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Collaborating at speed
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Todays Agenda
Concept and VisionA New ParadigmApplications
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InternetNZ NGI Steering Group
Neil James (Chair) – speaker today
John Hine – speaker today
Simon Riley– speaker today
Roger De Salis
John Houlker
Laurence Zwimpfer
Don Hollander
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NGI - Concept and Vision
What is NGI? NGI Capability Study reportNGI Consortium establishmentNGI Applications groupsRelationship between NGI and ‘Broadband’
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What is NGI?
Briefly…October 1996 – Internet2To enable revolutionary Internet applicationsTo create a leading edge network capability for the national research communityTo ensure the rapid transfer of new network services and applications to the broader Internet community.
High speed, new protocols and middleware
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NGI Characteristics
Very high speed
Very high reliability
Always on
Innovative applications
QoS
Low latency
Multicast capabilities
Directories, authentication and security
Peer relationships
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Old Internet
coexistence with analog broadcast networkscircuit-switched telephone networksproprietary data networks
data, voice, and broadcast networks converge into an interconnected network of digital, packet-switched IP networks.
Next Generation Internet
limited bandwidth
intermittent availability
‘over-supply’ of bandwidthpermanent and pervasive access
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… and we are not part of it!
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Capability Study
Background Support by Industry NZ, Cisco,
University of Otago and InternetNZ
Three months research
Report released in October
Key recommendationsProceed to establish a network
Set up a consortium of interested parties
Set up applications development groups
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We are looking for changes
A new communications model is sought
‘The Paradox of the Best Network’, David Isenberg and David Weinberger
New charging/funding models for a new communications regime
Business to business fibre and wavelength services
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University of Otago
Lincoln University
University of Canterbury
AgResearch
CityLink
Victoria University of Wellington
Massey University
University of Waikato
Auckland University of Technology
University of Auckland
Initial members:
Establishment of Consortium
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NGI Consortium
Not an exclusive club
Interim organisation
First tasks
Appoint a Project Director
Develop a full business case
Network commissioned by September 2003
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NGI Applications Groups
Creative – Simon Riley
Biotechnology – Phillip Lindsay, J Kistler
Education & E-Learning – Geoff Mitchell
ICT – Mark Billinghurst
NGI technologies – Nevil Brownlee, Ian Graham
Tele-health
AgriTech
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Relationship between NGI & ‘Broadband’
The applications link
Potential end-game
parallel with the development of the Internet
what is happening in the US and Canada?
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NGI - A New Paradigm
Then and Now
Technology Drivers
Grid Computing
Middleware
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The NZ Internetca1990
Multiple efforts
National coordination
Different lessons
Inter-connectivity
Governance
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Metro
Regional
Regional
Multiple efforts
National coordination
New lessons
Inter-operability
Governance
The NGI 2003?
POP
POP
POP
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Technology Drivers
Computers
Moore’s law
Performance per $ doubles every 18 months
Fibre Optics
Dense Wave Division Multiplexing
Bandwidth per $ doubles every 12 months!
Convergence of computers and communication
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A Paradigm Shift
The Internet The NGI
Connectivity
Interoperation
Collaboration
Shared Resources
Virtual Organisations
Communication
Shared Information
Personal Productivity
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Virtual Organisation
storageprovidercycle
provider
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VO Requirements
Universal participation
Interoperability of applications
Spontaneous
Lightweight protocols
Shared resources
Discovery of resources, quality and quantity
Authentication of all entities
Authorisation of resource use
Multi-institutional
Respect for local policies
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Grid Computing
Coordinates resources that are not subject to centralised control…
… using standard, open, general-purpose protocols and interfaces…
… to deliver nontrivial qualities of service
Ian Foster, July 2002
- the now NGI
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Access Grid
Group interactions
Up to 20 per site
Large format multimedia display
Integrated presentation facilities
Interactive interfaces
Integration of local desktop
Multicast video
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Access GridMonday, November 48:00 am to 2:00 pm CT9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. ETJanet Brown, [email protected]: Jack Frost RoomMeeting including NCAR and NCSA viaAccessGrid
Monday, November 43pm-5pm CTRobert Jacob, [email protected]: Full Sail RoomSciDAC Climate Team meetingURL: www-fp.mcs.anl.gov/fl/accessgrid/climate.htmMonthly AG meeting for SciDAC climateconsortium. This month features a presentationfrom the Earth System Grid project
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Access Grid
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Access Grid
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“Performance”Grid
One Stage
The Performers Control
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NEESgrid
Through the NEESgrid, researchers will:
Perform tele-observation and tele-operation of experiments;
Publish to and make use of a curated data repository using standardized markup;
Access computational resources and open-source analytical tools;
Access collaborative tools for experiment planning, execution, analysis, and publication.
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International Virtual Data Grid
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Resources in US, Europe, Asia and South America
Share astronomical resources
Develop peta-byte scale applications
CERN Compact Muon Solenoid
Largest magnet ever built
Petabyte databases
MacDiarmid Centre
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Biomedical Informatics Research
Leverage revolutions in
Biology
Computing
Technology
Large scale medical science
Collaboration amongst neuroscientists and medical scientists
Composite of 20 normal brains
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HAPTICS- Simulates Touch
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HAPTICS- Simulates Touch
• MIT and London team report first transatlantic touch - Oct 2002
• The first time that two phantoms have been used to "touch" a human rather than a virtual object
• PHANToM a pencil like device which sends small impulses at very high frequencies - up to 1000Hz - down the internet.
• Pushing on the pen sends data representing forces through the internet that can be interpreted by a PHANTOM and therefore felt on the other end. You can not only feel the resulting force, but you can also get a sense of the quality of the object you're feeling - whether it's soft or hard, wood like or fleshy.'
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Middleware
NSF middleware initiative definitionMiddleware refers to an evolving layer of services that resides between the network and more traditional applications for managing security, access and information exchange.
Middleware Services
Applications
Local Op Sys Local Op Sys Local Op Sys
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Middleware Services
Naming and identification
Location
Communication
Authentication
Authorisation
Resource Management
Transparency
Dependability
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Digital Teleportation
Enable speakers to be teleported into the venue from anywhere in the world
A major UK bank used teleportation of banking experts from a central location to bank branches.
Texas Governor Rick Perry materialized before a group of Richardson businessmen
www.teleportec.com
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Digital Teleportation
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NGI Applications
OverviewDemand Drivers Examples
Creative Sector and the ArtsHealthEducationE- Business E Science - Grid Computing Film TV Post Production
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NGI Applications Overview
Distributed computationVirtual laboratoriesDigital video and audio libraries.Distributed learningDigital videoTele-immersionAll of the above in combination
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NGI Applications - Key Attributes
Interactive research collaboration and instruction
Real-time access to remote resources
Large-scale, multi-site computation and data mining
Visualization - Shared virtual reality
Collaboration
Any combination of the Above
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Fall 2002 Internet2 Demos
Digital Video Transport System
English Language Instruction via Internet2
Handheld Devices for Streaming Multimedia with Access Grid Nodes
High Quality Video over High Performance Networks
inSORS Access Grid
Internet2 Performance for Medical Imaging Applications
Monterey Marine Sanctuary Live Underwater Video
Portable Internet2 High-Speed Access via Satellite
RADVISION viaIP Multiprotocol Conferencing Solution
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Real-Time Remote Sensing Applications
Shadow netWorkspace
Shibboleth
Soundmesh: Internet Sound Exchange
Touch Across the Atlantic
Visuo-Haptic Applications for Anatomy and Surgery Education Over the NGI
VRVS: Global Platform for Rich Media Conferencing and Collaboration
Extreme Quality Media Distribution: Options that Work
Super High Definition Digital Video over Internet2
Fall 2002 Internet2 Demos
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What are other countries doing to support NGI Applications and Networking?
USA - NGI budget approx US$100 million / yr
Canada - Federal Government support approx
$ 500 million since 1995
Australia - current Federal Government support being A$37 million, plus A$93 million leveraged from industry, for advanced network projects
NZ – ICT only accounts for approx $10 million, or less than 3%, in total research funding.
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Impact of Change
The history of communication technology tells us that the fastest growing applications are not travel substitutions but rather new interactions.
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Impact of Change
Current Internet
Passive, unintelligent
Communication
Next Generation Internet
Active, intelligent
Collaboration
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Introduction of the Telephone
Promoted as a device for:• Home shopping – order goods over the phone• Tele-medicine – consult with a doctor• Tele-church – hear church services over the phone• Listening to concerts
Sound familiar?
The concept that there would be a market to use the telephone just for talking or chatting was inconceivable
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Internet2 Speed Record
Canadian Researchers Break Records for Data Transfer . Peak transfer rates in excess of 1 Gigabit/second were achieved to transfer a Terabyte of research data (equivalent to the amount of data on approximately 1500 CDs) from disk-to-disk at rates equivalent to a full CD in less than 8 seconds (or a full length DVD movie in less than 1 minute). "
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Time to Tansmit 1.6 Tbit Image
Circuit Type Bandwidth Min(1000) Days
Modem 56Kps 476 K min 331 days
ADSL 1.5Mbs 18 K min 12 days
OC-3 155Mbs 172min 3 hrs days
OC-12 622Mbs 43min
OC-48 2.5Gbs 11min
OC-192 10Gbs 3min
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Broadband Applications
No distinction between Broadband and NGI applications
Broadband Applications will be incubated in an NGI environment
Collaboration not Content
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Demand Drivers
It’s the Pricing - stupid
New Business Models
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Bandwidth vs Computing Capacity
Adding bandwidth will become more cost-effective than buying new computers
Gartner Report October 2002
• Optical bandwidth capabilities are increasing by 100% per year
• Computing capacity is rising by just 60% annually,
• Grid computing• Distributed applications• Fewer, more centralized data centers
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Peer to Peer File Sharing
• P2P traffic challenges the business model for basic Internet access
• P2P activity swamping broadband networks
• P2P activity accounts for up to 60 per cent of the total traffic on any service provider network Sandvine Report Sept 2002
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Applications or Competition?
• Once a technology is perceived as having broad utilitarianvalue, price, as opposed to features or applications drive Penetration
• Every year the PC has new applications• But the biggest driver for widespread PC in
the home is low cost• What is the driver for low cost?• COMPETITION
» Bill St Arnaud Canarie
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CA*net 4 Vision
World's First Customer Empowered Network
• Customers at the edge of the network own and control their own wavelengths
• Customer can re-route or re-terminate wavelength any time they so chose
• Customer owned wavelengths will be extended to individual institutions and ultimately individual researchers
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Art and Humanities
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Arts
“ Dancing Beyond Boundaries"
• An unprecedented distance collaboration between artists, engineers, computer scientists and video producers
• The choreographer, dancers, animation artists, musicians, computer scientists, engineers and producers were in different cities in North and South America as the piece is created, rehearsed and premiered over the 4 days in November 2001
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HiPArt
• Scientific Computing and Visualization group Boston University
• Collaboration between software developers and artists and making high performance computing, networking, and graphics resources available to the art community.
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ArtWorld
• ArtWorld, is a collaborative, networked, multi-user, virtual reality environment
• filled with animated models, artwork and audio created by New England artists.
• Supports localized telephony and audio for each entity, participant avatars and user-defined "robots”
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ArtWorld
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Health and Sciences
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Health
• TeleMedicine driven by clinical and medical applications
• TeleHealth driven by local health care needs.
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CSIRO e-Health
• TeleHomecare– Hospital without walls
• Tele-Ultrasound– Addressing Australia's remote health
needs• Medical Imaging
– High level imaging
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TeleHomecare
• "Hospital Without Walls"• Monitors the vital signs of patients in
their homes, thus decreasing hospitalisation or other types of institutional care.
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Tele-Ultrasound
Low bandwidth, real-time tele-ultrasound system
* Remotely captures and stores high resolution still images.
* Based on a standard Personal Computer. * Provides clinically acceptable
performance over 128 - 256 Kbits/sec links.
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Tele-Ultrasound
* Scales automatically to provide optimum performance with the available communications bandwidth.
* During the examination the medical consultant controls all transmission parameters, including the size, position and image quality of the Region of Interest
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ecg@Home - healthfrontier.com
• Web, Wireless and Trans-telephonic ECG monitor• Records and stores the electrical heart signal • Transmits the data to anyone and anywhere in the
world via the web, a wireless device or via the telephone.
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Internet2 K20 Initiative
• Internet2 K20 Initiative brings together Internet2 member institutions, primary and secondary schools, colleges and universities, libraries, and museums to get new technologies—advanced networking tools, applications, middleware, and content—into the hands of innovators, across all educational sectors in the United States, as quickly and as “connectedly” as possible.
• Digital California Project
One Gigabit broadband to all schools by 2005
One Gigabit broadband to all Californians by 2010
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Imagining the Future
ThinkQuest 3 year Global Project
Exploration of advanced digital technologies , Future learning systems and supportive technologies on how young people learn when they have access to advanced technologies, including high-performance broadband networks, large-scale public digital resources
Research will focus on human-computer interaction, tele-collaboration, cognitive science, user interfaces, VR, 3D gaming environments, visualization systems, wireless technologies
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Hands-On Universe
HOU students at Northfield Mount Hermon and Oil City High Schools USA discovered Kuiper Belt asteroid
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Hands-On Universe
The red arrows point to the asteroid in each image.
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E-Business
California 2002 NGI Grant ProgramObjectives
- advance e-Business and improve value chain efficiencies. - real-time value chain (RTVC) innovations
Examples • real-time planning and execution for outsourced supply chains• global trade system makes seamless cross-border
transactions by reducing customs delays and compliance penalties.
• storing, signing, and routing digital e-procurement documents accessed by people in multiple companies and government agencies throughout the value chain.
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E Science Grid Computing
• Forest Fire Modeling• Meteorological eScience• Canadian Forestry Grid• Neptune eScience Grid Interactive Seafloor
Observatory• Neptune Fish Services
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Forest Fire Modeling
• Emergency officials and civic defense officials need to model forest fires in real time
• But each forest fire model may take hours to compute
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Meteorological eScience
• The European Meteo GRID work package will develop adaptations to an existing weather-prediction code for on-demand localized weather prediction and thus be the first step towards a weather prediction portal.
• Canadian Weather Service could make meteorological forecasts to a 100 km grid and then send intermediate data to schools and communities
• Schools and communities using local distributed computing resources combined with input from local weather instruments to make a localize forecast down to 1 km grid
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Canadian Forestry Grid
• A National Project under the auspices of the Canadian Forest Service and the Canadian Space Agency.
• Meeting International Obligations for natural resource management and climate change. E.G. The Kyoto Protocol. (1997)
• A 15 Year, $49 million project. 3-year, phase 1 now under way. Core methodologies are satellite, Thematic Mapper (TM) based, remote sensing employing radar and optical sensors.
Earth Observation for Sustainable Development (of Forests)
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Neptune eScience Grid
• Joint US-Canadian project to build large undersea dark fiber network off west coast of USA and Canada
• Neptune will be used to gather research data in a variety of fields – seismology, sea vents, fish migrations and population, deep sea aquatic life, etc
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Neptune – Undersea Grid
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Neptune – Fish Surveys
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Neptune – Earthquake Research
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Film TV Post Production
MediaNet
Owns and manages a dual OC48 (2.4Gbps) backbone in Los Angeles with high-speed connections to major production centers around the world inc Auckland
• Live video collaboration
• Digital dailies at the desktop
• Transport and management of high-definition video.
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Sohonet
• Advanced digital media network to transfer film and video footage
• Established by a Consortium of leading Video, Digital Film, Sound and Special effects companies of London SOHO area in 1995.
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Technical Overview
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• 155 Megabits per second ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
International - Los Angeles• 622Mbps ATM link • Cable & Wireless
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Sohonet Outcomes
• Internet Connectivity - Fast permanent internet access
• Drag and drop film segments from other production houses
• Physically and Politically easier to collaborate on very large projects
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• Directors/Producers in Hollywood can communicate with London via videoconferencing equipment to discuss shots and give approval
• Increase its customer base
Sohonet Outcomes
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Sohonet Success Factors
• Success still comes out of a recognizable geographical unit.
• Community culture and 'mindset' is a real commodity which American film companies companies want to buy into.
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New Zealand
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New Zealand
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New Zealand
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New Zealand
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New Zealand
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Imagine Entrepreneurs
• New applications will be limited only by the imagination of entrepreneurs and designers
It's our Minds that lack Bandwidth
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The NGI Vision for New Zealand
An innovative and globally-connected economy, with state of the art national internet infrastructure delivering bandwidth at capacities and prices that encourage collaboration, and stimulate researchers and entrepreneurs to seek new challenges and business opportunities.
this vision reaches out to all New Zealanders, beyond the tertiary education and research sectors, to school, businesses and the community, creating a widespread "innovation culture".
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The NGI Vision for New Zealand
The Internet has shown us the way
The world NGI initiatives show us the future
Advanced applications will take us there
....using networks that are very reliable very fast very affordable ubiquitous
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Thanks to
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