Download - Cells
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CELLS
Let´s remember!
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All organisms are made up of cells.
The smallest functional and structural unit.
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WHAT DO CELLS HAVE IN COMMON?
DNA
The genetic material that provides instructions for all cell processes.
Prokaryotic EukaryoticDNA is not contained in DNA is contained in
an a nucleus. organelle called nucleus.
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CytoplasmIncludes the fluid and the organelles.
OrganellesSpecialized to perform a specific function.
Cell MembraneA protective layer that controls the materials
that enters or exit the cell.
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EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Animal Plant Mitochondria: cellular respiration. Ribosomes: makes proteins. Endoplasmatic Reticulum: makes proteins or lipids. Golgi Complex: deliver proteins and lipids.Lysosomes: contains Cell Wall: provides
digestive enzymes . support. Large vacuola: storage. Chloroplasts:
photosynthesis.
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HOW WAS THE EUKARYOTIC CELL ORIGINATED?
Endosymbiotic Theory
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Videos
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EVIDENCE?
Membranes
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EVIDENCE?
Membranes
DNA
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EVIDENCE?
Membranes
DNA
Reproduction
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WE ALL SHARE THE SAME ANCESTOR...
LUCA: Last Universal Common Ancestor.
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FROM UNICELLULAR TO MULTICELLULAR
Unicellular: Eukaryotic Prokaryotic
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When a cell grows in size it needs more nutrients and produces more waste.
In addition the internal organization of the cell gets more complicated because all functions are disperse in a bigger space.
It is necessary that cellular size is mantein small to favour reactions and exchange with the outside.
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MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS They can reach a big size because they are
made up off lots of cells!
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WHAT IS THE STRATEGY? Cell Specialization: cells differ in size and
function: they perform different roles.
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The cells cooperate with each other to achieve the functionality of the whole organism.