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Chapter 8
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First four steps in preparing a speech Select and narrow your topic▪ Give yourself at least 1 week from topic selection to
delivery Determine your purpose Develop your central idea Generate your main ideas
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Select & Narrow Topic Choose a topic to speak about ▪ Narrow this topic to fit time limits.
When selecting a topic:▪ Consider the audience▪ Topic should be relevant to audience interests ▪ Should consider account audience knowledge
▪ Video Clip
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Consider the occasion▪ A successful topic should be
appropriate to audience and occasion
Consider Yourself▪ Best speech topics are those that
reflect experiences or interests
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Strategies to generate speech topics Brainstorming▪ Lets Brainstorm personal experience
topics
Listen and read for topic ideas Search the web for possible topics
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Narrowing the topic for your presentation Create categories
▪ General topic followed by more specific
Find the right level▪ Don’t be too broad (Cars, Insects, TV, Etc) ▪ Don’t be too narrow
If you can’t find any/enough info, broaden it back out some
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Determine purpose Speaking to Inform
▪ Gives listeners information
Speaking to Persuade▪ Attempts to change or reinforce audience views, behaviors or
actions
Speaking to Entertain▪ Get audience to relax, smile, laugh, & Enjoy themselves
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To develop your specific purpose▪ Consider what audience should get from speech▪ What kind of behavior should they exhibit
Using hands free device▪ What action do you want them to take
To go out and vote
▪ Use specific purpose to determine what information will be gathered
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Develop Your Central Idea Your central idea should be ▪ A one sentence summary of your speech▪ Express your central idea in a complete declarative sentence▪ Use direct specific language▪ “Censorship of school textbooks threatens the rights of school children”
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Develop Your Central Idea Your central idea should be ▪ Specific purpose should be a single idea▪ “Today I will persuade you to help the homeless”▪ “Today I will inform you about natural disasters”
▪ Central idea should reflect consideration of the audience▪ “Exercising voting rights will make a difference in your
community”
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Generate and preview your main ideas Write central idea at the top of a sheet of paper▪ Then ask 3 questions▪ Does the central idea have logical divisions▪ Are there several reasons why the central idea is true
Legalizing Marijuana will help the economy California is a fascinating place to live A college education is beneficial to everyone
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▪ Can I support my central idea with a series of steps▪ Or chronological progression
There were many phases in the development of Airplanes Computer technology has improved the mass media
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Meanwhile, Back at the computer Once topic is narrowed▪ Write central idea ▪ Write specific purpose statement