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Charting
Cyber Terra Incognita: A CIO's Perspective and
Challenges dr. david a. bray @fcc_cio
personal views
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This is our home 3.7 billion miles away
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This is our home 3.7 billion miles away
a “Pale Blue Dot”
sunlight reflected from Earth took 5½ hours to reach Voyager I in 1990
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when Voyager I launched in 1977 4.2 billion humans lived on Earth
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when Voyager I launched in 1977 4.2 billion humans lived on Earth
global GDP = 7.2 trillion USD and the Apple II went on sale that year
running at 1 MHz w/ 4 KB of RAM
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Voyager I traveled 3.7 billion miles by 1990 5.3 billion humans lived on Earth
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Voyager I traveled 3.7 billion miles by 1990 5.3 billion humans lived on Earth
global GDP = 22 trillion USD Windows 3.0 released and CERN sets up
the first web server at info.cern.ch
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by 2013 >850 million web servers online 7.1 billion humans lived on Earth
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by 2013 >850 million web servers online 7.1 billion humans lived on Earth
global GDP = 75 trillion USD 7 billion global networked devices
4 ZB (billion TB) of digital content globally
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by 2022, 75-300 billion networked devices 8 billion humans will live on Earth
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by 2022, 75-300 billion networked devices 8 billion humans will live on Earth
global GDP = ?? trillion USD 7 billion humans online & 96 ZB content digital content >all human eyes see/year
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The Importance of
Public Service
Public Service = What “We The People” Do Together
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The Importance of
You
public
gov’t workers
private sector
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We’re Confronting Terra Incognita
Latin for “unknown land”
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We’re Confronting Terra Incognita
Latin for “unknown land”
complexity of all legacy infrastructure more new internet-connected systems
human actors & behaviors
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Confront an average Internet Minute
204,000,000+ emails sent globally (2014) 4,000,000+ Google search queries
2,460,000+ pieces of Facebook content shared 72+ hours of new YouTube video uploaded 48,000+ iOS apps downloaded (per Domo.com)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
stats will grow exponentially in the years ahead
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Confront an average Internet Minute
204,000,000+ emails sent globally (2014) 4,000,000+ Google search queries
2,460,000+ pieces of Facebook content shared 72+ hours of new YouTube video uploaded 48,000+ iOS apps downloaded (per Domo.com)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
stats will grow exponentially in the years ahead
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Confront an average Internet Minute
McAfee: 200+ new threat vectors/minute (2013) FireEye: new malware every 3 mins (2013)
DOE/NNSA: receives 6,940+ attacks/min (2015) DoD: 85% of emails received = spam (2015)
and receives 13,800+ nefarious emails/minute ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
stats will grow exponentially in the years ahead
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Confront an average Internet Minute
McAfee: 200+ new threat vectors/minute (2013) FireEye: new malware every 3 mins (2013)
DOE/NNSA: receives 6,940+ attacks/min (2015) DoD: 85% of emails received = spam (2015)
and receives 13,800+ nefarious emails/minute
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
stats will grow exponentially in the years ahead
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Confront an average Internet minute
so how best to venture forth?
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(1) Challenges will span All Sectors
while in Australia, asked who will protect your grandmother’s car? or her refrigerator?
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(1) Challenges will span All Sectors
just like “infectious diseases”, cyber threats will not stop at borders, we must build bridges
the public private sector public sector
academia non-profits
We The People, Building Bridges
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(2) DIY & the Internet of Everything
while in Taiwan, saw that most “Internet of Everything” prototypes were based
on industrial control endpoints
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(2) DIY & the Internet of Everything
while in Taiwan, saw that most “Internet of Everything” prototypes were based
on industrial control endpoints
challenge: Industrial controls historically have not been connected to the internet &
historically have had less security vs. TCP/IP
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makers movement institutions must encourage & empower “intrapreneurs” to
pioneer civic & social innovation
(2) DIY & the Internet of Everything
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makers movement institutions must encourage & empower “intrapreneurs” to
pioneer civic & social innovation
(2) DIY & the Internet of Everything
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(3) Be Ready for Machine-Learning
pair humans w/ machine-learning assistants
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(3) Be Ready for Machine-Learning
pair humans w/ machine-learning assistants
work alongside humans, learn from their actions in the appropriate context
we’ve already done this to detect cancer cells & heart anomalies better w/ humans
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(3) Be Ready for Machine-Learning
identify strengths & weakness of approach
like a 5 y.o., machines can be great at spotting abnormalities experts still needed re: why?
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(3) Be Ready for Machine-Learning
identify strengths & weakness of approach
like a 5 y.o., machines can be great at spotting abnormalities experts still needed re: why?
will still need humans to monitor diagnostics to ensure machines aren’t compromised
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“in his locis scorpiones nascuntur” (in these places scorpions are born)
Bravely Mapping Terra Incognita
1969
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“in his locis scorpiones nascuntur” (in these places scorpions are born)
Bravely Mapping Terra Incognita
1982
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“in his locis scorpiones nascuntur” (in these places scorpions are born)
Bravely Mapping Terra Incognita
1993
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“in his locis scorpiones nascuntur” (in these places scorpions are born)
Bravely Mapping Terra Incognita
2007
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Reflections on the Future
2010
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If We Take the 232 (~4.3 billion) Numbers Addressable by IPv4 & Put Them Into a Beach Ball
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The 2128 (~340 Followed By 36 zeros) Numbers Addressable by IPv6
= The Volume of Our Sun
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Carl Sagan in 1994: Look again at that dot.
That's here. That's home.
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That's us. On it everyone you love,
everyone you know –
Everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives.
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To me, it underscores our responsibility to deal
more kindly with one another –
And to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot, the only home we've ever known.
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We Will Need More #ChangeAgents
in our Exponential Times
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We Will Need More #ChangeAgents
in our Exponential Times