – 500 tons CO2e
4) A new car – 17 tons CO2e
5) Flight (LA to Spain) – 4.6 tons CO2e
6) A new computer – 720 kg CO2e
7) Road trip: SF to LA – 500 Kg CO2e
8) Light on for a year – 400 kg CO2e
9) $100 on groceries – 62 kg CO2e
10) Moderate cell phone use (year) –47 kg CO2e
11) 10 lbs of trash – 3.1 kg CO2e
12) Beef cheeseburger – 2.5 kg CO2e
13) A pint of beer – 500g CO2e14) Bottle of water – 200g CO2e15) Cycling a mile – 100g CO2e16) Banana – 80g CO2e17) Walking through a door –
10g CO2e18) A web search – 2g CO2e
The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol•A widely used standard for emissions reporting.
•Covers project emissions reporting and corporate emissions
reporting.
•The corporate emissions reporting standard provides a
methodology for calculation of a carbon footprint.
ISO 140645•ISO 140645 is an international standard for corporate
emissions reporting.
•It builds on the approach outlined in the Greenhouse Gas
Protocol.
CARBON CREDITS
• Certificates issued to countries those reduce theiremission of greenhouse gases (GHG) which causes globalwarming.
• Came into existence as a result of increasing awareness ofthe need for controlling emissions.
Key points• One Carbon Credit is equal to one ton of Carbon Dioxide
• Methane and nitrous oxide have approximately 21 timesand 310 times, respectively, the heat-trapping capacity ofcarbon dioxide.
• Reducing methane by one ton is equivalent to reducingcarbon dioxide by 21 tons.
How can we reduce our’scarbon footprint?
1. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
2. Turn off and unplug all electrical appliances when not in use
3. Walk, Cycle, Carpool, Use public transport when possible
4. Take a shower instead of a bath
5. Reuse your shopping bags
6. Close doors to keep heat in
7. Use low energy light bulbs
8. Plant a tree
10. Only turn on the dishwasher/ washing machine when full
12. Separate your rubbish
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJwt9nwCElA
CONCLUSION
• It can be concluded that carbon footprints as well as
carbon credits carries an importance in our daily life.
• Everyone should realize its effect and should try to
protect the nature from its adverse effects.
• The carbon credit business is a rapidly changing
business, and people should be aware that market rates,
protocols, and registration programs can change
quickly.
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