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Cavitation in Microfluidics
Kavitace v mikrofluidice
Academic Year:2015 / 2016
Martin HOLUBSupervisor:
doc. Ing. Pavel RUDOLF, Ph.D.
„Time is the most valuable thing a man can spend.“Theophrastus (370–285 BC)
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Cavitation Microfluidics
Cavitation on hydrofoil [1] Microfluidic chip [2]
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Thesis Goals
• Introduction, definition of fundamental terms
• Literature research and report on the state-of-the-art technology
• CFD for the flow in micrometer-sized channel
• Design of experiment
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Cavitation Chemistry & Other Effects
Luminescence [5]
Single bubble collapse near the wall [4]
…… 𝐻2𝑂2
𝐻 • 𝑂𝐻•
𝐻2𝑂Energy
Mechanical, heat and chemical effects→ Applications
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Luminescence [5]
Single bubble collapse near the wall [4]
Cavitation Chemistry & Other Effects
…… 𝐻2𝑂2
𝐻 • 𝑂𝐻•
𝐻2𝑂Energy
Mechanical, heat and chemical effects→ Applications
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Luminescence [5]
Single bubble collapse near the wall [4]
…… 𝐻2𝑂2
𝐻 • 𝑂𝐻•
𝐻2𝑂Energy
Cavitation Chemistry & Other Effects
Mechanical, heat and chemical effects→ Applications
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Microscale Cavitation
Bubbles completely filling microchannel [6]
Cases relevant for comparison [6], inception,
choking
𝜎=𝑝𝐷𝑆−𝑝𝑣
12𝜌𝑣𝑐
2
Device Description
0.284 0.242
0.38 0.299
0.24 0.171
0.301 0.252
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Microchannel
𝑅𝑒𝑐=𝜌𝑣 ∙𝐿𝑐
𝜇 [− ]
Case No.
#1 102.5 0.365#2 130 0.415#3 158 0.465#4 186.5 0.515#5 213 0.565#6 241 0.615
Dimensions of microchannel, given in micrometers. BCs locations and types are indicated
Overview of solved cases
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Solution Monitor – Vapor Fraction Fast Fourier Transform
Microchannel
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Stable liquid jet surrounded by two broad and long vapor bubbles that
touch the walls [7]
Wavy pattern of cavity boundary [6]
𝜎=0.365
Microchannel
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Vapor Volume Fraction Frequency
Microchannel
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Millichannel
Millichannel geometry and BCs, all dimensions in micrometers
Case No.#1 14 5.67#2 20 2.95#3 60 0.53
Overview of solved cases
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Vapor fraction = 0.2 in brick-
shaped chamber
𝜎=0.53
Vapor fraction in constriction,
high void fraction in red
Millichannel
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Pressure dropTemperature of bubble
collapse
Source: [8]
Millichannel
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Design of Experiment
Microfluidic channel with packaging module (Courtesy of D. Jasikova TUL)
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Schematics of experimental setup
Design of Experiment
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Main Outcomes• Recommendations for
future research work• Periodicity of solution• Strengths and weaknesses
of laminar model• Design of experimental
setup and procedure with μ-PIV
• Phases distribution• Regions of recirculation
and potential mixing• Overview of state-of-the-art
research• CFD guidelines for future
students
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Sources of Images[1] FRANC, Jean-Pierre a Jean-Marie MICHEL. Fundamentals of cavitation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005, xxii, 300 p. ISBN 978-904-8166-183.
[2] news.stanford.edu/news/2006/january18/gifs/fluidicschip.jpg
[3] GOGATE, Parag, Irfan SHIRGAONKAR, M. SIVAKUMAR, P. SENTHILKUMAR, Nilesh VICHARE and Aniruddha PANDIT Cavitation reactors: Efficiency assessment using a model reaction. AIChE Journal [online]. Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company, 2001, 47(11), 2526-2538 [cit. 2015-12-19]. DOI: 10.1002/aic.690471115. ISSN 00011541.
[4] brookbubble.weebly.com/uploads/7/8/1/6/78160850/5575735.gif
[5] DUPLAT, Jérôme a Emmanuel VILLERMAUX. Luminescence from Collapsing Centimeter Bubbles Expanded by Chemical Reaction. Physical review letters [online]. 2015, 115(9), 094501 [cit. 2016-
06- 06].
[6] MISHRA, C. a Y. PELES Size scale effects on cavitating flows through microorifices entrenched in rectangular microchannels. Microelectromechanical Systems, Journal of [online]. USA: IEEE, 2005, 14(5), 987-999 [cit. 2015-12-19]. DOI: 10.1109/JMEMS.2005.851800. ISSN 10577157.
[7] MISHRA, Chandan a Yoav PELES. Flow visualization of cavitating flows through a rectangular slot micro-orifice ingrained in a microchannel. Physics of Fluids [online]. AIP, 2005, 17(11), 13602-13616 [cit. 2016-04- 10]. DOI: 10.1063/1.2132289. ISSN 10706631.
[8] ROOZE, Joost, Matthieu ANDRÉ, Gert-Jan GULIK, David FERNÁNDEZ-RIVAS, Johannes GARDENIERS, Evgeny REBROV, Jaap SCHOUTEN a Jos KEURENTJES. Hydrodynamic cavitation in microchannels with channel sizes of 100 and 750 micrometers. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics [online]. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2012, 12(1), 499-508 [cit. 2015-12-19]. DOI: 10.1007/s10404-011-0891-5. ISSN 16134982.