Chemistry Data BookletAccess 3 and Intermediate 1
For use in National Qualification Coursesleading to the 2007 examinations and beyond.
Published date: January 2007Publication code: BB3572ISBN: 978 1 85969 691 0
Published by the Scottish Qualifications Authority The Optima Building, 58 Robertson Street, Glasgow G2 8DQIronmills Road, Dalkeith, Midlothian EH22 1LE
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CONTENTS Page
Periodic Table of the Main Elements .......................................................................................................... 1
Dates of Discovery of Selected Elements ................................................................................................... 2
Melting Points, Boiling Points and Densities of Selected Elements .......................................................... 3
Melting and Boiling Points of Selected Ionic Compounds.......................................................................... 4
Melting and Boiling Points of Selected Molecular Compounds.................................................................. 4
Solubilities of Selected Compounds in Water ............................................................................................. 4
Uses and Properties of Selected Metals ...................................................................................................... 5
Reactions of Metals ..................................................................................................................................... 6
Compositions of Selected Foods .................................................................................................................. 7
Periodic Table of the Elements ..................................................................................................................... 8
PE
RIO
DIC
TA
BL
E O
F T
HE
MA
IN E
LE
ME
NT
S
Gro
up 1G
roup 2
Gro
up 3G
roup 4
Gro
up 5G
roup 6
Gro
up 7G
roup 0
1 HH
ydro
gen
2 He
Hel
ium
3 Li
Lit
hiu
m
4 Be
Ber
ylliu
m
5 BB
oron
6 CC
arbo
n
7 NN
itro
gen
8 OO
xyge
n
9 FF
luor
ine
10 Ne
Neo
n
11 Na
Sodi
um
12 Mg
Mag
nesi
um
13 Al
Alu
min
ium
14 SiSi
licon
15 PP
hosp
horu
s
16 SSu
lphu
r
17 CI
Chl
orin
e
18 Ar
Arg
on
19 KP
otas
sium
20 Ca
Cal
cium
31 Ga
Gal
lium
32 Ge
Ger
man
ium
33 As
Ars
enic
34 SeSe
leni
um
35 Br
Bro
min
e
36 Kr
Kry
pton
37 Rb
Rub
idiu
m
38 SrSt
ront
ium
49 InIn
dium
50 Sn Tin
51 SbA
ntim
ony
52 Te
Tel
luri
um
53 IIo
dine
54 Xe
Xen
on
55 Cs
Cae
sium
56 Ba
Bar
ium
81 Tl
Tha
lliu
m
82 Pb
Lea
d
83 Bi
Bis
mut
h
84 Po
Pol
oniu
m
85 At
Ast
atin
e
86 Rn
Rad
on
87 Fr
Fra
nciu
m
88 Ra
Rad
ium
The
Ele
men
ts o
n th
is s
ide
of th
e da
rk li
ne a
re m
etal
sT
he e
lem
ents
on
this
sid
e of
the
dark
line
are
non
-met
als
Ato
mic
Num
ber
Nam
e of
Ele
men
tSy
mbo
l
KE
Y:
Page 1
Ato
mic
Num
ber
Sym
bol
Nam
e of
Ele
men
t
Ele
men
ts b
elow
the
dark
line
are
met
als
Col
umn
7C
olum
n6
Col
umn
5C
olum
n4
Col
umn
3C
olum
n0
Col
umn
2C
olum
n1
Cl
DATES OF DISCOVERY OF SELECTED ELEMENTS
Name Date of Discovery
Aluminium 1827
Americium 1944
Calcium 1808
Carbon Prehistoric
Chlorine 1774
Copper Prehistoric
Curium 1944
Einsteinium 1953
Fermium 1955
Fluorine 1771
Gold Prehistoric
Helium 1862
Hydrogen 1766
Iodine 1811
Iron Prehistoric
Lead Prehistoric
Magnesium 1775
Mendelevium 1957
Mercury Prehistoric
Neon 1898
Nickel 1751
Nitrogen 1772
Nobelium 1961
Oxygen 1774
Platinum 16th Century
Potassium 1807
Silicon 1823
Silver Prehistoric
Sodium 1807
Strontium 1790
Sulphur Prehistoric
Tin Prehistoric
Titanium 1791
Uranium 1789
Page 2
MELTING POINTS, BOILING POINTS AND DENSITIES OFSELECTED ELEMENTS
NameDensity
in density unitsMelting point
in °CBoiling point
in °C
Aluminium 2 70 660 2519
Bromine 3 12 -7 59
Calcium 1 55 842 1484
Iodine 4 93 114 184
Chlorine 0 0032 -101 -34
Gold 19 3 1064 2856
Helium 0 0002 -272 -269
Iron 7 87 1538 2861
Lithium 0 53 181 1347
Magnesium 1 74 650 1090
Mercury 13 5 -39 357
Nickel 8 90 1455 2913
Nitrogen 0 0013 -210 -196
Oxygen 0 0014 -219 -183
Potassium 0 86 64 759
Silicon 2 33 1414 3265
Silver 10 5 962 2212
Sodium 0 97 98 883
Sulphur 2 07 113 445
Tin 7 31 232 2602
Page 3
MELTING AND BOILING POINTS OF SELECTED IONIC COMPOUNDS
Compound Melting point in Boiling point in
sodium bromide 747 1390
magnesium chloride 714 1412
calcium oxide 2614 2850
lithium iodide 469 1171
potassium fluoride 858 1502
MELTING AND BOILING POINTS OF SELECTED MOLECULARCOMPOUNDS
Compound Melting point in
water 0 100
methane -182 -162
phenol 41 182
cyclohexane 7 81
naphthalene 80 218
ethene -169 -104
SOLUBILITIES OF SELECTED COMPOUNDS IN WATER
The table shows how some compounds behave in water:
carbonate chloride nitrate phosphate sulphate
calcium insoluble very soluble very soluble insoluble soluble
copper insoluble very soluble very soluble insoluble very soluble
iron insoluble very soluble very soluble insoluble very soluble
magnesium insoluble very soluble very soluble insoluble very soluble
potassium very soluble very soluble very soluble very soluble very soluble
sodium very soluble very soluble very soluble very soluble very soluble
Boiling point in °C°C
°C°C
Page 4
USES AND PROPERTIES OF SELECTED METALS
METAL USES PROPERTIES
Aluminium
Overhead electrical cables,
doors, windows, cans,
aircraft bodies
Good electrical conductor,
low density
Copper Water pipes, electrical wiring Corrosion resistant,
good electrical conductor
Iron Railway lines, machinery,
nails, bridges
Strong, easily worked
Lead Roofing, radiation protection High density, soft
Mercury Thermometers, dentalamalgam
High density, liquid
Tin Coating cans, making bronze Corrosion resistant
Titanium Spectacle frames, bone pins,
jet engines
Corrosion resistant, strong,
low density
Zinc Coating iron objects,
dry batteries
Corrosion resistant
Page 5
REACTIONS OF METALS
Reaction with
Metal Reactivity
Oxygen Water Dilute acid
potassium
sodium
lithium
calcium
magnesium
aluminium
zinc
iron
tin
lead
copper
mercury
silver
gold
most reactive
least reactive
metals which
react with
oxygen
no
reaction
metals which
react with
water
no
reaction
metals which
react with
dilute acid
no
reaction
Page 6
COMPOSITIONS OF SELECTED FOODS
The table shows the masses, in grams, of carbohydrate, fat and protein per 100 grams of
food.
Food Carbohydrate Fat Protein
Bananas 20 0 1
Bread 55 2 8
Butter 0 83 1
Cake 55 16 5
Carrots 6 0 1
Cheese 0 35 25
Eggs 0 12 12
Fish 0 1 16
Jam 69 0 1
Milk 5 4 3
Orange juice 12 0 1
Peanuts 9 49 28
Peas 11 0 6
Potatoes 20 0 1
Rice 87 1 6
Sausages 14 31 10
Spaghetti 84 1 10
Steak 0 16 17
Page 7
1
Hyd
roge
n
H
PE
RIO
DIC
TA
BL
E O
FT
HE
EL
EM
EN
TS
Col
umn
1C
olum
n2
Col
umn
3C
olum
n4
Col
umn
5C
olum
n6
Col
umn
7C
olum
n0
Ato
mic
num
ber
Nam
e of
ele
men
t
Sym
bol
Key
3
Lith
ium
Li
4
Ber
ylliu
m
Be
5
Bor
on
B
6
Car
bon
C
7
Nitr
ogen
N
8
Oxy
gen
O
9
Fluo
rine
F
10
Neo
n
Ne
13
Alu
min
ium
Al
14
Silic
on
Si
15
Phos
phor
us
P
16
Sulp
hur
S
17
Chl
orin
e
Cl
18
Arg
on
Ar2
Hel
ium
He
11
Sodi
um
Na
12
Mag
nesi
um
Mg
19
Pota
ssiu
m
K
20
Cal
cium
Ca
21
Scan
dium
Sc
22
Tita
nium
Ti
23
Van
adiu
m
V
24
Chr
omiu
m
Cr
25
Man
gane
se
Mn
26 Iron Fe
27
Cob
alt
Co
28
Nic
kel
Ni
29
Cop
per
Cu
30 Zin
c
Zn
31
Gal
lium
Ga
32
Ger
man
ium
Ge
33
Ars
enic
As
34
Sele
nium
Se
35
Bro
min
e
Br
36
Kry
pton
Kr
37
Rub
idiu
m
Rb
38
Stro
ntiu
m
Sr
39
Yttr
ium
Y
40
Zir
coni
um
Zr
41
Nio
bium
Nb
42
Mol
ybde
num
Mo
43
Tech
netiu
m
Tc
44
Rut
heni
um
Ru
45
Rho
dium
Rh
46
Palla
dium
Pd
47
Silv
er
Ag
48
Cad
miu
m
Cd
49
Indi
um
In
50 Tin Sn
51
Ant
imon
y
Sb
52
Tellu
rium
Te
53
Iodi
ne I
54
Xen
on
Xe
55
Cae
sium
Cs
56
Bar
ium
Ba
57
Lan
than
um
La
58–7
1
�
90–1
03
�
104
Rut
herf
ordi
um
Rf
105
Dub
nium
Db
106
Seab
orgi
um
Sg
107
Boh
rium
Bh
108
Has
sium
Hs
109
Mei
tner
ium
Mt
89
Act
iniu
m
Ac
58
Cer
ium
Ce
90
Tho
rium
Th
59
Pras
eody
miu
m
Pr
91
Prot
actin
ium
Pa
� �
72
Haf
nium
Hf
73
Tant
alum
Ta
74
Tun
gste
n
W
75
Rhe
nium
Re
76
Osm
ium
Os
77
Irid
ium
Ir
78
Plat
inum
Pt
79 Gol
d
Au
80
Mer
cury
Hg
81
Tha
llium
Tl
82 Lea
d
Pb
83
Bis
mut
h
Bi
84
Polo
nium
Po
85
Ast
atin
e
At
86
Rad
on
Rn
87
Fran
cium
Fr
88
Rad
ium
Ra
60
Neo
dym
ium
Nd
92
Ura
nium
U
61
Prom
ethi
um
Pm 93
Nep
tuni
um
Np
62
Sam
ariu
m
Sm 94
Plut
oniu
m
Pu
63
Eur
opiu
m
Eu 95
Am
eric
ium
Am
64
Gad
olin
ium
Gd
96
Cur
ium
Cm
65
Terb
ium
Tb 97
Ber
keliu
m
Bk
66
Dys
pros
ium
Dy
98
Cal
ifor
nium
Cf
67
Hol
miu
m
Ho
99
Ein
stei
nium
Es
68
Erb
ium
Er
100
Ferm
ium
Fm
69
Thu
lium
Tm
101
Men
dele
vium
Md
70
Ytte
rbiu
m
Yb
102
Nob
eliu
m
No
71
Lut
etiu
m
Lu
103
Law
renc
ium
Lr
Ele
men
ts b
elow
the
dark
line
are
met
als.
TR
AN
SIT
ION
ME
TA
LS
Page 8