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Chapter 10 World History*SECTIONS 3 AND 4
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SECTION 3 – THE CHURCH*THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH HAD GREAT INFLUENCE OVER THE LIVES OF PEOPLE IN THE MIDDLES AGES
(**To achieve eternal salvation most people felt you needed to be in the good graces of the church)
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CLERGY – Any ordained (can now perform church services & rites) member of the church Exs. priest, bishop, cardinal, pope
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PARISH PRIEST PREACHED AND ADMINISTEREDTHE SACRAMENTS TO THE LOCAL PARISH
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The Sacraments- The Seven Sacred rites of the church
CONFIRMATION MARRIAGE
BAPTISM
*ALSO:COMMUNIONPENANCELAST RITESHOLY ORDERS
Last Rites
Penance
Communion
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BISHOPS*CONTROLLED A DIOCESE OR GROUP OF PARISHES(*also called a “See”)
BISHOP’S MITRE
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ARCHBISHOP
CONTROLLED A PROVINCEOR GROUP OF DIOCESES
*Also called an Archdiocese
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CURIA (or college or group) OF CARDINALS
*ADVISES THE POPE*SELECTS NEW POPE
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MONASTICISM
BENEDICT MONTE CASSINOMONASTERY
Withdrawing from society to live a lifedevoted to God
Benedictine Rules:1. Own nothing (poverty)
2. Celibacy (no sex)
3. Obey the Abbot
Monks in a monastery
Nuns in a convent
(head of the monastery)*Note: other monasteries might have different rules…
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MONASTERIES
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MONASTERY
SHOALIN ABBOT
BUDDHIST MONK
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MONASTERY LIFE
• WORK
• PRAY
• MANUSCRIPT WORK
• HEAL THE SICK
• ACT AS AN INN
• AGRICULTURE
• FISH FARMS
• ETC.
*RULES AND ACTIVITIES OF SPECIFIC MONASTERIES VARY BY RELIGIOUS ORDER OR GROUP…
**Piety – being dutifully religious
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SAINT PATRICKCHRISTIAN MISSIONARY TO IRELAND (in A.D. 400’s)
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CANTERBURY CATHEDRALCENTER OF CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN ENGLAND
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Illuminated manuscripts
Texts or manuscripts that have been hand copied and “illuminated” or “beautified” with elaborate letteringand artwork
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Illumination
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EXCOMMUNICATION
CUTTING AN INDIVIDUALOFF FROM THE CHURCH ANDTHE SACRAMENTS
*THAT PERSON WAS THEN IN DANGER OF DYING AND NOT BEING SAVED
INTERDICTSAME AS EXCOMMUNICATION, ONLY FOR AN ENTIRE REGION OR AREA (or Manor or Fief or Kingdom)
Canon law – laws for the clergy and church
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THE TITHE*ONE TENTH OF YOUR INCOME WASSUPPOSED TO BE GIVEN BACK TO THE CHURCH
TITHING BARN – to store things given to the church as a tithe (instead of “money”)
TODAY’S “OFFERING”
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HERESY*SAYING OR DOING ANYTHING THAT WENT AGAINST THETEACHINGS OF THE CHURCH
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St Francis of Assissi
St Dominic
*Starts Franciscan Order (or religious group) where Friars, in poverty, would travel the countryside encouraging people to repent
*Starts the Dominican Order, which becomes very involved in the Inquisition
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The Inquisition(Catholic) Church court that sought out heretics and tried to get them to repent (or take back their alleged heresy and ask for forgiveness) *Also called the “Holy See” **Ex. Protestant Christians
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Section 4 – England
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CeltsAn early European people (*Sort of like our Native Americans…)
Angles/Saxons – Germanic people who settle in the early Middle Ages in what comes to be known as England (named after the Angles - land of the Angles), conquering the Celts (as the Romans withdrew…) in the 500’s AD
*Ooh, and then there werethe Norsemen or Danes who invade England in the 800’s AD… and then the Normans came in the 1000’s (Sheez!!)
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Shires – political division in England somewhat similar to our U.S. counties
Shire-reeve – officer with legal andpolitical duties for a shire *The word “sheriff” comes from this term
*Coat of Arms of the Sheriff of Nottingham orthe Shire-reeve of Nottinghamshire
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Edward the Confessor
Duke William of Normandy
Frenchman (and cousin) who was promised the English throne by Edward years before he died
Anglo-Saxon (English) king who dies in 1066without an heir, creating a power struggle for the throne
The 1066 AD Norman Invasion
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BATTLE OF HASTINGS
1066A.D.
Norman French under William I defeat Anglo-Saxons under Harold of Wessex
Harold of Wessex – the Saxon (Englishman) who actually gains the throne upon Edward’s death in 1066 AD
*Norman French will be spoken at the English court for the next 300 years
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Bayeaux
Tapestry
*230’ long embroidery that tells the story of the Norman invasion of England and the Battle of Hastings
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DOMESDAY BOOK
Recorded the population and property (under Norman rule) for tax purposes
*Helped Normans maintain control over the Saxons
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Under the Normans, circuit judges and Trial by Jury begin to replace the brutality of earlier feudal justice
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MAGNA CARTA or “Great Charter”
*Hugely important historical document, it leads to the idea of “limited government” here in the U.S..
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House of Lords
Parliament: the law-making body for England *The equivalent of our Congress
*Hereditary seats in the upper house of Parliament for certain noble families
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House of Commons
Provided representation forthe growing “middle class”or townsmen