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Causes of World War ICauses of World War I
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Background causesBackground causes Imperialism Imperialism - Germany felt it deserved more - Germany felt it deserved more
colonies in Africa and Asiacolonies in Africa and Asia Nationalism Nationalism - Europeans had strong feelings of - Europeans had strong feelings of
pride toward their own countriespride toward their own countries MilitarismMilitarism - belief that a nation needs a large - belief that a nation needs a large
militarymilitary Alliances - Alliances - Europe had divided into two Europe had divided into two
opposing alliances: opposing alliances: Central PowersCentral Powers - Austria- - Austria-Hungary, Germany, the Ottoman Empire, and Hungary, Germany, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria, Bulgaria, AlliesAllies - Serbia, Russia, France, Great - Serbia, Russia, France, Great Britain, and ItalyBritain, and Italy
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Event that started WWIEvent that started WWI
June 28, 1914 June 28, 1914 Serbian shot and Serbian shot and killed Archduke Franz killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to Ferdinand, heir to Austria-HungaryAustria-Hungary
Austria declared war Austria declared war on Serbia, war beganon Serbia, war began
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How WWI was foughtHow WWI was fought
Trench warfareTrench warfare - - troops stayed in troops stayed in trenches and fired at trenches and fired at each other. Trenches each other. Trenches stretched across stretched across France to SwitzerlandFrance to Switzerland
Also used: tanks, Also used: tanks, machine guns, poison machine guns, poison gas, airplanes, and gas, airplanes, and U-U-boatsboats (German (German submarines)submarines)
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Machine Guns & Poison Gas Masks
Trenches
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Poison Gas
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U Boats
Airplane & Zeppelin
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America’s Path to WarAmerica’s Path to War
Pres. Wilson wanted Pres. Wilson wanted a policy ofa policy of neutrality neutrality (refusing to take (refusing to take sides)sides)
May 1915, German May 1915, German U-Boat torpedoed the U-Boat torpedoed the British ship British ship LusitaniaLusitania, , turning many turning many Americans against Americans against GermanyGermany
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Zimmermann TelegramZimmermann Telegram Discovered by the British. Discovered by the British. Germany wanted Mexico Germany wanted Mexico to join war. In return, to join war. In return, Germany would help Germany would help Mexico their territories Mexico their territories back from America.back from America.
March 1917 - German March 1917 - German submarines sank three submarines sank three American ships. Pres. American ships. Pres. Wilson declared war in Wilson declared war in April.April.
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