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Clouds and Precipitation
By: Nic Gildner
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Adiabatic Temperatures changes
• Adiabatic is referring to any process that occurs without heat transfer.
• This is also a concept used in many areas of engineering and physics.
http://screamingsqueegees.com/
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Orographic Lifting
• The vertical movement of air.• Happens on the windward side of a mountain.• Forcing the air to ascend, or move upward.
http://tornado.sfsu.edu/geosciences/classes/m815/Cases/HCR/HCR.html
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Frontal Wedging
• Boundary of colliding masses of cold and warm air.
• Also a process occurs in the front that is cold dense air.
• Warmer less dense air rises.https://www.meted.ucar.edu/sign_in.php?go_back_to=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.meted.ucar.edu%252Fmesoprim%252Fbandedprecip%252Fprint.htm
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Convergence
• Lifting of air• Results of the air in the lower atmosphere• With they both flow together • http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/
guides/mtr/cld/dvlp/cnvrg.rxml
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Localize Convective Lifting
• Occurs when there is unequal Heating on the Earth.
• Warms a pocket of air more then surrounding air.
• Lowering the air density.
http://www.bom.gov.au/info/clouds/
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Stability ( Density Differences & Stability and Daily Weather
• Happens when air temperature increases with height.
• Called temperature inversion
http://virtualskies.arc.nasa.gov/weather/5.html
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Condensation• Gas to liquid • Warm air can hold more moisture then cold
air• Condensation can damage a car.
http://www.istockphoto.com/stock-photo-56605-cold-glass-of-water-with-condensation.php
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Types of Clouds
• Cirrus clouds are high, white and thin clouds• Cumulus consist of rounded individual cloud
masses• They have flat bases and appearance over
domes or stadiums
http://changinginclimate.blogspot.com/2010/04/different-types-of-clouds.html
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High Clouds
• The bases are usually dark• High Clouds are called cirrus• High Clouds usually don’t produce
precipitation
https://www.meted.ucar.edu/sign_in.php?go_back_to=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.meted.ucar.edu%252Fhydro%252Fbasic_int%252Fflash_flood%252Fprint.htm
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Middle Clouds
• Made of ice crystals‘ and water droplets.• Middle Clouds can go up to 2000 to 8000m
http://braindanceisawayoflife.blogspot.com/2009/04/cloudspotters-guide.html
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Low Clouds
• Stratus up to6500• Lower clouds have puffy layers• And they are very common around the world
http://braindanceisawayoflife.blogspot.com/2009/04/cloudspotters-guide.html
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Clouds of Vertical Development
• Consist of different cloud types.• This occurs when warm air rises• They also have patterns to them.
http://www.teachengineering.org/view_activity.php?url=http://www.teachengineering.org/collection/cub_/activities/cub_air/cub_air_lesson04_activity4.xml
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Fog (by cooling an evaporating)
• A collection of liquid water droplets and ice crystals that form on the earth surface.
• A form a cloud that is very close to the ground. http://helicopterblog.com/?p=276
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Cold Cloud Precipitation ( Bergeron process)
• Also known as the cold rain ice crystals process.
• When is crystals form in higher clouds then usual..
• Water goes from liquid to vaperhttp://www.wunderground.com/blog/EastCoastWeather/archive.html?year=2005&month=12
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Warm Cloud Precipitation
• Is when air rises• Also the warm air would go above the colder
air.
http://is2104.wordpress.com/page/2/
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Rain and Snow
• Snow only occurs when it is blow frezzing• Rain occurs when the clouds are closer to the
ground then further away.
http://www.nelsoncountylife.com/2010/11/03/snow-showers-possible-in-highest-elevations-late-thursday-night/
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Sleet, Glaze and Hail
• Sleet is frozen rain.• Glaze is a thin coding of ice.• Hail is form of huge blocks of ice
http://honeyedhashette.blogspot.com/2011/01/zuppa-toscana.html