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Chapter 3Application Software
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Chapter 3 Objectives
Define application software
Understand how system software interacts with
application software
Identify the role of the user interface
Explain how to start a software application Identify various products
available as Web applications
Describe the learning aids available with many software
applications
Identify the widely used products and explain key
features of productivity/business
software applications, graphic design/multimedia software
applications, home/personal/educational software applications, and communications software
applications
p. 3.2
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To facilitate communications
To support household activities,
for personal business, or for
education
As a productivity/business tool
To assist with graphics and multimedia
projects
Application Software
Programs that perform specific tasks for users
Also called a software application or an application
Several reasons to use application software
What is application software?
p. 3.2
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Application Software
What are the categories of application software?
p. 3.2 Fig. 3-1
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Application Software
What is a software package? A specific
software product, such as Microsoft Word
Available through retail, shareware, freeware, and public-domain
p. 3.2
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Application Software
What is system software? Programs that
control the operations of the computer and its devices
Serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer's hardware
p. 3.3 Fig. 3-2
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While the computer is running, the operating system remains in memory until power is removed from the computer
The operating system tells the computer how to perform functions
Application Software
What is an operating system? A type of system software Contains instructions that coordinate all the activities
among computer hardware devices
Start the computer and the operating system (usually found on the computer’s hard disk drive) is loaded, or copied into memory
p. 3.2
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Application Software
What is a utility program? Also called a utility A type of system
software that performs a specific task
Usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs
p. 3.3
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Application Software
What is an antivirus program? A utility that prevents, detects, and removes viruses
from a computer’s memory or storage devices A virus is a
program that copies itself into other programs and spreads through multiple computers
Some viruses destroy or corrupt data
p. 3.3 Fig. 3-3
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Technology Trailblazer
Paul Allen Co-founded Microsoft
with Bill Gates Became head of
research and new product development
Serves as a senior strategy adviser to top Microsoft executives
Click to view Web Linkthen click Paul Allen
p. 3.5
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A graphical user interface (GUI) combines text, graphics, and other visual images to make software easier to use
Application Software
What is a user interface? Controls how you enter data or instructions and
how information displays on the screen
p. 3.4
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Application Software
What is the desktop? On-screen
work area that can display graphical elements• Icons• Buttons• Windows• Menus• Links• Dialog
boxes
PointerSmall symbol on the screen
To click an object, you move the pointer to the object and then press and release a button on the mouse
IconsSmall images that display to
represent a program, a document, or some other object
ButtonsGraphical elements that you can
activate to cause a specific action to take placep. 3.4 Fig. 3-4
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A command is an instruction that causes a computer program to perform a specific action
A submenu is a menu that displays when you point to a command on a previous menu
A menu contains commands you can select
Application Software
What is a menu?
Accessories submenu
Paint program command
Start button
Programs submenu
Start menu
command
p. 3.5 Fig. 3-5
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Application Software
How can you start an application? Click its program name on a menu or submenu
Click a program command name
Instructs the operating system to start the application
Transfers the program from a storage medium into memory
p. 3.6
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Application Software
What are features of an application window? A window is a
rectangular area of the screen that displays a program, data, and/or information
Paint window
title bar
toolbar
A title bar is a horizontal space that contains the window’s name
p. 3.6 Fig. 3-6
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Application Software
What is a dialog box? A special window
a program displays to provide information, present available options, or request a response
text box
check box
command buttons
option buttons
Print dialog box
p. 3.6 Fig. 3-7
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Word Processing
Spreadsheet
Database
Presentation Graphics
Personal Information Manager
Software Suite
Project Management
Accounting
Productivity Software
What is productivity software? Software
that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities
p. 3.7 Fig. 3-8
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Company on the Cutting Edge
Supplies top-rated software for personal computers
Ninety-five percent of personal computers run at least one Microsoft application
The world’s leading productivity software developer
Click to view Web Linkthen clickMicrosoft
p. 3.7
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kkdocument displays in word processing
window
printed document
Productivity Software
What is word processing software? Allows users
to create and manipulate documents that contain text and graphics
One of the most widely used types of application software
p. 3.8 Fig. 3-9
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Productivity Software
What is clip art? A collection
of drawings, diagrams, and photographs that you can insert into documents
p. 3.8 Fig. 3-9
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Productivity Software
What are some word processing features?
Specify marginsThe portion of the page outside the main body
of text
Word wrapSoftware automatically
positions text at the beginning of the next line when it extends
beyond the right page margin
ScrollingProcess of moving
different portions of the document on
the screen into view
p. 3.8
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The house was deep in a secluded part of the woods. The trees surrounded the porch in a protective circle. Small clusters of pink and white flowers lined the walk leading up to the door.
find or searchfind or search
secluded
replacereplace
remote
Productivity Software
What is a major advantage of using a word processor?
You can easily change what you have written
Insert, delete, or rearrange words, sentences, paragraphs or entire sections
p. 3.9
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reviews the spelling of
inividal words
Productivity Software
What is a spelling checker? Reviews the
spelling of individual words, sections of a document, or the entire document
inividal
reviews the spelling of
individual words
p. 3.9
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Productivity Software
What are headers and footers?
Productivity Software
Page 3.9
Productivity software is software that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities. Productivity software includes applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation graphics, personal information manager, software suite, accounting, and project management.
footer
Footer• Text that appears at
the bottom of each page
May include• Page numbers• Company names• Report titles• Dates
header
Header• Text that appears at
the top of each page
p. 3.9
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Productivity Software
What are other popular word processing features?
autocorrect
autoformat
collaboration
columns
grammar checker
macros mail merge
templates
tables
thesaurus
tracking changes
voice recognition
Web page developmentp. 3.9
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printing
process of sending a file to a printer to generate output on a
medium such as paper
saving
process of copying a document from memory to a storage
medium such as a floppy disk or hard disk
editing
process of making changes to a document’s
existing content
formatting
changing the appearance of a document
Productivity Software
What are the stages of developing a document?
creating
developing the document by entering text or numbers,
inserting graphical images, and performing other tasks using
an input device
p. 3.10
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Productivity Software
What is the clipboard? A temporary storage location used for cut,
copy, and paste
Cut
Remove a portion of the document and store it on the
Clipboard
Paste
Place items stored on the clipboard into the
document
Copy
Duplicate a portion of the document and
store it on the Clipboard
Click to view animation
p. 3.10
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Productivity Software
What is a font?
Font styles
Font style adds emphasis to a font such as bold, italic, and underline
Font size specifies the size or the characters in a particular font in points• A single point is
about 1/72 of an inch in height
font size
font A name assigned to a
specific design of characters
p. 3.10 Fig. 3-11
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A file name is a unique combination of letters of the alphabet, numbers, and other characters that identifies the file
The title bar of a document window usually displays the file name
Productivity Software
What is a file? A named collection of data, instructions, or information Each file has a file name file name on
title barfile name on
title bar
p. 3.10
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Step 1:Say, “Dictation” to instruct the
program you will be dictating. Say, “Car for sale”.
Step 2:Say, “Voice Command” to instruct the
program you will be issuing commands. Say, “Center”.
Step 3:Say, “Font”.
Step 4:Say, “Algerian” and then say,
“Font Size”.
Step 5:Say, “Forty Eight” and then say,
“Font Color”.
Step 6:Say, “Green” and then say,
“End”.
The computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words
Productivity Software
What is voice recognition?
p. 3.11 Fig. 3-12
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Productivity Software
What is spreadsheet software? Allows you to
organize data in rows and columns
Performs calculations on this data
Rows and columns collectively called a worksheet
Click to view Web Linkthen click Spreadsheet Software
p. 3.12 Fig. 3-13
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Productivity Software
How is a spreadsheet organized?columnscolumns Data is organized
vertically into columns identified by letters
rowsrows
Data is organized horizontally into rows identified by numbers
cellcell
A cell is the intersection of a column and row identified by the column letter and row number
• ex. A19Click to view animation
p. 3.12 Fig. 3-13
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34,299.00
21%
$52.49
16 Formula
Performs calculations on the data in the worksheet and displays the resulting
value in a cell
Productivity Software
What can a cell contain?
Value
Number
Label
Text that identifies the data and helps
organize the worksheet
November
Total
Expenses
Savings
=C4+C5+C6+C7+C8
=A3*4
=(C6-B6)/A2
p. 3.12
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Productivity Software
What is a function? A predefined formula that performs common
calculations
SUM
=C4+C5+C6+C7+C8 =SUM(C4:C8)
MINRATEROUND
LOG ABSTIME DAT
E
MAXCOUNT
AVERAG
E
SUMSQ
RT
FVIF
STDEV
NPV
PMTPV
NOW
INT
LNp. 3.14
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Productivity Software
What is a macro? A sequence of
keystrokes and instructions you record and save
Run the macro to perform the sequence of saved keystrokes and instructions
p. 3.13
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Productivity Software
What is recalculation? The capability of recalculating the rest of the worksheet
when data in a worksheet changes What-if analysis is a process in which you change
certain values in a spread sheet in order to reveal the effects of those changes
ExpensesFreshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total
Room & Board 3,290.00$ 3,454.50$ 3,627.23$ 3,808.59$ 14,180.32$ Tuition & Books 4,850.00 5,092.50 5,347.13 5,614.48 20,904.11 Clothes 490.00 514.50 540.23 567.24 2,111.97 Entertainment 635.00 666.75 700.09 735.09 2,736.93 Miscellaneous 325.00 341.25 358.31 376.23 1,400.79 Total 9,590.00$ 10,069.50$ 10,572.99$ 11,101.63$ 41,334.12$
Projected College Cash Flow AnalysisNew data entered
New data entered
ExpensesFreshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total
Room & Board 3,290.00$ 3,454.50$ 3,627.23$ 3,808.59$ 14,180.32$ Tuition & Books 10,000.00 10,500.00 11,000.00 11,500.00 43,000.00 Clothes 490.00 514.50 540.23 567.24 2,111.97 Entertainment 635.00 666.75 700.09 735.09 2,736.93 Miscellaneous 325.00 341.25 358.31 376.23 1,400.79 Total 14,740.00$ 15,477.00$ 16,225.86$ 16,987.15$ 63,430.01$
Projected College Cash Flow AnalysisNew data entered
New data entered
Totals recalculated
Totals recalculated
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Productivity Software
What is charting? Allows you to display spreadsheet data in a
chart that shows the relationship of data in graphical form
line chartline chart
pie chartpie chart
column chart
column chart
p. 3.14 Fig. 3-15
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Technology Trailblazer
Dan Bricklin Developed
VisiCalc, the first electronic spreadsheet
Formed the Software Arts company with Bob Frankston
Click to view Web Linkthen click Dan Bricklin
p. 3.14
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Productivity Software
What is a database? A collection
of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data
Click to view Web Linkthen click Database Software
p. 3.15 Fig. 3-16
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Productivity Software
What is database software? Also called a database management system
(DBMS) Allows you to create, access, and manage a
database
add, change, and delete data
sort and retrieve data
create forms and reports
using the data
p. 3.16
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Productivity Software
What are the parts of a database?
Click to view Web Linkthen click Database Software
Item tableItem table
Supplier table
Supplier table
A collection of data stored in tables
recordsrecords
A record is a row in a table that contains information about a given person, product, or event
fieldsfields
A field is a column in a table that contains a specific piece of information within a record
p. 3.15 Fig. 3-16
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Productivity Software
How is a database organized? Records and fields in a table are described
by the table structure
Supplier table structure
Supplier table structure
Item table structure
Item table structure
p. 3.16 Fig. 3-17
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Productivity Software
What does the structure contain?
• Text: letters, numbers, or special characters
• Numeric: numbers only
• Currency: dollar and cent amounts
• Date: month, day, and year information
• Memo: lengthy text entries
• Hyperlink: Web address that links to a document or a Web page
• Object: picture, audio, video, or a document created in other applications
field name
A unique name that identifies
each field
field size
The maximum number of characters that a particular
field can contain
data type
The kind of data a field can contain and how the
field is used
p. 3.16
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Productivity Software
How is data entered or modified? Data is entered using a data entry form Entering individual records is known as populating the table Validation is the process of comparing the data to a set of
rules or values to determine if the data is correct
p. 3.17 Fig. 3-18
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Productivity Software
How is data manipulated to generate information?
Sort or organize a set of records in a particular order Retrieve information using a query, or request for specific
data• A query retrieves data by identifying criteria, which are
restrictions the data must meet Produces reports based on criteria the user supplies
p. 3.17 Fig. 3-19
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Productivity Software
What is presentation graphics software? Allows you to create documents called presentations
Sometimes called a slide show
Can be displayed on a large monitor or on a projection screen
p. 3.18 Fig. 3-20
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Productivity Software
What is slide sorter view? Used to help organize the presentation You can view small versions of all the slides
p. 3.18 Fig. 3-21
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Handouts to distribute to audience members
Notes page to help a speaker deliver the presentation
Productivity Software
What output formats are available for a presentation ?
Outline of the text from each slide
p. 3.19 Fig. 3-22
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Productivity Software
What is a personal information manager (PIM)? A software application that
includes an appointment calendar, address book, notepad, and other features
Helps to organize personal information
Most handheld computers have PIM functions
You can synchronize, or transfer information between the handheld computer and a desktop computer
handheld computer
p. 3.20 Fig. 3-23
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Productivity Software
What is a software suite? A collection of individual applications sold as
a single package You install the entire collection of applications
at once Two major advantages:
ease of use
lower cost
p. 3.20
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Productivity Software
What is project management software? Allows you to plan, schedule, track, and analyze
the events, resources, and costs of a project
p. 3.21 Fig. 3-24
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Productivity Software
What is accounting software? Helps companies record and report their financial
transactions
Newer packages support online direct deposit and payroll services
p. 3.21 Fig. 3-25
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What are some popular graphics and multimedia software products?
Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
Desktop Publishing (Professional)
Paint/Image Editing (Professional)
Video and Audio Editing
Multimedia Authoring
Web Page Authoring
p. 3.22 Fig. 3-26
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What is computer-aided design (CAD)? A sophisticated
type of application software that assists a professional user in creating engineering, architectural, and scientific designs
p. 3.22 Fig. 3-27
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What is desktop publishing software (professional)?
Enables professional designers to design and produce sophisticated documents that contain text, graphics, and brilliant colors
p. 3.23 Fig. 3-28
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What are some features of desktop publishing software?
page layout
the process of arranging text and
graphics in a document on a
page-by-page basis
color library
a standard set of colors used by designers and
printers to ensure that colors will print exactly as
specifiedp. 3.23
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Company on the Cutting Edge
Adobe
Produces award-winning software used to create and deliver the majority of Web images today
Products include Photoshop, Illustrator, GoLive, LiveMotion, PageMill, Streamline, and PageMaker
Click to view Web Linkthen clickAdobe
p. 3.23
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What is paint/image editing software (professional)?
Used to create and modify graphical images
Sometime called illustration software
Image editing software provides the capabilities of paint software as well as the capability to modify existing images
Click to view Web Linkthen click Paint/Image Editing Software
p. 3.24 Fig. 3-29
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What is video and audio editing software? Video consists of full-motion images played back at various
speeds
Video editing software allows you to modify a segment of a video, called a clip
Audio is any music, speech, or other sound stored and produced by the computer
Audio editing software allows you to modify audio clips
p. 3.25 Fig. 3-30
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What is multimedia authoring software? Also called authorware Allows you to combine
text, graphics, audio, video, and animation into an interactive presentation
Multimedia presentations often are interactive computer-based presentations or Web-based presentations designed to facilitate learning and elicit direct student participation
p. 3.25 Fig. 3-31
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Graphics and Multimedia Software
What is Web page authoring software? Helps users of
all skill levels create fascinating Web pages that include graphical images, video, audio, animation, and other special effects
p. 3.25
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat software products are
available for home, personal, and educational use?
Integrated SoftwarePersonal Finance
Legal
Tax Preparation
Desktop Publishing
Paint/Image Editing
Clip Art/Image Gallery
Home Design/Landscaping
Reference
p. 3.26 Fig. 3-32
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Less expensive
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is integrated software?
Software that combines applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, and database into a single, easy-to-use package
Applications use a similar interface
and share common features
Applications typically do not have all the
capabilities of stand-alone productivity
software applications
Each application is available only through the integrated software
packagep. 3.27
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is personal finance software?
A simplified accounting program Helps home users and
small office/home office users balance their checkbook, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, track investments, and evaluate financial plans
Online banking allows you to transfer money electronically from your checking or credit card accounts to payees’ accounts
Click to view Web Link then click Personal Finance Software
p. 3.27 Fig. 3-33
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is legal software?
Assists in the preparation of legal documents
Provides legal advice to individuals, families, and small businesses
p. 3.28 Fig. 3-34
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is tax preparation software?
Guides individuals, families, or small businesses through the process of filing federal taxes
Some allow you to file your tax forms electronically
p. 3.28 Fig. 3-35
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is desktop publishing software (personal)?
Easy-to-understand DTP software designed for smaller-scale desktop publishing projects
p. 3.29 Fig. 3-36
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Allows you to draw or modify pictures, shapes, and other images
Photo-editing software allows you to edit digital photographs by removing red-eye, adding special effects, or creating electronic photo albums
Online print services will send high-resolution printed images through the postal service
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is paint/image editing software (personal)?
An easy-to-use interface, frequently containing simple draw or editing features.
p. 3.29 Fig. 3-37
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is clip art/image gallery software?
A collection of clip art and photographs
Some have links to clips available on the Web
May provide fonts, animations, sounds, video clips,and audio clips
Click to view Web Link then click Clip Art/Image Galleries
p. 3.30 Fig. 3-38
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is home design/landscaping software?
Assists with the design or remodeling of a home, deck, or landscape
Many will print a material list outlining costs and quantities for the entire project
p. 3.31 Fig. 3-39
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is educational software?
Software that teaches a particular skill
Computer-based training (CBT) is a type of education in which students learn by using and completing exercises with instructional software• Also called computer-
aided instructionClick to view video
p. 3.31
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is reference software?
Provides valuable and thorough information for all individuals
Click to view Web Linkthen click Reference Software
Includes encyclopedias, dictionaries, health/medical guides, and travel directories
p. 3.31 Fig. 3-40
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Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat is entertainment software?
Interactive games Videos Programs
designed to support a hobby or provide amusement and enjoyment
Click to view video
p. 3.31
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or electronic mail
Transmission of messages via a computer network
such as a local area network or the Internet
E-mail software lets you create, send, receive,
forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages
Web browser
or browser
Allows you to access and view
Web pages on the Internet
Chat room
Permits users to chat with each other via the
computer
Some support voice chats and video chats
Newsgroup
Also called a discussion
Online area on the Web where users conduct written discussions
about a particular subject
You use a software program called a newsreader to participate in a
newsgroup
Instant messaging (IM)
Real-time communications services that notifies you when one or more people
are online
Allows you to exchange messages or files with
them or join a private chat room
Groupware
A software application that helps groups of
people work together and share information over a
network
Videoconference
A meeting between two or more geographically separated people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data
Home users can make a video telephone call where both parties
see each other as they talk
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational UseWhat software facilitates communication?
Web browsers
Chat rooms
Newsgroups
Instant messaging
Groupware
Videoconferencing
Click to view Web Linkthen click Groupware
Click to view animation
p. 3.31
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Some Web applications store your data and information at their site
To access a Web application, visit the Web site that offers the program
Some are free
Applications on the Web
What is a Web application? A software application that exists on a Web site
Click to view Web Linkthen click Web Applications
p. 3.33 Fig. 3-41
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Applications on the Web
How do some companies charge for a Web application?
Some sites allow you to use the program for free
Ask you to pay a fee when a certain action occurs
p. 3.34 Fig. 3-42
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Applications on the Web
How do other companies charge? Some companies charge only for service and support Sun
Microsystems provides an integrated suite on the Web
A variety of payment schemes exist for sites that charge for use of a program
Click to viewvideo
p. 3.34 Fig. 3-42
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Applications on the Web
What is Web-based training (WBT)? Typically consists of self-directed, self-paced
instruction on a topic Distance learning
(DL) is the delivery of education at one location while the learning takes place at other locations• Also called
distance education (DE) or online learning
Click to view Web Linkthen click Distance Learning
p. 3.35 Fig. 3-44
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Third party organization that manages and distributes software and services on the Web
Allows companies to outsource information technology (IT) needs
Applications on the Web
What is an application service provider (ASP)?
p. 3.35 Fig. 3-45
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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an ApplicationWhat is Online Help?
Electronic equivalent of a user manual
Usually integrated into an application software package
Often Help is context-sensitive
• The Help information relates to the current task being attempted
p. 3.36 Fig. 3-46a
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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an ApplicationWhat is an FAQs page?
Frequently Asked Questions
Often available on a Web site that provides updates and more comprehensive resources to answer your software questions
p. 3.36 Fig. 3-46b
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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an Application
What is a wizard? An automated assistant that helps you complete a task
Asks you questions and then automatically performs actions based on your answers
p. 3.36 Fig. 3-46c
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Learning Aids and Support Tools Within an ApplicationHow can I learn more about a software package?
Many books are available to help you learn to use software
These books are available in bookstores and software stores
p. 3.37 Fig. 3-47
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Summary of Application Software
Application software Productivity software Developing a document Graphics and multimedia software Software for home, personal, and
educational use Software for communications Applications on the Web Learning aids and support tools within
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Chapter 3 Complete