Download - Citizenship and Government in a Democracy
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Citizenship and Government in a Democracy
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“If liberty and equality, as is thought by some, are chiefly to be found in democracy, they will be best attained when all
persons alike share in the government to the utmost.” Atistotle
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Civics
• The study of the rights and duties of citizens
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Citizen
• community members who owe loyalty to the government and are entitled to protection from it
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Government
• the ruling authority of a community
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Functions of the Government
• Keeping order and provide security– Enforce laws, courts for accused, defend citizens
from enemies• Provide public services– Schools, hospitals, collect garbage, deliver mail,
repair roads, fire departments, help the needy• Guide the Community– Set public policy, creating a budget,
communicating with other governments
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Public Policy
• The course of action the government takes in response to an issue
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Budget
• A plan for making and spending money
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Levels of U.S. Government
• National Government (Highest)– Based in Washington D.C.; makes and enforces
laws for the entire country• State Government – Based in each of the 50 states; makes and
enforces laws for the people in that state• Local Government– Makes and enforces laws for the people in
counties, cities and towns
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Dictatorship
• government controlled by one person or a small group of people
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Dictator
• The leader of a dictatorship
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Vladamir PutinRussia
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Xi JinpingPeoples Republic of China
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Kim Jong-unNorth Korea
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Raul CastroCuba
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Democracy
• a government in which citizens hold the power• 1st democracy was in the ancient Greek city of
Athens
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Direct Democracy
• a form of government in which the people voted first hand
• Citizens met to discuss government issues and vote right there
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Representative Democracy
• a government in which citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf
• The United States is the oldest representative democracy in the world
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Abraham Lincoln
• Described America’s democracy as a “government of the people, by the people, for the people.”
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Principles of American Democracy
1) The power of the government comes from its citizens
2) Americans, through their elected representatives, run the government
3) The purpose of the government is to make the United States a better place for its citizens
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Majority Rule
• a political principle providing that a majority of the members of a community has the power to make laws binding for all the people
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14th Amendment
• Defines a U.S. citizen as anyone “born or naturalized in the United States”
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Naturalization
• a legal process to obtain citizenship.
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Citizenship by Birth
• Being born in any of the 50 states or the District of Columbia
• Being born in an American territory (Guam, Puerto Rico or a U.S. military base)
• Born in another country but at least one parent is an American citizen
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Aliens
• Noncitizens
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Immigrant
• a person who moves permanently to a new country
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Steps to acquiring citizenship
1) Sign a Declaration of Intention2) Declaration is filed with the United States
Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)3) After living the U.S. for 5 years (or 3 if married to
a citizen) file an application for citizenship4) USCIS interviews applicant5) Pass a citizenship exam6) Pledge an oath of allegiance to the United States
of America
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Declaration of Intention
• Document stating that an alien wishes to become a citizen of the United States
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• Only the Federal government can grant or revoke a person’s citizenship
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Illegal Aliens
• a foreigner who has entered or lives in a country without the country’s authorization
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Deport
• To send an alien or immigrant back to his or her own country
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E pluribus unum
• A Latin phrase meaning “Out of many, one”
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Migration
• A movement of people from area to another
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Patriotism
• The love for a person’s country
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Terrorism
• The use of violence by groups against civilians to achieve a political goal
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Administration
• A political group that performs government duties
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Directive
• A specific order or direction