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CHAPTER 1:Language in Our Lives
Language Development in Early Childhood EducationFourth Edition
Beverly W. Otto
Adapted by Dr. Laura Taddei
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-2
Reflect on your own experiences
Individually reflect on your own experiences with language
Some questions to consider – what was your home language?
Did you interact with others who came from a different language background?
Did you travel to another area where a different language or dialect was spoken?
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-3
What is language?
• A medium of communication
• An essential component of all cultures
• A system of symbols by which we clarify our thinking
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-4
What language competencies are needed by children?
• Oral language• Listening and speaking
• Written language• Reading and writing
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-5
Overview: Aspects of Language Knowledge
• Phonological
• Semantic
• Syntactic
• Morphemic
• Pragmatic
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-6
Activity – Small Groups
Pages 4 to 13 – each group will be assigned one of the aspects of language and describe/illustrate what their aspect means:
Group 1 – Phonological
Group 2 – Semantic
Group 3 – Syntactic
Group 4 – Morphemic
Group 5 - Pragmatic
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-7
Phonological Knowledge
• Knowledge of the sound-symbol relationships in a language
• Discrimination of speech sounds precedes the ability to produce those sounds
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-8
Phonological Knowledge Key Concepts
• Phoneme
• Phonological awareness
• Prosodic features
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-9
Semantic Knowledge
• Knowledge of word labels that specify concepts• Receptive knowledge• Expressive knowledge
• Schemata • Cognitive structures representing interrelations between concepts
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-10
Syntactic Knowledge
• Knowledge of the system of rules for combining words in meaningful phrases and sentences
• Syntax- word order or grammar
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-11
Morphemic Knowledge
•Knowledge of word structure• Morphemes
• Free morphemes• Bound morphemes
• Derivational• Inflectional
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-12
Pragmatic Knowledge
• Knowledge of how language is used differently in different settings• Social-cultural settings
• Register• Genderlect• Written texts and genre
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-13
Levels of Language Knowledge
• Linguistic knowledge
• Metalinguistic knowledge
• Verbalization of metalinguistic knowledge
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-14
Modes and Forms of Language Competencies
• Oral language• Listening and speaking
• Written language• Reading and writing
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Otto. Language Development in Early Childhood Education, 4e. © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
1-15
Critical Role of Children’s Oral Language Competencies
• Provide basis for learning written language system
• Enable effective communication during
learning activities and social interactions