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CH. 7
L1 A
ND 2
SU
NS
AN
D P
L AN
ET
S B
Y : C
AM
ER
ON
& B
RO
OK
LYN
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WHAT IS THE SUN?
• The Sun is an average-sized star made mostly of hydrogen and helium.
• It is the central and largest body in our solar system.
• The sun is a ball of hot gas that gives off energy.
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PARTS OF THE SUN• Photosphere: The part of the Sun that gives off light energy.
• Chromosphere: The layer above the photosphere
• Corona: The outermost layer.
• Sunspots: Parts of the Sun that are darker because they are not as hot as the other parts of the sun.
• Prominence: An eruption on the Sun that looks like a ribbon of glowing gases.
• Solar flares: similar to volcanoes, give of forms of solar energy, a bright spot on the sun.
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THE SOLAR SYSTEM
• The solar system is made of the Sun, its planets, moons, asteroids and comets
• Every object in the solar system revolves around the sun in a path called orbit.
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PLANETS
• Planets are large round object s that move around a star, such as the sun.
• Planets stay in their orbits because of gravity.
• Instead of orbiting in a straight line, gravity causes them to move in an ellipse around the Sun.
• Planets are cooler and smaller than stars.
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GRAVITY AND THE MOON• The Moon is the satellite of
Earth.
• A satellite is an object that orbits another object in space.
• All of the planets have at least one moon except for Mercury and Venus.
• Gravity is a force of attraction between objects.
• The Sun and each of its planets are attracted to each other because of gravity.
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ORBITING THE SUN
• As the moon is orbiting the Earth, both the Moon and Earth are orbiting the Sun.
• The planet –moon systems stay together as they orbit the sun.
• Gravity between a planet and its moons keeps the moon in orbit.
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FREE FALLING
• When you free fall, you are falling in space. Along with your spaceship.
• The spaceship falls all the way around Earth in an orbit.
• Gravity pulls on the ship and astronauts but they do not feel the effect.