Download - Chemical Reactions
Chemical ReactionsScience, Technology, and Society
Mr. CANOVA PERIOD 11
How to Make a Cake
1. Add flour and eggs and milk, put in the oven for 20 minutes at 450oF and you will have yourself a cake.
2. Flour(s) + eggs(s) + milk(l) → cake(s)
1. Word Equation: uses names of the
reactants and products.
Ex: aluminum plus copper (II) chloride yields
aluminum chloride and copper
2. Skeleton Equation: uses chemical
symbols with no relative amounts.
Ex: Al(s) + CuCl2(aq) → AlCl3(aq) + Cu(s)
NOTE!!!!!!!
• Make sure compounds are written properly.
• Remember to put up the charges and use criss-cross method if needed.
• Remember diatomic molecules.
3. Phases:
s - solid phase
l - liquid phase
g - gaseous phase
aq – aqueous phase
(exists in a water solution)
EX: NaCl(aq) = solid NaCl dissolved in H2O
4. Balanced Formula Equation: shows the relative amounts of the atoms on each side of the equation.
EX: 2Al(s) + 3CuCl2(aq)→ 2AlCl3(aq) + 3Cu(s)
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER
• To balance equations use ONLY coefficients.
• NEVER, NEVER change a subscript
NOTE!!!!!!!
Balancing Reactions
Types of Reactions
1. Combination (Synthesis)
2. Decomposition
3. Single Replacement
4. Double Replacement
5. Combustion
1. Combination (Synthesis):
Ex: A + B → AB
Ex: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
2.Decomposition:
Ex: AB → A + B
Ex: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
(electrolysis)
3.Single Replacement:
Ex: A + BC → C + BA
Ex: Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → ?
Like replaces likeUSE ACTIVITY SERIES
Is Zn higher than Cu on the list?
Activity Series of MetalsUse for single replacement Reactions
LiKBaSrCaNa
Mg AlMn
Zn Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2 + Cu Fe
CdCoNiSnPbHCuAgHgAu
Decreasing A
ctivity
4.Double Replacement:
Ex: AB + CD → AD + CB
Ex: HCl + NaOH → H(OH) + NaCl
5.Combustion:
Ex: hydrocarbon + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Ex: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
This is an example of complete combustion.