Download - Chloroplast and Mitochondria
Regents Biology
Cells have 3 main jobs make energy
need energy for all activities need to clean up waste produced
while making energy
make proteins proteins do all the work in a cell,
so we need lots of them
make more cells for growth to replace damaged or diseased cells
The Jobs of Cells
Our organellesdo all these
jobs!
ATP
Regents Biology
Cells need power! Making energy
to fuel daily life & growth, the cell must… take in food & digest it
take in oxygen (O2)
make ATP: Adenosine three phosphate remove waste
organelles that do this work… cell membrane lysosomes vacuoles & vesicles mitochondria
ATP
Regents Biology
Mito = Mighty / Power
The Power-House of the cell
They break down food molecules so the cell has the energy to live
If a cell needs a lot of energy…it will have more mitochondria 4
Mitochondria
Regents Biology
The Mitochondria structure has three main parts:OUTER MEMBRANE: covers the mitochondria. Simple phospholipid bilayerEasy for molecules like ATP or sugar to penetrate Smooth
INNER MEMBRANE: folds many times to increase the surface area for chemical reactions. So…the more space it has the more energy it can createSite of ATP production from oxygen and sugarKrebs/citric acid cycle
Regents Biology 6
MATRIX: a fluid that has water and proteins all mixed together (like a solution)
•The proteins take the food molecules in and combine them with Oxygen to release the energy
Regents Biology
Function make ATP energy from cellular respiration
sugar + O2 → ATP fuels the work of life
Mitochondria
in both animal & plant cellsin both animal & plant cells
ATP
Regents Biology 10
•the site of photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells
•disk-like structures
•composed of a single membrane
•surrounding a fluid containing stacks of membranous disks
Chloroplast
Regents Biology 11
•SOLAR energy radiated from the sun is captured by plants(chloroplast)
•Then it is instantaneously changed into ELECTRICAL energy
•Then packaged as CHEMICAL energy
Chloroplast
Regents Biology 12
Chloroplast•photosynthesis takes place inside the chloroplast
Photosynthesis-the process in which plant use water, carbon dioxide, and energy form the sun to make food
Regents Biology
Mitochondria make energy from sugar + O2
cellular respiration sugar + O2 → ATP
Chloroplasts make energy + sugar from sunlight
photosynthesis
sunlight + CO2 → ATP & sugar ATP = active energy sugar = stored energy
build leaves & roots & fruit out of the sugars
Plants make energy two ways!
ATP
sugar
ATP
Regents Biology
Mitochondria are in both cells!!
animal cellsanimal cells plant cellsplant cells
mitochondriamitochondriachloroplastchloroplast
Regents Biology
central vacuolestorage: food, water or waste
mitochondriamake ATP in cellular respiration
chloroplastmake ATP & sugars in photosynthesis
cell wallsupport
cell membranecell boundarycontrols movementof materials in & out
recognizes signals