Download - Chemical Reactions
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–Chemical reactions occur when bonds between the outermost parts of atoms are formed or broken
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–Chemical reactions involve changes in matter, the making of new materials with new properties, and energy changes.
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–Symbols represent elements, formulas describe compounds, chemical equations describe a chemical reaction
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Items to the LEFT of the arrow in a chemical equation are called
REACTANTS.
Na + Cl NaCl
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Items to the right of the
arrow are called
PRODUCTS.
Ex: Na + Cl NaCl
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Important NOTE:
No matter how many reactants and products are involved, all atoms present at the start of a reaction are present at the end.
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THE TOTAL MASS OF THE REACTANTS MUST EQUAL THE TOTAL MASS OF PRODUCTS.
MATTER IS NEVER CREATED OR DESTROYED.
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A number that tells how many molecules of a substance are involved in a
chemical reaction.
A coefficient of 1 is not written.
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Subscripts• A subscript indicates how many
atoms of an element are in a compound
Ex. H2SO4
H= 2 S = 1 O = 4
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Subscripts vs. Subscripts vs. CoefficientsCoefficients
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+ -- used to separate two reactants or products.
(yields) Separates reactants and products.
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Reactions that release heat.
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Reactions that absorb heat.
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A substance that speeds up chemical reactions.
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A substance that slows down a chemical reaction.
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Reactions that have hydrocarbons (CH4) and oxygen as reactants, and carbon dioxide and water as products.
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Example:
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
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2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
Na2O + CO2 Na2CO3
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Starts with one reactant and ends with 2 or more products.
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2 KClO3 2KCl+3O2
2NaCl 2Na + Cl2
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One compound and a free element that recombine to yield a new compound and new free element.
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Fe + CuSO4 Cu + FeSO4
2Na + 2HCl H2 + 2NaCl
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Starts with 2 compounds as reactants. These recombine to form 2 new compounds as products.
+ +
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NaCl + AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgCl
KOH + HNO3 HOH + KNO3
C:\Documents and Settings\mswilliams\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files\OLK1B5\types.htm
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The first slide shows the unbalanced equation, followed
by the balanced equation.
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C + O2 ----- CO2
Unbalanced
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C + O2 ----- CO2
Balanced
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NaCl ---- Na + Cl2
Unbalanced
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2NaCl ---- 2Na + Cl2
Balanced
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FeCl2 + K2S -- FeS + KCl
Unbalanced
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FeCl2 + K2S -- FeS + 2KCl
Balanced
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C2H4 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Unbalanced
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C2H4 + 3O2 2CO2 + 2H2O
Balanced
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AlCl3 + Na2CO3 Al2(CO3)3 + NaCl
Unbalanced
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2AlCl3 + 3Na2CO3 Al2(CO3)3 + 6NaCl
Balanced
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CS2 + O2 CO2 + SO2
Unbalanced
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CS2 + 3O2 CO2 + 2SO2
Balanced
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Fe + H2O Fe3O4 + H2
Unbalanced
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3Fe + 4H2O Fe3O4 + 4H2
Balanced
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AlCl3 Al + Cl2
Unbalanced
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2AlCl3 2Al + 3Cl2
Balanced
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Na + H2SO4 ---> Na2SO4 + H2
Unbalanced
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2Na + H2SO4 ---> Na2SO4 + H2
Balanced
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Cr + O2 CrO3
Unbalanced
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2Cr + 3O2 2CrO3
Balanced