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Ch.13 World Wave Climate
Ch.14 Forecasting the Waves Science of Forecasting Waves
GNM 1136Mr. Werner
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What do you want to know about your destination before you travel there?◦ Surf Consistency◦ Temperatures (land and water)◦ Wind Patterns◦ Animal Life (sharks, jellies, etc…◦ Type of Break (reef, rocks, sand, etc…)◦ Localism◦ Language Barriers◦ Lodging
Questions to Consider
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Satellites – radar altimetry Article Link
Wave Measurements from Space
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When is the North Atlantic more active? South Pacific? (fig.13.1, 13.2) How do these maps relate to surfable wave
heights?◦ Why are the two ocean basins so different?
Challenge
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Hawaii Europe Mediterranean Africa Indian Ocean East Asia Australia New Zealand
North Pacific North America Caribbean Mexico/Central
America South America S. Pacific Islands
Wave Climate Zones
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Biggest Waves on Earth? (Fig. 13.3) World’s Biggest Tsunami Rogue Wave Observations off the US West C
oast New York Times Bermuda Triangle – National Geographic
Video
Wave-Current Interaction
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Ch.14 Forecasting the Waves
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Derived from multiple mathematical models◦ Wind = atmospheric calculations – layers◦ Waves = grid system
Computer calculates predictions every 20 minutes for approximately 10 days = a model “run”
Each calculation builds off of the previous one. Done twice a day. Smooth color lines are used to differentiate
between wave heights. Wave model is highly dependant on Wind model.
About Wave Models
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Significant wave height – Hs or H1/3 = average height of 1/3 of all the waves
Significant Period – Ts – average period of about 10-15 successive prominent waves
Peak Period – period on spectrum that contains the most energy. Similar to Ts.
Wave height and period examples
Wave Height & Period
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Current data – not predicted (Table 14.1) Look at trends (36 hours) – Multiple uses Delaware Buoy Will the wave height be the same on the
beach?
Buoy Reports
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Surface weather analysis chart Lab Activity
Understanding Weather Maps
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How to Read a Wave Model NOAA – Understanding Wavewatch III Wavewatch III Current Model –WW3 http://stormsurf.com/
Wavewatch III Model
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Wave Models can be very tricky because of local bathymetric effects.
Do not rely entirely on one model – combine all models together for the best results.
Look at local winds, tides, period and direction
Be Careful
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“The wave models provide an easy to read analysis and forecast of sea state conditions two times per day for 3 days (for the NOAA Suite) and one week (for the FNMOC Suite). The precaution about using wave models for swell prediction is doubly important. It's a model that uses a model to make a prediction. That is, the wave model uses an atmospheric model to determine the future state of the atmosphere, then makes a prediction of how the atmosphere will affect the water under it. So there's lot's of room for error.”
Quote from Stormsurf.com