Download - Class1
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EE163A Introductory Microwave Circuits
Fall, 2015
Prof. Y. Ethan Wang Electrical Engineering Dept.
UCLA
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Lesson 1
Course info. Course organization TEM waveguides Non-TEM waveguides Equivalent Voltage & Currents
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Textbook: David Pozar, Microwave Engineering, Ed. 4
EE163A Course Information Instructor: Y. Ethan Wang
7 Homeworks (30%), distributed on Wed. and due on next Wed.
1 Midterm (25%),
1 Final (45%), The finals week
No late submission of homework will be accepted !!!
No copy of homeworks and exams in any form!!!
Office hour: Tuesday, 3:30pm to 5:30pm
Office address: EN IV 56-147K
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EE163A Syllabus 1. Review of transmission line& waveguides (4 hours)
2. Microwave network theory (Z/Y/S parameters, ABCD matrices) (4 hours)
3. Smith Chart and CAD design tools (4 hours)
4. Impedance matching and matching network (4 hours)
5. Microwave resonators, power splitters & couplers (6 hours)
6. Equivalent circuits of microwave devices (4 hours)
7. Noise and gain transfer in two-port networks (4 hours)
8. Amplifier gain, stability, VSWR requirements and design methods (4 hours)
9. Transistor amplifier design (6 hours)
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Organization of EE163A
Network parameters & Smith Charts
Impedance Matching
Microwave Transistor Amplifier Design
Transmission line theory
Passive components
Active components
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Microwave Network Theory
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Microwave Passive Components
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Microwave Filters
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Designs of Microwave Circuits An example of Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuits (MMIC)
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Block Diagram of T/R Module
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X-band T/R Module
64.5 x 13.5 x 4.5mm
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Flow of Microwave Circuit Development
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Waveguides Definition: Guiding structures for Electromagnetics Waves
Features: Infinitely long, transverse cross-sections are the same
Methodology of Analysis: -Assuming longitudinal variation of the field is known as exponential and solve for the transverse variation of the field for given B.C.
-Separate different field components and solve for one of them (longitudinal one) first
-Solve for other field components based on transverse-longitudinal relationship
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Waveguide Solutions General waveguide field solutions are propagating in z direction can be written as:
transverse component longitudinal component
longitudinal variation
transverse variation
TEM waves:
TE waves:
TM waves:
Other hybrid waves
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TEM Waveguides
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TEM Waves (1) TEM waves is defined for the possibility of solution that satisfies:
One can either guess or prove from Maxwells equations that:
(Laplaces equations, classical electrostatic problems)
Conclusion: The field distribution of TEM waves imitate those (1) of electrostatic problems in the cross-section (2) of plane waves in the waveguide direction
The above assumption of the field direction determines that the wave has only z-propagating components
Wave Eq.:
Full solution:
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Like in electrostatic problem, we can define potential function , so that
Voltage:
Current:
One can thus define wave Impedance:
TEM Waves (2)
Voltage & current can also be defined like the electrostatic case,
+
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(conservative field)
(Laplaces equation)
From previously,
(Gausss law)
For TEM waves, this means:
The ratio between voltage & current is called characteristic impedance,
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Parallel Plate Waveguides (1)
d
PEC
y
x
z
Dominant mode: TEM
d
W
Boundary conditions:
Assume no variation in x, thus,
Substitute the boundary conditions in the above,
The fields are,
Laplaces equation:
which gives,
The electric field is thus given by,
PMC
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Parallel Plate Waveguides (2) Y-Z plane X-Y plane TEM
wave
The voltage is defined as,
The current is,
Then the characteristic impedance of the line is,
The phase velocity is also a constant,
d
PEC
y
x
z
d
W
PMC
(for TEM wave )
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Microstrip Line
Compact, light weight Can be fabricated by photolithography Easily Integrated with other passive and active microwave
devices
Most popular type among planar transmission lines
Pros:
Cons: Low power capacity High loss
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Microstrip Line
Define effective dielectric constant to represent the fringe field effect,
Approximately is given by:
Characteristic impedance
(why? ) Half air, half dielectric
Compact, light weight Can be fabricated by photolithography Easily Integrated with other passive and active microwave devices Low power capacity High loss
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Coplanar Waveguides (CPW)
Empirical formulas can be used to find out the characteristic impedance and phase velocity
Support multiple quasi-TEM modes
Suited for Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) applications where vias and through holes to ground are difficult to make
An uni-planar transmission line
Coplanar Waveguide mode
Coplanar Slotline mode