![Page 1: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 10
Chemical Reactions
![Page 2: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations
Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged to form different substances
Evidence of chemical reactions: (fig 10.1) Temperature change—release energy in the
form of heat & light Color change Odor is detectable Gas bubbles Appearance of a solid (precipitate)
![Page 3: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations
Reactants—starting substances Products—substances formed during
reaction An arrow () separates products from
reactants. You would read the arrow as “react to produce” or “yield.”
![Page 4: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations
Physical states of matter are shown in parentheses. (s) = solid (l) = liquid (g) = gas (aq) = aqueous; water solution
![Page 5: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Word Equation Iron(s) + chlorine(g) iron(III)
chloride(s)
Skeleton Equation—use chemical formulas rather than words Fe(s) + Cl2(g) FeCl3(s)
![Page 6: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ex. Solid carbon & solid sulfur(S8) react to form solid carbon disulfide.
Work practice problems 1-3.
![Page 7: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Practice
1. hydrogen(g) + bromine(g) hydrobromic acid (aq)
2. carbon monoxide(g) + oxygen(g) carbon dioxide(g)
3. potassium chlorate(s) potassium chloride(s) + oxygen(g)
![Page 8: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Word & skeleton equations lack important information. A true chemical equation must show that matter is conserved.
![Page 9: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Balancing Chemical Equations Use coefficients—whole # written in front of a formula Do NOT use 1 as a coefficient in balancing. The coefficient represents the lowest whole number
ratio.1. write the skeleton equation.2. count the atoms of reactants & products one at a time.
(count individual elements in polyatomic ions)3. change the coefficient to make the number of atoms of
each element equal on both sides of the arrow **NEVER BALANCE BY CHANGING THE
SUBSCRIPTS** **SAVE OXYGEN & HYDROGEN FOR LAST**
![Page 10: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Balancing equations
Example:N2(g) + H2(g) NH3(g)
![Page 11: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Practice: Balancing equations
1. H2(g) + Br2(g) HBr(g)
2. CO(g) + O2(g) CO2(g)
3. KClO3(s) KCl(s) + O2(g)
4. Carbon & sulfur react to form carbon disulfide.
![Page 12: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
** Balance…
![Page 13: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
10.2 Classifying Chemical Reactions
1. SYNTHESIS reaction- two or more substances react to form a single product.
A + B AB
Na + Cl2 __________
![Page 14: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Example: Synthesis Rxn
Mg + N2
Mg+2 N-3
Mg3N2
![Page 16: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Practice: Synthesis Rxn
__________ CaO
Iron (III) + Oxygen __(formula)____________
![Page 17: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
10.2 Classifying Chemical Reactions
2. Combustion reaction- O2 combines with a substance often forming CO2 &/or H2O. (Similar to synthesis)
H2 + O2 H2O
___ + O2 CO2
![Page 18: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Example: Combustion Rxn
CH4(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g)
![Page 20: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Practice: Write a balanced equation & determine type of reaction
1. The solids aluminum and sulfur(S8) react to produce solid aluminum sulfide.
2. The gases nitrogen dioxide and oxygen react to produce dinitrogen pentoxide gas.
3. Ethane gas (C2H6) burns in air to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapor.
![Page 21: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
10.2 Classifying Chemical Reactions
3. Decomposition reaction- a single compound breaks into 2 or more new compounds.
AB A + B Na3N (s) __ (s) + __ (g)
![Page 22: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Decomposition of sugar
![Page 24: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Example: Decomposition Rxn
___________ Hg (l) + O2 (g)
assume it is mercury (II)
![Page 25: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Practice: Decomposition Rxn
1. Al2O3(s) ________+_______
2. Aqueous nickel(II) hydroxide decomposes to produce nickel(II) oxide & water.
3. Cu2S ___________
![Page 26: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Classify the reaction Na + O2 Na2O
Synthesis CaO Ca + O2
Decomposition CH4 + O2 H2O + CO2
Combustion KClO3 KCl + O2
Decomposition O2 + C5H12 CO2 + H2O
Combustion Al + F2 AlF3
![Page 27: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Classify the reaction
1. C6H14 + O2
2. Mg + N2
3. H2O2
4. Ag + S 5. Zn + O2
6. C12H22O11
![Page 28: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
4. Single Replacement reaction- an atom replace the atom in a compound.
A + BX AX + B
Cu(II) (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq)
________________
![Page 29: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Activity Series:
-------------over there
![Page 31: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Cu(II) (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq)
________________
![Page 32: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Copper plating
![Page 34: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Example: Single replacement
Fe(II) (s) + CuSO4(aq)
(Fe+2 + Cu+2 + SO4-2)
FeSO4(aq) + Cu
![Page 35: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Practice 2-6
2. Ag(s) + AlPO4(aq) NR (no reaction)
3. Mg(s) + AlCl3(aq) MgCl2(aq) + Al(s)
4. K(s) + ZnCl2(aq) KCl(aq) + Zn(s)
5. Br2(l) + MgCl2(aq) NR
*6. F2(g) + CaCl2(aq) CaF2(aq) + Cl2(g)
![Page 36: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
5. Double-replacement reaction- Two compounds react to form 2 new compounds.
In this reaction water, a gas or a solid can be formed.
AX + BY AY + BX
![Page 37: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Double replacement rxn
![Page 38: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Example: Double-replacement Rxn
Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq) Ca+2 + OH-1 + H+1 + Cl-1
CaCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
![Page 39: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Practice: Double Replacement Rxn
NaOH(aq) + CuCl2(aq) Na+1 + OH-1 + Cu+2 + Cl-1 NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
KCN(aq) + HBr(aq) K+1 + CN-1 + H+1 + Br-1
KBr + HCN
![Page 40: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Practice:Give the balanced skeletal for the following.
1. Aqueous barium chloride and aqueous potassium carbonate react to produce solid barium carbonate and aqueous potassium chloride.
BaCl2(aq) + K2CO3(aq) BaCO3(s) + 2KCl(aq)
2. Aqueous lithium iodide and aqueous silver(I) nitrate react to produce solid silver(I) iodide and aqueous lithium nitrate.
LiI(aq) + AgNO3(aq) AgI (s) + LiNO3(aq)
![Page 41: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Classify each rxn CH4 + O2 H2O + CO2
Combustion KClO3(s) KCl(s) + O2(g)
decomposition ZnCl2(aq) + K(s) KCl(aq) + Zn(s)
Single-replacement
BaCl2+ K2CO3 BaCO3+ 2KCl Double-replacement
CaCl2(aq) + F2(g) CaF2(aq) + Cl2(g) Single-replacement
![Page 42: Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions. Section 10.1 Reactions & Equations Chemical reaction—process by which the atoms of 1 or more substances are rearranged](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649de65503460f94aded1f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Classify & Predict CuO Mg + O2 Ca + N2 C3H8 + O2 HCl + BaSO4 Fe + CuCl2 Cu3N + Zn **Classify each equation on “Balancing eq”
handout