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Clean Air Rule
Sarah ReesSpecial Assistant, Climate Policy
January 13, 2016
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Clean Air Rule Concept
Ecology’s Clean Air Rule will set limits on carbon pollution in Washington.
The rule concept looks like this:
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Threshold for Coverage
60,000
65,000
70,000
75,000
80,000
85,000
90,000
95,000
100,000
105,000
2017 2020 2023 2026 2029 2032 2035 2038
Met
ric
Ton
s C
O2e
3
23 facilities
70 potential participants
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Organizations Affected
Emissions would be capped for:
Stationary Sources
Petroleum fuel producers
and importers
Natural Gas Distributors
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Not Included
TransAlta Coal Power Plant
Agricultural Practices
Emissions Associated with
Imported Electricity
Industrial Combustion of
Woody Biomass
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Examples of Stationary Sources
Large Industrial
PlantsPower Plants
Large Landfills
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Petroleum Fuel Producers
WA Refineries
• British
Petroleum
• Phillips 66
• Shell
• Tesoro
• U.S. Oil
Fuels Made
for Aviation or
Maritime Use
Fuels
Exported
Outside of
Washington
Petroleum Fuels Produced and Used in WA:
(gasoline, diesel, fuel oil, propane, etc.)
Imported Petroleum Fuels
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Natural Gas Distributors
Transmission &
Distribution
Residential Commercial
Stationary
Sources
Covered by
Program
Small
Industrial
Sources
Not in
Program
Natural Gas Local Distribution Companies:
• Avista
• Cascade Natural Gas
• Puget Sound Energy
• NW Natural
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Coverage by Source Category
Stationary
Sources 17%
Petroleum Fuel
Producers 35%
34%
About 2/3 of state
GHG emissions are
covered
Natural gas distributors 7%
Petroleum fuel importers 6%
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Setting a Cap
Establish a multi-year baseline or
starting point
Set the cap beginning in
a future year
Each company or organization would have
a cap
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Reduction Curve
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
2015 2020 2035
MM
T C
O2e
CAR Potential Emission Reductions Based on 2008 Reduction Limits
BAU statewide emissions
Statewide emissions with CAR
2008 statutory limits
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Compliance Options
Reducing emissions
below cap
Reporters voluntarily
participating in program
Projects, programs, or
emission reduction activities
Instruments from external
carbon markets
(e.g., allowances)
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Establishing Credits
Methane management (e.g., dairy digesters, landfills)
Transportation projects (e.g., commute trip reduction, fleet efficiency)
Energy (e.g., efficiency or renewable energy)
Projects in other sectors or involving other types of sources (e.g., cogeneration, refrigerants)
Credits or allowances verified through existing, established carbon markets.
Potential examples include:
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Timeline
Begin
Rulemaking
In–person
stakeholder &
public meetings
in Eastern &
Western WA (4)
Educational
Webinars (3)
Release
proposed rule
and draft
economic
analysis
SEPT 21, 2015
SEPT/OCT 2015
OCT 2015 WINTER-SPRING 2016
SUMMER 2016
Finalize
and Adopt
Rule
JAN 2016
Public
hearings and
comment
period
NOV 2015
Webinar Additional
stakeholder
meetings
WINTER-SPRING 2016
14