Download - Chinese Philosophies & Ethical Codes
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* Kung Fuzi (Master Kung) *about 500 B.C.E.*Advisor to rulers during Warring States period of China
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Ren --> humaneness, benevolence
“Do not do unto others what you would not want others to do unto you.”
Xiao --> Filial Piety (Respect your elders!)
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1. Ruler
Subject
2. Father
Son
3. Husband
Wife
4. Elder Younger
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* Status
* Age
* Gender
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*Most important Confucian book.* Focus on social harmony and the role of rulers and bureaucrats in government.*assumes that “people are basically good.”* If someone does something bad, education, not punishment, is the answer.
Good people will mend their ways if they have a good example to follow (the Emperor!)
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* Knowing what he knows and knowing what he doesn’t know, is characteristics of the person who knows.
* Making a mistake and not correcting it, is making another mistake.
* The superior man blames himself; the inferior man blames others.
* To go too far is as wrong as to fall short.
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* 300s B.C.E.
* Warring States period.
* political philosophy of the Qin Dynasty.
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1. Human nature = selfish. 2. Law = morality 3. Ruler = strong, punishing hand
for baddies. Reward good people.
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One who favors the principle that individuals should obey a powerful authority rather than exercise individual freedom.
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• Warring States Period• Tried to escape society and find “the
Way of nature.”
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* The basic text of Daoism.
* In Chinese, it means The Classic in the Way and Its Power.
* “Those who speak know nothing: Those who know are silent.”
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1. Dao [Tao] = exactly like “The Force” in Starwars
2. Goal= to become one with the Dao (nature, the universe, etc.)
3. Wu wei = --> “The art of doing nothing.” --> “Go with the flow!”
4. Man is unhappy because he lives w/ man-made laws that are contrary to the ways of nature.
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1. Reject formal learning. 2. Rely on instinct. 3. Discover the “rhythm” of the
universe. 4. Ignore political and social laws.
The WAY:
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* Masculine* Active* Light* Warmth* Strong* Heaven; Sun
* Feminine* Passive* Darkness* Cold* Weak* Earth; Moon
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How is a man to live in a world dominated by chaos, suffering, and absurdity??
Confucianism --> Moral order by proper relationships
Legalism --> harsh law & order.
Daoism --> Freedom for individuals avoidance of
conformity.
3 Solutions:
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