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• Image processing stems from two principal applications:– Improvement of pictorial information– Processing of image data for storage,
transmission and representation
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Preview• Image processing stems form two principal
applications:– Improvement of pictorial information– Processing of image data for storage,
transmission and representation
• Objectives– Define the scope of the field– Give a historical perspective of the origins of
the field– Give an idea of the state of the art
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1.1 What is image processing
• Def. of spatial coordinates• The intensity of the gray level• Refers to processing digital images by means of a
digital computer• Def. of picture elements, image elements, pels, pix
els• Human are limited to the visual band of electroma
gnetic (EM)• Three types of computerized processes: low-, mid-
and high-level processes
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The Origins of digital image processing
• Human Perception
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Chapter 1. Introduction
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Preliminary skill
• Digital signal processing– Frequency domain
• Statistics• Algebra• Optimization• Calculus • Artificial intelligence• Write programs with C language or Matlab
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1.3 Examples of fields that use digital image processing
• Industry
• Agriculture
• Medical diagnosis
• Material surface imaging and visualization
• Astronomy
• Remote sensing– Resource exploring
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1.3.1 Gamma X-ray Imaging
• Nuclear medicine – PET ( positron emission tomography)
• Astronomical observation
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1.3.2 X-ray Imaging• Digital images are obtained by
– Digitizing X-ray film– Having the X-rays that pass through the patient fa
ll directly onto devices that convert X-rays to light
• Angiography:for Contrast enhancement radiography• Computerized axial tomography • Industrial Processes: examine defects of circuit boar
ds
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1.3.3 Imaging in the Ultraviolet Band
• Lithography
• Industrial inspection
• Microscopy
• Laser
• Biological imaging
• Astronomical observation
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