CAR/SAM ATN GNSS SEMINAR
VARADERO, CUBA8 MAY 2002
PROCEDURES FOR AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES-
OPERATIONS (PANS OPS ICAO DOC. 8168)
Barry Billmann Federal Aviation Administration
Presentation Presentation GNSS 6.1GNSS 6.1
OVERVIEW
• RESULTS OF OBSTACLE CLEARANCE PANEL (OCP-12) MEETING JULY 1999 CONCERNING GNSS
• CURRENT OCP ACTIVITIES REGARDING GNSS AND AUGMENTED GNSS
• ILS EQUIVALENCE METHODOLOGY FOR CRITERIA DEVELOPMENT
• BAROMETRIC VNAV
• GOALS FOR OCP 13
OCP 12 OUTCOMES-BASIC GNSS
• RESULTS INCLUDED IN PANS OPS AMENDMENT 12
• Effective November 2001
• PANS OPS VOL. I (PILOT INFORMATION)
• Chapter 7 Part II Basic GNSS Procedures
• Equipment Operational Characteristics
• Equipment Performance Characteristics
• Annex 10 Information Augmented with RTCA DO - 208
• VOL. I MATERIAL TO BE UPDATED WITH AMENDMENT 13
• OTHER PRODUCTS – CHARTING AND PROCEDURE NAMING
OCP 12 OUTCOMES-BASIC GNSS
• PANS OPS VOL. II CRITERIA BASED ON ANNEX 10 PERFORMANCE & BASIC GNSS AVIONICS REQUIREMENTS
• BASIC GNSS RNAV CRITERIA
• Non-Precision Approach (LNAV)
• Departure Criteria
• Terminal Arrival Criteria
• BAROMETRIC VNAV CRITERIA
• LNAV/VNAV
• Criteria Will Be Updated at OCP-13
OCP 12 OUTCOMES-BASIC GNSS
• GNSS RNAV CRITERIA USES BOTH ACCURACY AND INTEGRITY PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
• Criteria is Tighter than DME/DME RNAV or VOR/DME Criteria
• Uses Linear Nature of GNSS Navigation System Error
• US TERPS & PANS OPS CRITERIA CONSISTENCY
• Differences in Barometric VNAV Surfaces
CURRENT OCP ACTIVITIESBASIC GNSS
• FOCUS IS ON VERTICALLY GUIDED APPROACHES IN RESPONSE
TO ICAO CFIT INITIATIVE
• DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL PROTECTION SURFACE FOR VERTICALLY GUIDED APPROACHES
• Similar to US TERPS Glideslope Qualification Surface (GQS)
• PANS OPS VOL. I
• Update Pilot Information on Multi-Sensor RNAV
• Include Information on Barometric VNAV Procedures
• COLD TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION INFORMATION FOR
BAROMETRIC VNAV PROCEDURES IN VOL. I & II
• PANS OPS VOL. II AMENDMENTS
• Update Barometric VNAV Criteria
• Closer to US TERPS Criteria
• Visual Protection Surface For Vertically Guided Approaches
• Slightly Steeper than Annex 14 Surface
CURRENT OCP ACTIVITIESBASIC GNSS
Dual Element Temp. Probe & Air Data Sensor
Static Source (2)Pitot Tube (2)
VNAV SENSOR ELEMENTS
CONVAIR COLD TEMP TESTING
COMPARISON WITH PANS OPSALTITUDE ERROR FOR –10oC
HAA* 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1500 2000
PANS 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200
TEST
MEAN11 17 25 37 45 52 61 72 82 127 168
TEST
MEAN +
2 SD41 42 49 59 69 76 88 98 110 161 225
Notes: All Values In FeetHAA = Height Above Airport
COMPARISON WITH PANS OPSALTITUDE ERROR FOR –20oC
HAA* 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1500 2000
PANS 30 50 60 70 90 100 120 130 140 210 280
TEST
MEAN11 14 23 34 44 56 68 78 89 142 202
TEST
MEAN +
2 SD68 64 75 83 90 95 119 136 146 206 252
Notes: All Values In FeetHAA = Height Above Airport
Flight Profile (10C020602P1)
0.0
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0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
Range to Threshold (nm)
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Flight Path 3.3 deg GPA
Altitude Error (Relative to TSPI) (10C020602P1)
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-100.0 -50.0 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0
Altitude Error (ft)
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GPA Baro Vdev#1 Vdev#2
Angle Variation (3.3 deg GPA) (10C020602P1)
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2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
Angle (deg)
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GPA Baro Vdev#1 Vdev#2
Temperature Profile (10C020602P1)
0.0
500.0
1000.0
1500.0
2000.0
-20.0 -15.0 -10.0 -5.0 0.0
Temperature (deg C)
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Lapse Static#1 Static#2
Steeper than Standard LapseRate:
Lapse Rate LessensClose to Surface
“Conservative” ErrorIn GPA Close to DA &Excellent CompensatedPerformance
BASIC GNSS HELICOPTERPOINT-IN-SPACE PROCEDURES
CURRENT OCP ACTIVITIES-SBAS
• SATELLITE BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEM (SBAS) VOL. I MATERIAL DRAFTED
• SBAS VOL. II MATERIAL
• SBAS Precision Approach Criteria
• SBAS Terminal Criteria
• SBAS VOL. II MATERIAL DIFFERENTIATING BAROMETRIC VNAV PERFORMANCE FROM SBAS VERTICAL PERFORMANCE
• NEW SBAS APPROACH PERFORMANCE SERVICE - LPV• Lateral Performance Equivalent to Localizer (HAL = 40 m)• Vertical Performance (20 m < VAL < 50 m)
CURRENT ACTIVITIES-GBAS
• GROUND BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEM (GBAS) VOL. I MATERIAL
• Differences Between SBAS and GBAS
• ILS Look Alike Performance on Final Approach Segment
• Lateral & Vertical Deviations and Distance to Threshold
• GROUND BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEM (GBAS) VOL. II MATERIAL
• Precision Approach Criteria
• Use of ILS Cat. I Collision Risk Model for GBAS Procedure
Design
CURRENT ACTIVITIESILS EQUIVALENCY
• DEMONSTRATE GBAS AND SBAS ACCURACY PERFORMANCE EQUIVALENT TO CAT. I ILS
• OCP-12 REPORT DESCRIBED METHODOLOGY• Well Structured Flight Tests• TSE Performance Per Collision Risk Model Manual• TSE, FTE, NSE Performance Per RNP Manual For Approach, Landing & Departure Operations (Draft)
• RESPONSE FROM 2 STATES AND 1 ORGANIZATION
• RESULT: EQUIVALENCE DEMONSTRATED• Criteria to be Based on Existing ILS Criteria
KING AIR GPS INSTALLATION
EUROCONTROL/UK NATS GBAS TRIALS
OTHER CURRENT ACTIVITIES
• DEVELOP CRITERIA SPECIFICALLY FOR BAROMETRIC VNAV
• DEVELOP SBAS TERMINAL CRITERIA THAT IS MORE
STRINGENT THAT BASIC GNSS TERMINAL CRITERIA
• FINALIZE SBAS APPROACH PERFORMANCE LEVELS
• GNSS PANEL
• OBSTACLE CLEARANCE PANEL
• OPERATIONS PANEL
PLANS FOR OCP - 13
• MEETING IN MONTREAL IN OCTOBER 2002
• RESULTING AMENDMENTS TO BE EFFECTIVE NOVEMBER 2004
• PANS OPS VOL. I AMENDMENTS FOR:
• Basic GNSS with Barometric VNAV
• SBAS Performance Levels
• GBAS Described as ILS Look Alike Procedure
PLANS FOR OCP - 13
• DESCRIPTION OF NEW SURFACE CALLED THE VISUAL PROTECTION SURFACE FOR VERTICALLY GUIDED APPROACHES
• ADMENDMENT OF BASIC GNSS BAROMETRIC VNAV CRITERIA
• SBAS AMENDMENTS
• Terminal and Precision Approach Criteria
• OTHER ACTIVITIES
• Precision and “LOC” Only Criteria
• Use of Cat. I ILS Collision Risk Model
• Helicopter Point-in-Space Criteria