Download - COM 110 Ch 9 Groups
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Communicating in Groups Chapter 9
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LO1 • Effective work group
LO2 • Stages of group development
LO3 • Different types of groups (work groups)
LO4 • Evaluate a group’s performance
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LO1 • Effective work group
LO2 • Stages of group development
LO3 • Different types of groups (work groups)
LO4 • Evaluate a group’s performance
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How do we maximize group
effectiveness?
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Define “Group”
3 or more people
Interact and influence
Common purpose
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What do you dislike about working in a
group?
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Do you think that is “normal”??
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Healthy Groups
…have ethical goals.
…are interdependent.
…are cohesive.
…develop and abide by
productive norms.
…are accountable.
…are synergetic.
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1. Ethical Goals
Do not require members to behave in
ways that • Are not in their interest
• Could harm them
Groups can create unethical culture
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2. Interdependent
All parts are needed
All people are needed to complete
different parts
Goes against our cultural teachings
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3. Cohesive
“Attractiveness” of the group
Voluntary membership
Feeling free to share opinions*
Support, encouragement*
◦ Listening skills, feedback, respect
Achieves goals / accomplishment*
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4. Productive Norms
Norms: Expectations for behavior
◦ Formal “Ground rules”
◦ Informal
Counter-productive norms?
Productive norms?
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5. Accountability
Responsible for adhering to norms
Violating a norm = Sanction
Addressing counterproductive norms
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6. Synergy
Group outcome is greater than individual
outcome
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LO1 • Effective work group
LO2 • Stages of group development
LO3 • Different types of groups (work groups)
LO4 • Evaluate a group’s performance
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Stages of Group Development
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning
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Forming:
•Uncertainty
•Orientation – “get to know you”
•Testing
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Forming – Tips:
• Positive
• Good attitude
• Appropriate self-disclosure
• Avoid disagreeable comments
• Relax
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Storming:
• Begin to make decisions
• Conflict
• Power plays
• Disagreements
• “Too much” – what happens?
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Storming:
•“Groupthink”
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Storming – Tips:
•Encourage discussion
•Avoid rude language or nonverbals
•Use listening skills
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Norming:
• Rules for behavior become more clear
• Increased cohesion
• Collaboration
• Emerging trust
• Motivation to achieve group goal.
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Performing:
• Begin to meet goals
• Conversations focus on tasks
• Less energy toward “norms”
• Harmony, productivity, problem-solving
• Shared leadership
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Adjourning:
•Goal accomplishment
•Celebration
•Disengagement
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LO1 • Effective work group
LO2 • Stages of group development
LO3 • Different types of groups (work groups)
LO4 • Evaluate a group’s performance
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Work group:
Group of people formed to solve a
problem or accomplish a task
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Goals Size
Members Task-
oriented
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Goals
•Clear
•Specific
•Challenging
•Motivating
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Size
• Discussion time
• Complexity of issue
• Communication skills of members
• Typically 3-5
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Members
• Diverse
• Different knowledge, skills
• Organization – may need representation from different areas
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Tasks
• Seek collaboration to resolve conflict
• Update members on status of individual efforts
• Appropriately credit member contributions
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LO1 • Effective work group
LO2 • Stages of group development
LO3 • Different types of groups (work groups)
LO4 • Evaluate a group’s performance
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Group dynamics
The way a group interacts to achieve its goal.
Effective groups evaluate how their interactions affect their accomplishments, and how members relate to each other.
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LO1 • Effective work group
LO2 • Stages of group development
LO3 • Different types of groups (work groups)
LO4 • Evaluate a group’s performance