Download - Cold War Power Point 2007
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Bell Work• A paragraph (5-7 sentences)
answering the following question:
• Why did the Soviet Union fall? Can one person cause the downfall of an empire?
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Well, Certainly not this guy…
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The Cold War
The Fall of the Soviet Union
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Four Reasons for the Decline of the Soviet Union
1. The Arms Build-up2. Ethnic Unrest in the Soviet Union3. Independence Movements in former Soviet
satellites4. Global decline of Communism
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Leaders of the Major Powers
• United States1. President Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)2. President George H.W. Bush (1989-1993)• Soviet Union1. General-Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-
1991)• United Kingdom1. Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1979-1990)
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Ronald Reagan
• 40th President of the United States
• Domestic Policies included lowering taxes and shrinking the size of government. This was a stark contrast to the U.S.S.R.
• Foreign Policies included huge increases in military spending, and an aggressive approach to the totalitarian Soviet regime.
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Berlin Wall & Brandenburg Gate
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Reagan’s ‘Berlin Wall’ Speech
• President Reagan’s Speech at the Brandenburg Gate along the Berlin Wall is considered to be one of his and America’s greatest ever.
• Listen to how he challenges Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev.
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A few years later…
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Mikhail Gorbachev• Domestic Policies of Perestroika and
Glasnost to ensure more civil liberties. • Perestroika - Restructuring –
especially of the economy. Radical changes to the Soviet Union. It was an attempt to overcome economic stagnation.
• Glasnost – Openness – included Freedom of Speech and other civil liberties.
• Foreign Policies included disarmament and shrinking of the military. Got along famously with Margaret Thatcher, and to a lesser extent with Ronald Reagan.
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Gorbachev’s 1988 Speech to the U.N.• “Freedom of choice is a universal
principle to which there should be no exceptions”.
• “Our country is undergoing a truly revolutionary upsurge…Under the badge of of democratization, restructuring has now encompassed politics, the economy, spiritual life, and ideology”.
• “The Soviet Union has made a decision on reducing its armed forces. In the next two years, numerical strengths will be reduced by 500,000 persons, and the volume of conventional arms will also be cut considerably”.
• “No one intends to underestimate the serious nature of the disagreements, and the difficulties of the problems which have not been settled.”
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Margaret Thatcher• Domestic Policy in the U.K. was
similar to Reagan’s ideas of smaller government.
• Lowered inflation by decreasing the money supply.
• Took on several Trade Unions. • Lowered income taxes.• Privatization was also important.• Foreign Policy included the 1982
Falklands War, which Britain won handily.
• Along with Reagan, took a hard stance against the U.S.S.R., earning her the nickname “The Iron Lady”.
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For Example…
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Thatcher’s Last Address to Parliament
• Dubbed “Thatcher’s Last Stand Against Socialism”.
• Give at the House of Commons in London during Prime Minister’s questions.
• Listen to how she attacks the opposition and even accuses their policies of being socialist.
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Quiz
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Quiz• 1. Identify the three leaders we talked about.• 2. Identify where the three speeches were given.• 3. Reasons for the fall of the Soviet Union:
a. The Arms Build-up T/Fb. Global Warming T/Fc. Ethnic Unrest in the Soviet Union T/Fd. President George H.W. Bush’s increase in military spending
T/Fe. Independence Movements in former Soviet satellitesf. Australian Wars T/Fg. Global decline of Communism T/F