Carlos Eduardo TrivinoOracle Certified AssociateDatabase Administrator
RelationalRelationalObject RelationalObject RelationalInternetInternetInternet PlatformInternet Platform
Where we come from
Introducing
Oracle Database 10g:A Revolution in Database Technology
Oracle: #1 Database Vendor in 2004 Others15,8%
IBM31,6%
Oracle 33,0%
NCR 1,4%Sybase
2,9%
Microsoft15,3%
Source: IDC, July 2004
(Includes License & Maintenance)
Who is #1 in databases?
Oracle Database 10g Goals
Half the Cost Highest Quality of Service
– Highest Availability, Reliability, Security– Highest Performance, Scalability
Easiest to Manage
Problem: Islands of Computation Limited scalability, no resource sharing Must be configured for peak loads Single point of failure Slow to adjust to business needs
FinancialsFinancials
ProcurementProcurement ServiceService
SupplySupplyChainChain
FilesFilesSalesSales HRHR
Grid Computing Eliminates Islands of Computation
Separate serversHigh h/w & s/w costsConfigured for peakSingle point of failureHard to changeDifficult to manage
Shared serversLow cost componentsCapacity on demandFault tolerantFlexibleUnified management
Grid Solution
Coordinated use of many small servers acting as one large computer.
IT Problem
Introducing Oracle 10g
Complete, integrated grid infrastructure
Oracle Grid Computing
Low cost Highest quality of service Rapidly adjusts to meet business needs Unified management
Storage Grid Database Grid
Application Server
Grid
Grid
Control
Grid Computing Defined
Coordinated use of many small servers acting
as one large computer.
Example: In December
Order Entry maxes out processing orders Financials is idling below capacity
Order Entry Financials
Example: In January
Order Entry drops off from season high Financials maxes out on year end close
Order Entry Financials
Grid Fault Tolerance
minutesminutes
< 12 secs< 12 secs
minutesminutes
< 4 secs< 4 secs
Re-establish database connections faster with Oracle 10g infrastructure.
Oracle9i
Oracle 10g
Oracle9i
Oracle 10g
Database App. Server Total Failover Detection Recovery Time Database App. Server Total Failover Detection Recovery Time
< 8 secs< 8 secs
10 - 60 secs10 - 60 secs
10g Performance Metrics
PLSQL up to 2x Table Scans up to 2x SQL Profile Tuning huge Floating point math up to
10x Bulk LOB Update up to
3x Import up to 15x Export up to 35%
Incremental backup up 10x Parallel media recovery
2-4x Backup compression 17x Infiniband interconnect
½ latency, 2x block transfer
TPC-C – Best absolute and best on 4-
way Intel– +28% on same hardware
Business Challenge – How to Scale DBA’s to the Grid ?
Software Maintenance 6%
Ongoing System Management 55%
Installation 6%
Others
15%
Creation & Configuration 12 %
Source: IOUG 2001 DBA Survey
DataLoading 6%
10g initialization parameters
“Basic” parameters:– CLUSTER_DATABASE– COMPATIBLE– CONTROL_FILES– DB_BLOCK_SIZE– DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST– DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n– DB_DOMAIN– DB_NAME– DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST– DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE– DB_UNIQUE_NAME– INSTANCE_NUMBER– JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES
– LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n– LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n– NLS_LANGUAGE, NLS_TERRITORY– OPEN_CURSORS– PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET– PROCESSES– REMOTE_LISTENER– REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE– ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS– SESSIONS– SGA_TARGET– SHARED_SERVERS– STAR_TRANSFORMATION_ENABLE
D– UNDO_MANAGEMENT– UNDO_TABLESPACE
Flashback Versions Query
view the contents of a table as it existed at some point in the recent past(UNDO_RETENTION).
The feature allows the DBA to see the value of a column as of a specific time, as long as the before-image copy of the block is available in the undo segment
Rename Tablespace
Useful in Transportable Tablespace scenarios ALTER TABLESPACE user RENAME to u1;
– Can’t rename SYSTEM or SYSAUX– Tablespace and all datafiles must be online– Can also rename READ ONLY tablespaces
PROD ARCHIVE
Tablespaces and Groups
Huge tablespaces could be separated for maintenance (backup&recovery) reasons
Users still have single point for storing data– CREATE TABLESPACE TS DATAFILE ‘xx’ SIZE 1M
TABLESPACE GROUP G1;– ALTER TABLESPACE NEWTS TABLESPACE
GROUP G1;– ALTER TABLESPACE NEWTS TABLESPACE
GROUP ‘’;– CREATE TABLE T(…) TABLESPACE G1;
Bigfile Tablespaces
Support for sizes up to 8 Exabytes!– 8 000 000 Terabytes– Max 65535 files in database– SYSTEM & SYSAUX can’t be bigfile tablespaces
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE bigtbsDATAFILE '/u02/oracle/data/bigtbs01.dbf‘SIZE 50G EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
8 000 000 000 000 000 000 bytes
Crossplatform Transportable TS
RMAN> CONVERT TABLESPACE sales_1,sales_22> TO PLATFORM ’Microsoft Windows NT’3> FORMAT ’/temp/%U’;...Transporting Tablespaces Between Databasesinput datafile fno=00004
name=/u01/oracle/oradata/salesdb/sales_101.dbfconverted datafile=/temp/data_D-10_I-3295731590_TS-
EXAMPLE_FNO-4_06ek24vlchannel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete,
elapsed time: 00:00:45
Now you can transport an entire database across platforms that share the same endianess (byte ordering) in the release 2.
Crossplatform Transportable DB
Data Pump
A server-managed data transportation tool Direct load/extract capabilities Very high performance/efficient with large
data sets Replacement for exp/imp
– old exp/imp remain supported
PRODData
Warehouse
Data Pump
DataPumpClient
Data Pump
DataPumpClient
Data Pump
Commands expdp/impdp Can use files or direct network transfer Dynamic configuration, resumable operations Client can detach and reconnect Can be parallelized using PARALLEL
– Even loads to/from external text files
Monitored through DBA_DATAPUMP_JOBSexpdp hr/hr dumpfile=chap7:job_tabs.dmp nologfile=ycontent=metadata_only tables=jobs,job_history
Database Encryption(new feature release 2)
•You can encrypt any or all the columns in a table. •Since the data is stored encrypted, all downstream components, such as backup and archived logs, also have the encrypted format
How Transparent Data Encryption works
ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION = (SOURCE= (METHOD=file) (METHOD_DATA= (DIRECTORY=/orawall)))
alter system set encryption key authenticated by "remnant";
alter system set encryption wallet open authenticated by "remnant";
create table accounts ( acc_no number not null, first_name varchar2(30) not null, last_name varchar2(30) not null, SSN varchar2(9) ENCRYPT USING 'AES128') ;
alter table accounts modify (ssn encrypt using 'AES128');
Online Reorg of a Single Partition
partition by range (trans_date) ( partition y03q1 values less than (to_date('04/01/2003','mm/dd/yyyy')),
partition y03q2 values less than (to_date('07/01/2003','mm/dd/yyyy')), partition y03q3 values less than (to_date('10/01/2003','mm/dd/yyyy')))
Begin dbms_redefinition.start_redef_table( uname => 'ARUP', orig_table => 'TRANS', int_table => 'TRANS_TEMP', col_mapping => NULL, options_flag => dbms_redefinition.cons_use_rowid, part_name => 'Y03Q2'); end;
Unlimited DBMS Output
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20000: ORU-10027: buffer overflow, limit of 1000000 bytes ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT", line 32
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT", line 97
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT", line 112
ORA-06512: at line 2
package dbms_output used to be 1 million bytes(release 1)
package dbms_output used to unlimited bytes(release 2)
WRAP Package
PL/SQL program units often contain very sensitive and confidential information about company procedures and trade secrets
begin dbms_ddl.create_wrapped ('create or replace procedure p2 as begin null; end;')end;
Autotrace
Autotrace is now using the DBMS_XPLAN package to display the explain plans. This gives us a much more detailed explain plan.
set autotrace traceonly explain;
Conditional Compilation
Conditional compilation is the ability to make the compiler effectively ignore code (or not)
create or replace procedure p as begin $IF $$debug_code $THEN dbms_output.put_line( 'Our debug code' ); dbms_output.put_line( 'Would go here' ); $END dbms_output.put_line( 'And our real code here' ); end;
alter procedure P compile 2 plsql_ccflags = 'debug_code:true' reuse settings;
Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
Automatic StorageManagement
Eliminates need for conventional file system and volume manager
Capacity on demand– Add/drop disks online
Automatic I/O load balancing– Stripes data across disks to
balance load– Best I/O throughput
Automatic mirroring Easy
ASM – How it Works
Automatic StorageManagement
No volumes: just a pool of storage
Partitions total disk space into uniform sized megabyte units
ASM – How it Works
Automatic StorageManagement
No volumes: just a pool of storage
Partitions total disk space into uniform sized megabyte units
Efficient, online add/remove of disk with automatic rebalancing
ASM – How it Works
No volumes: just a pool of storage
Partitions total disk space into uniform sized megabyte units
Efficient, online add/remove of disk with automatic load balancing
Automatic StorageManagement
Automatic Storage Management Summary
Low Cost– Eliminates need for volume manager and file systems– Works well with inexpensive, modular storage – Better storage utilization– Easy – up to 50% less DBA/Sys Admin work
Fault tolerant Raw disk performance Capacity on demand Automatic I/O load balancing
Storage Grid - Highest Data Protection for Lowest Cost
Storage FailureProtection
ASM Mirroring Human Error Protection
Flashback Logs
Flashback
Corruption Protection
On DiskBackups
Flash Backup Site FailureProtection
RedoShipping
Data Guard
Database Server Grid –Real Application Clusters
Runs Real Applications Proven
– Over 500 production sites– Certified with leading apps
Runs on standard,low cost servers
Fault tolerant Capacity on demand New integrated clusterware
makes it easy everywhere
ERP CRM DW
Database Server Grid –Workload Management
Push-button, online add/drop server to cluster Automatic Load Balancing
– Based on “service” concept– Automatic routing of service connection requests to
appropriate server with lowest load– On server failure, automatic re-allocation of surviving
servers to services– Dynamic load balancing when service levels not met
(coming soon)
Oracle RAC 10g - Only Solution for Enterprise Grids
Mission Critical Quality of Service on Industry Standard, Low Cost Servers
Integrated clusterware makes RAC easy for everyone
Fault tolerant, scales all applications Capacity on demand Automatic load balancing
Oracle 10g Grid ManagementOne-half to one-tenth the cost
Self-Managing Database
OEM Grid Control– Grid-wide
operations– Scale from one to
hundreds of systems with little incremental cost
ERP EMAIL DW
Oracle Database 10gSelf-managing Database
Built-in Intelligent Infrastructure – Code instrumentation– Data warehouse to analyze performance of customer
workloads Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor
– Automatic performance diagnostic engine in the database
Automatic Tuning Optimizer – SQL Profile to tune packaged applications
Automatic PGA and SGA Memory Management Lots more …
Oracle 10g OEM Grid Control
Manages the Oracle Grid environment
Scales to thousands of servers
Application Service Level Management
Configuration Management
– Provisioning– Cloning– Patch Management
ERP EMAIL DW
Business Intelligence on the Grid
Lower Cost– Leverage 10g hardware, software, labor savings– Manage millions of terabytes
Intelligence when you need it– Cross-platform transportable tablespaces– Asynchronous change data capture
More value from your data– Mature OLAP, Data Mining– Improved SQL Analytics – SQL Model Clause
HTML DB –Rapid Web Development Tool
Builds database-driven Web applications For non-programmers App developers and app users just need a
web browser Addresses MS Access proliferation problem
– Supports hosted development and deployment environment
Easy Transition to the Grid
Oracle 10g preserves investment
– Runs all existing apps on clusters
– Moves data to new platforms as fast as FTP
– Low risk - Start small and add capacity on demand
ERP EMAIL DW
Oracle 10g Grid Computing Half the Cost
– Low cost, modular storage and servers
– Complete, integrated software infrastructure
– Half the labor cost Highest Quality of
Service Rapidly Adjust to
Business Needs– Capacity on demand– Load balancing
Easy to Manage
ERP EMAIL DW
Key Technology Innovations
Automatic Storage Management
Flashback Database/Table
Fast Disk-based Backup and Recovery
RAC Workload Management
Rolling Upgrade
Cross-platform Transportable Tablespaces
Exabytes of data SQL Model Clause Self-managing
Database Grid Control HTML DB Integrated software
stack
Next Steps….
Tuesday, 2pm, Larry Ellison, Keynote on 10g Wednesday, 9:45 Chuck Rozwat, Keynote on
10g Wednesday, 2:30 Ken Jacobs, Keynote on
Ease of Management
Key Technical Presentations
Self-managing DB, Monday, 1 pm, Rm 103 HTML DB, Monday, 1 pm, Rm 104 OEM Grid Control, Monday, 2:30 pm, Rm 103 RAC, Monday, 2:30 pm, Rm 104 SQL Model Clause, Monday, 4 pm, Rm 130 High Availability, Tuesday, 11 am, Rm 304 XML DB, Tuesday, 11 am, Rm 130 Grid, Tuesday, 3:30 pm, Rm 102 ASM, Wednesday, 11 am, Rm 103 Streams, Wednesday, 1 pm, Rm 103 OLAP, Thursday, 1 pm, Rm 131
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