Chapter 10 World History*SECTIONS 3 AND 4
SECTION 3 – THE CHURCH*THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH HAD GREAT INFLUENCE OVER THE LIVES OF PEOPLE IN THE MIDDLES AGES
(**To achieve eternal salvation most people felt you needed to be in the good graces of the church)
CLERGY – Any ordained (can now perform church services & rites) member of the church Exs. priest, bishop, cardinal, pope
PARISH PRIEST PREACHED AND ADMINISTEREDTHE SACRAMENTS TO THE LOCAL PARISH
The Sacraments- The Seven Sacred rites of the church
CONFIRMATION MARRIAGE
BAPTISM
*ALSO:COMMUNIONPENANCELAST RITESHOLY ORDERS
Last Rites
Penance
Communion
BISHOPS*CONTROLLED A DIOCESE OR GROUP OF PARISHES(*also called a “See”)
BISHOP’S MITRE
ARCHBISHOP
CONTROLLED A PROVINCEOR GROUP OF DIOCESES
*Also called an Archdiocese
CURIA (or college or group) OF CARDINALS
*ADVISES THE POPE*SELECTS NEW POPE
MONASTICISM
BENEDICT MONTE CASSINOMONASTERY
Withdrawing from society to live a lifedevoted to God
Benedictine Rules:1. Own nothing (poverty)
2. Celibacy (no sex)
3. Obey the Abbot
Monks in a monastery
Nuns in a convent
(head of the monastery)*Note: other monasteries might have different rules…
MONASTERIES
MONASTERY
SHOALIN ABBOT
BUDDHIST MONK
MONASTERY LIFE
• WORK
• PRAY
• MANUSCRIPT WORK
• HEAL THE SICK
• ACT AS AN INN
• AGRICULTURE
• FISH FARMS
• ETC.
*RULES AND ACTIVITIES OF SPECIFIC MONASTERIES VARY BY RELIGIOUS ORDER OR GROUP…
**Piety – being dutifully religious
SAINT PATRICKCHRISTIAN MISSIONARY TO IRELAND (in A.D. 400’s)
CANTERBURY CATHEDRALCENTER OF CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN ENGLAND
Illuminated manuscripts
Texts or manuscripts that have been hand copied and “illuminated” or “beautified” with elaborate letteringand artwork
Illumination
EXCOMMUNICATION
CUTTING AN INDIVIDUALOFF FROM THE CHURCH ANDTHE SACRAMENTS
*THAT PERSON WAS THEN IN DANGER OF DYING AND NOT BEING SAVED
INTERDICTSAME AS EXCOMMUNICATION, ONLY FOR AN ENTIRE REGION OR AREA (or Manor or Fief or Kingdom)
Canon law – laws for the clergy and church
THE TITHE*ONE TENTH OF YOUR INCOME WASSUPPOSED TO BE GIVEN BACK TO THE CHURCH
TITHING BARN – to store things given to the church as a tithe (instead of “money”)
TODAY’S “OFFERING”
HERESY*SAYING OR DOING ANYTHING THAT WENT AGAINST THETEACHINGS OF THE CHURCH
St Francis of Assissi
St Dominic
*Starts Franciscan Order (or religious group) where Friars, in poverty, would travel the countryside encouraging people to repent
*Starts the Dominican Order, which becomes very involved in the Inquisition
The Inquisition(Catholic) Church court that sought out heretics and tried to get them to repent (or take back their alleged heresy and ask for forgiveness) *Also called the “Holy See” **Ex. Protestant Christians
Section 4 – England
CeltsAn early European people (*Sort of like our Native Americans…)
Angles/Saxons – Germanic people who settle in the early Middle Ages in what comes to be known as England (named after the Angles - land of the Angles), conquering the Celts (as the Romans withdrew…) in the 500’s AD
*Ooh, and then there werethe Norsemen or Danes who invade England in the 800’s AD… and then the Normans came in the 1000’s (Sheez!!)
Shires – political division in England somewhat similar to our U.S. counties
Shire-reeve – officer with legal andpolitical duties for a shire *The word “sheriff” comes from this term
*Coat of Arms of the Sheriff of Nottingham orthe Shire-reeve of Nottinghamshire
Edward the Confessor
Duke William of Normandy
Frenchman (and cousin) who was promised the English throne by Edward years before he died
Anglo-Saxon (English) king who dies in 1066without an heir, creating a power struggle for the throne
The 1066 AD Norman Invasion
BATTLE OF HASTINGS
1066A.D.
Norman French under William I defeat Anglo-Saxons under Harold of Wessex
Harold of Wessex – the Saxon (Englishman) who actually gains the throne upon Edward’s death in 1066 AD
*Norman French will be spoken at the English court for the next 300 years
Bayeaux
Tapestry
*230’ long embroidery that tells the story of the Norman invasion of England and the Battle of Hastings
DOMESDAY BOOK
Recorded the population and property (under Norman rule) for tax purposes
*Helped Normans maintain control over the Saxons
Under the Normans, circuit judges and Trial by Jury begin to replace the brutality of earlier feudal justice
MAGNA CARTA or “Great Charter”
*Hugely important historical document, it leads to the idea of “limited government” here in the U.S..
House of Lords
Parliament: the law-making body for England *The equivalent of our Congress
*Hereditary seats in the upper house of Parliament for certain noble families
House of Commons
Provided representation forthe growing “middle class”or townsmen