Chapter 3 Review

Chemistry of Life

Atoms

• The smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means

Covalent Bonds

• Bonds between the atoms that make up water molecules

Ions

• An atom that has either has lost or gained an electron

Solutions

• Is a mixture of evenly distributed substances

Water

• Water is polar and therefore polar substances dissolve in it.

Chemical Reactions

• In chemical reactions energy may be absorbed, released, and required.

Energy

• Without energy organisms can not:– Maintain homeostasis– Carry out chemical reactions– Make their own food

Carbon

• The basic unit of most biomolecules contain

Compounds

• Are formed when atoms of two different elements join together

Enzymes

• Reduce the activation energy of chemical reactions

Basic

• Having a pH between 7 and 14

Cohesion

• An attraction between substances of the same kind

Adhesion

• An attraction between different substances

Acid

Acids

• Are compounds that form extra hydronium ions when dissolved in water

RNA

• Subunits are made of a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group

Carbohydrates

• A class of organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio

Lipids

• A class of organic compounds that include fats, steroids, and waxes

ATP

• Provides temporary storage of energy for cells

Protein

• A molecular chain of amino acids

pH

• A measure of the concentration of hydronium ions in solutions

Test•Tomorrow on Chapter 2•Please Study these notes