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City of the Hurrians
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THE HURRIANS
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a puzzling people . . .
all but forgotten by history,
their origin remains
obscure
THE HURRIANS
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Only recently, Urkesh was discovered at a hill known
as Tell Mozan
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Only recently, Urkesh was discovered at a hill known
as Tell Mozan
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What appears now as a natural hill is
a city shrouded within its own collapse
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Beginnings are yet unknown but date back, at least, to the early part of the fourth millennium B.C.
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It was a main center of the Hurrians, who celebrated it in their myths as the home of the father of the gods, Kumarbi.
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It was also the capital of a kingdom that controlled the surrounding territory.
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Urkesh
is being revealed
by the work of archaeologists
from UCLA, led by
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Georgio Buccellati
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Georgio Buccellati
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Georgio Buccellati &
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Georgio Buccellati &
Marilyn Kelly-Buccellati
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Georgio Buccellati &
Marilyn Kelly-Buccellati
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Excavation so far has revealed a
royal palace.
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And a temple
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And a remarkable structure near
the palace--a large and deep
underground structure--a sacred
area where the spirits of the
Underworld were summoned
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A number of cylinder seals
also have been found,
revealing aspects
of Hurrian life.
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THELIONS
OF TISH-ATAL
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These artifacts were sold
in the antiquities market long
before Tell Mozan began to be
excavated.
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This one is in the
Louvre Museum
in Paris.
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Its companion is in the
Metropolitan Museum
Of Art in New York.
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These lions were foundation pegs-- planted in temple foundations.
They served as offerings and were inscribed with cuneiform curses which protected the temple from harm and desecration.
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An approximate translation of the curse held by this lion:
Tishatal, king of Urkesh, has built this temple . . . . May . . . god . . . protect it.
May God destroy whomsoever seeks to destroy it; may his god not listen to his prayers. May . . . the sun god . . . and the god of the storm curse 10,000 times whomsoever might seek to destroy this temple.this temple.
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The text on this lion’s tablet is the oldest inscription in the Hurrian language