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ANIMAL CLASSIFICATION
WITH EMPHASIS ON THE
VERTEBRATES
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jump beautiful
anna teacher sleeping
smelly
garden perfect
sing
dolphin
sour blink
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Why Classify
What is classification?
Why do we classifycertain objects as
tools, others as food,
and so on?
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Classification is simply putting
objects into groups. These
groups can be any way that
they are similar to each other.
Classification the
arrangement of objects, ideas,
or information into groups makes things easy to find,
identify, talk about, and study.
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Scientific classification or
biological classification is amethod by which biologists
group and categorize speciesof organisms.
Many scientists made their ownway of classifying both plants
and animals
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Greek philosopher & biologist
First to classify organisms based on
their structural similarities Divided organisms into 2 groups:
plants & animals
Divided animals: w/ blood & bloodless
Divided animals on how they move:
walk, fly, swim
Aristotle (384 - 322 BC)
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Father of Modern Taxonomy
Swedish scientist
Classified plants & animals accdg to
similarities in form
2 Kingdoms: Plant & Animal
Divided kingdoms into smaller groups:genera
Divided genus into smaller groups: species
Binomial Nomenclature: Genus species
Carl Von Linne (1707 1778)
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Linnean System classified plants and animals on sevenlevels, using Latin and Greek words.
K INGDOM
P HYLUM
C LASS
O RDER
F AMILY
G ENUS
S PECIES
K P C - O F G S !
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K
P
HILIPCCRIED,
OH!FOR
GOODNESS
SAKE!
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Kingdom (Animalia, or animal) Phylum (Chordata/Vertebrata, or
has a backbone) Class(Mammalia, or has a
backbone and nurses its young)
Order(Rodentia, or has abackbone, nurses its young, and
has long, sharp front teeth)
THE BROWN SQUIRREL
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Family(Scuridae, or has a backbone,nurses its young, has long, sharp frontteeth, and has a bushy tail)
Genus (Tamiasciurus, or has abackbone, nurses its young, has long,sharp front teeth, has a bushy tail, andclimbs trees)
Species (hudsonicus, or has a backbone,nurses its young, has long, sharp frontteeth, has a bushy tail, and has brown furon its back and white fur on its underparts)
THE BROWN SQUIRREL
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The lion belongs to the following groups: Kingdom Animalia (includes all animals)
Phylum Chordata (includes all vertebrate animals,
as well as some other more primitive ones)
Class Mammalia (includes all mammals)
OrderCarnivora (includes carnivorous mammals,
from bears to raccoons to harbor seals)
Family Felidae (includes all cats)
Genus Panthera (includes the great roaring cats:
lions, tigers, jaguars, and leopards)
Species leo (lions!)
THE LION
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When you classify an animal you
place it in the group to which it
belongs.
All animals are divided into groups.
The major groups are fairly simple. Each group is then divided into
smaller groups, and divided again,
until you eventually place the animal
in its exact position in the
classification of the Animal Kingdom.
http://www.learninghaven.com/science/articles/classifying_animals.htmhttp://www.learninghaven.com/science/articles/classifying_animals.htm -
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Each subsequent level of
classification eliminates animalsthat could be included in the
previous level.
For example, in mammals (the
class Mammalia) which ones are
eliminated by the description ofrodents (the order Rodentia)?
Name some.
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However, it is not necessary to go through
the entire seven-level classificationsystem to identify a plant or animal.
Just two names the genus and species
are sufficient already. Thus, the scientific name for the brown
squirrel is Tam iasc iurus hudson icus.
Because two names are used, the systemis known as the binomial(two names)
system of nomenclature (naming).
I it li t d?
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I sit complicated?
Yes, it is! For now, so for now, let us
make things simpler weare going to study animals
divided between withbackbones and without
bones
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Animals are living organisms thismeans that they breathe, eat, growand reproduce.
Plants are living organisms, too butthe biggest difference is that mostplants do not move, whereas most
animals do.And the true difference? Plantsproduce their own food, whereasanimals feed off other things.
What is an animal
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Bones or no bones
Animal KingdomInvertebrata
(without backbone)
Vertebrata/Chordata
(with backbone)
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Invertebrata
Echinodermat
a Cnidari
a/coelenterata
Platyhelminthes
Annelida
Nematoda
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifer
a
os an ma s are
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Invertebrata
os an ma s areinvertebrates. They
do not have a bonyskeleton inside theirbodies. Some like
insects, spiders andcrabs have a hardouter shell
(exoskeleton) whichprovides supportand protection for
the soft bod inside.
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Vertebrata
Fish
Amphibia
Reptilia
Aves/Bird
Mammalia
ver e ra e
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Vertebrata
ver e ra eanimals possess an
internal skeletonmade of bones, andin particular they
have a backbone orspine made up of aseries of bones
called vertebrae.Vertebrates make upless than 3% of the
world's animals.
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Vertebrates
Ectothermal(cold blooded)
Endothermal
(warm blooded)
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The terms warm-blooded
and cold-blooded refer tothe ways animals
maintain their internalbody temperature.
ectothermic
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Cold-blooded orectothermic
animals cannot regulate their
body temperature directly; it
is determined by the
temperature of their
surroundings.
ectothermic
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Warm-blooded or
endothermic animals areable to regulate their own
heat and can maintain aconstant internal
temperature
endothermic
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live in water
breathe with gills have skin covered with scales
have fins lay soft eggs
are cold-blooded
fish
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the young live in water, adults live on
land
the young breathe with gills, adultsbreathe with lungs
have moist, scale-less skin
have 4 legs
lay soft eggs
are cold-blooded.
amphibia
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mainly live on the land
breathe with lungs
have scaly skin
have 4 limbs
or no limbs (snakes)
lay eggs with leathery shells
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reptilia
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live on the land
breathe with lungs
have feathers covering their body
have 2 legs and 2 wings
most can fly lay eggs with hard shells
are warm-blooded.
Bird
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mammalia
mainly live on land
breathe with lungs
have fur or hair covering their body most have 4 legs, or 2 legs and 2 arms
give birth to live young (monotremes are an
exception) feed their young on milk produced by
mammary glands
are warm-blooded.
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3MAMMALGROUPS
Placentals
Marsupials
Monotremes
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maRSUPIALS
Marsupials are a group of mammals that
survive mainly in Australia and South
America. They give birth to live young ata very early stage of their development.
For some months after birth the young
animal continues to develop and grow ina special pouch on the mother where it
can feed from her milk glands.
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PLACENTALS
Placentals are the main group of
mammals to which humans, cats,
whales, bats and sheep belong. Theyoung are born well developed, after
receiving nutrition from the placentain the mother's uterus. Following
birth, the young are nourished by
milk.
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MONOTREMES
Monotremes are a very small group
comprising 3 species of primitive
egg-laying mammals found inAustralia and New Guinea: the
platypus and 2 species of echidna.Their young are fed on milk that
exudes from the mother's milk
lands.
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Invertebrates (no bones)
We are only going to look at two groups of
invertebrates. Spiders and insects. Many
people thing that spiders areinsects, but
they are wrong.
Insects have three main body parts and
six legs.
Spiders have two main body parts andeight legs.
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references
http://www.learninghaven.com/science/articles/classifying_animals.htm
http://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/animaladaptations/
http://www.teachingandlearningresources.co.uk/classification.pdf
http://wfs.sdstate.edu/wfsdept/courses/WL220/Ch5%20part%202_WL220l_Perkins.pdf
http://www.dowslane.org/classproj.html
http://www.mrsbutton.com/uploads/23_Classifying%20Animals.pdf
http://www.colemuseum.rdg.ac.uk/Animal%20Diversity%20Poster.pdf
http://www.itech.pjc.edu/rthrasher/ZOO1010/Printable_PPTs/Chp%204%20Classification%20&%20Phylogeny%20of%20Animals.pdf
http://wfs.sdstate.edu/wfsdept/courses/WL220/Ch5%20part%202_WL220l_Perkins.pdf
http://yennadon.sd42.ca/online/science/animalclass/index.html
http://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/Animal_classification.htm
http://www.lessonplansinc.com/biology_lesson_plans.php
http://can-do.com/uci/lessons98/Invertebrates.html
http://www.lessonplansinc.com/science.php/biology/types/Worksheet/P10/
http://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/animaladaptations/
http://ace.acadiau.ca/arts/classics/COURSES/2233/Nomenc/Nomenc_.htm
http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/0/7/7/6/1/9/A0776195.html
http://www.wellingtonzoo.com/learn/teacher/groups.html http://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/Animal_classification.htm
http://www.lethsd.ab.ca/mmh/grade3c/Gr3Web/Animals/animal_groups.htm
http://www.learninghaven.com/science/articles/classifying_animals.htmhttp://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/animaladaptations/http://www.teachingandlearningresources.co.uk/classification.pdfhttp://wfs.sdstate.edu/wfsdept/courses/WL220/Ch5%20part%202_WL220l_Perkins.pdfhttp://www.dowslane.org/classproj.htmlhttp://www.mrsbutton.com/uploads/23_Classifying%20Animals.pdfhttp://www.colemuseum.rdg.ac.uk/Animal%20Diversity%20Poster.pdfhttp://www.itech.pjc.edu/rthrasher/ZOO1010/Printable_PPTs/Chp%204%20Classification%20&%20Phylogeny%20of%20Animals.pdfhttp://wfs.sdstate.edu/wfsdept/courses/WL220/Ch5%20part%202_WL220l_Perkins.pdfhttp://yennadon.sd42.ca/online/science/animalclass/index.htmlhttp://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/Animal_classification.htmhttp://www.lessonplansinc.com/biology_lesson_plans.phphttp://can-do.com/uci/lessons98/Invertebrates.htmlhttp://www.lessonplansinc.com/science.php/biology/types/Worksheet/P10/http://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/animaladaptations/http://ace.acadiau.ca/arts/classics/COURSES/2233/Nomenc/Nomenc_.htmhttp://www.factmonster.com/ipka/0/7/7/6/1/9/A0776195.htmlhttp://www.wellingtonzoo.com/learn/teacher/groups.htmlhttp://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/Animal_classification.htmhttp://www.lethsd.ab.ca/mmh/grade3c/Gr3Web/Animals/animal_groups.htmhttp://www.lethsd.ab.ca/mmh/grade3c/Gr3Web/Animals/animal_groups.htmhttp://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/Animal_classification.htmhttp://www.wellingtonzoo.com/learn/teacher/groups.htmlhttp://www.factmonster.com/ipka/0/7/7/6/1/9/A0776195.htmlhttp://ace.acadiau.ca/arts/classics/COURSES/2233/Nomenc/Nomenc_.htmhttp://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/animaladaptations/http://www.lessonplansinc.com/science.php/biology/types/Worksheet/P10/http://can-do.com/uci/lessons98/Invertebrates.htmlhttp://can-do.com/uci/lessons98/Invertebrates.htmlhttp://can-do.com/uci/lessons98/Invertebrates.htmlhttp://www.lessonplansinc.com/biology_lesson_plans.phphttp://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/Animal_classification.htmhttp://yennadon.sd42.ca/online/science/animalclass/index.htmlhttp://wfs.sdstate.edu/wfsdept/courses/WL220/Ch5%20part%202_WL220l_Perkins.pdfhttp://www.itech.pjc.edu/rthrasher/ZOO1010/Printable_PPTs/Chp%204%20Classification%20&%20Phylogeny%20of%20Animals.pdfhttp://www.colemuseum.rdg.ac.uk/Animal%20Diversity%20Poster.pdfhttp://www.mrsbutton.com/uploads/23_Classifying%20Animals.pdfhttp://www.dowslane.org/classproj.htmlhttp://wfs.sdstate.edu/wfsdept/courses/WL220/Ch5%20part%202_WL220l_Perkins.pdfhttp://www.teachingandlearningresources.co.uk/classification.pdfhttp://school.discoveryeducation.com/lessonplans/programs/animaladaptations/http://www.learninghaven.com/science/articles/classifying_animals.htm