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Cell Growth and Division
Chapter 10
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Why do cells divide?
• Cells divide to allow the organism to grow and to repair damaged tissue
• Cells grow, then divide. Why don’t they keep growing?
• Large cells do not have enough DNA to function.
• Large cells could not diffuse oxygen and nutrients efficiently. *Agar block lab*
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Cell division in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes:
• Prokaryotes – single chromosome is copied and the cell splits.
• Eukaryotes – All chromosomes must be copied into sister chromatids, held together by a centromere. The copies are then split apart in a process called MITOSIS. The cytoplasm is then split by CYTOKINESIS.
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The Cell CycleCell cycle
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Main steps of mitosis: “IPMAT”
• Interphase – The cells grows and replicates DNA and centrioles.
• Prophase – DNA wraps up into chromosomes. The nuclear membrane dissolves.
• Metaphase – Chromosomes line up. Spindle fibers created by the centrioles attach to the centromere..
• Anaphase – The will spindle fibers will pull the sister chromatids apart
• Telophase – chromosomes at opposite ends, the nuclear membrane re-forms.
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Live video of mitosis:
•Cell division
•Newt cell division
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Mitosis Lab Microscope Images
• Onion Root Onion Root tiptip
• Low PowerLow Power
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Onion Root tip – High Power
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Whitefish blastula – Low Power
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Whitefish blastula – High Power
• What What phase phase is this is this cell in?cell in?
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Duration of mitosis phases…