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Commodore Carlos L Agustin AFP (Ret)President, National Defense College of the Philippines
11th ASEAN Regional Forum Heads of Defense Universities/Colleges/Institutions Meeting
9-11 October 2007 Canberra, Australia
TRANSFORMING PHILIPPINE DEFENSE AND MILITARY
EDUCATION TO COPE WITH FUTURE CHALLENGES
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I. Introduction: The Strategic Environment and the Role of the Armed Forces
II. Responding to Challenges Through Professional Defense and Military Education
III. Conclusion: The Way Forward in Defense Education
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I. INTRODUCTION: THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT AND THE ROLE OF
THE ARMED FORCES
Additional roles apart from territorial defense
The 21st Century ushered in a more complex and uncertain strategic environment
Threats involve challenges from internal and external sources of instability
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• Internal security operations
• Counter-terrorism
• Disaster response
• Support to national development
• International humanitarian assistance and peacekeeping operations
• Others
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• Communist Party of the Philippines-New People’s Army (CPP-NPA)
• Southern Philippines: Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the Bangsamoro Islamic Armed Forces (MILF-BIAF), MNLF splinter groups
• Terrorism: Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), Rajah Sulayman Movement (RSM) and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI)
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0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1stSem06
CPP/NPA Personnel Strength, Firearms, Affected Barangays, and Guerilla Fronts (1978-1st Sem of 2006)
Strength Firearms Affected Brgys Guerilla FrontsSource: J2
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Delivery basic services in rebel-infested areas
Kalayaang Barangay (Freedom Villages) Program
Performance of certain critical government functions Army Literacy Patrol System (ALPS)Military assistance for transport and security in certain areas.
Support to national infrastructure development Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Transformation of conflict-affected areas to peace and development zones
Other servicesConflict Resolution and Peace Building
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• Disaster Emergency Assistance Rescue and Relief Training (DEART)
• Assistance to disaster affected areas
• Search and rescue operations
• Transport of relief supplies
• Provide personnel and logistics to secure or evacuate an area
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PovertyUnderdevelopmentLack of Education
Lack of Basic Services
LEFT HAND
RIGHT HAND
LEFT HAND RIG
HT
HAND
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MINUSTAH
Haiti
Troops: 157
UNMIL
Liberia
Troops: 170
Military Observers: 3
UNMIS
Sudan
Military Observers 13
UNOCI
Cote d’Ivoire
Troops: 3
Military Observers: 2
UNMIT
Timor-Leste
Military Observers: 3
TOTAL AFP PERSONNEL DEPLOYED: 351
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II. RESPONDING TO CHALLENGES THROUGH PROFESSIONAL DEFENSE
AND MILITARY EDUCATION
“The possession of an extensive body of knowledge is central to the
professionalization of a military corps.” – Samuel Huntington
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Philippine Military Academy (PMA)
National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP)
Air Education andTraining Command
(AETC)
Training and Doctrine Command
(TRADOC)
Naval Education and Training Command
(NETC)
Command and General Staff College (CGSC)
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Policy and curriculum review: AFP Education and Training Board
Review various education and training programs of the AFP (CGSC and other AFP and services schools)
Identify courses and programs to address military needs and requirements
Conduct of regular program and curriculum reviews DND Special Committee on Education and Training
Review various education and training programs of the DND-AFP
Identify courses and programs to address defense needs and requirements
Conduct of regular program and curriculum reviews
Ongoing Philippine Defense review (PDR)
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• “National Security is the concern of all sectors of society, not just the military”
• Whole-of-government approach
• Master in National Security Administration (MNSA) subjects:
National Security Policy StudiesHuman Rights Development and Economics
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First conducted in 2003: Four-week finishing course for generals and flag officers
Objectives: Expose course participants to dynamics
of national security and develop strategy formulation
Enhance and develop power factors and dimensions in pursuit of national development
Next CAPSTONE Course on November 2007
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Other Approaches to Professional Education and Training
AFP Education and Benefits Systems Office which, provides scholarships for AFP personnel to pursue higher education
Currently considering better integration of civilian professional education in planning, support and implementation of military operations and strategy.
Promotes greater understanding of the government’s holistic approach
Considers human rights and CMO education as priorities
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• To address the need for greater human rights awareness within the AFP
• To integrate human rights education and training in all career and specialized courses for military personnel
• As a requirement for promotion within the AFP
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• Ensure uniform training for Filipino peacekeepers and military observers
• Instruct personnel on roles, duties and responsibilities of UN peacekeepers
• Provide briefing on local culture and geo-politics in areas of deployment
Functions: (Established 2002)
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United States IMET Joint Exercises: Balikatan, Piston Exercises, CARAT Joint Training: Light Reaction Battalion (LRB)
Australia Educational exchanges and scholarships Joint Exercises:
CARACHA, LUMBAS
Other scholarships, training programs and military exercises with allied countries (UK, China, Japan, ROK, EU)
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• Strengthen linkage between education and training to the Defense mission
• Institute comprehensive and system-wide reforms
• Create “a strong, capable and responsive” Philippine Defense establishment based on the findings of the Joint Defense Assessment (JDA)
• Address current and future threats
• Foster a secure environment conducive to national development
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1. Multi-year Defense Planning System
2. Improvement of Intelligence, Operations and Training Capacity
3. Improved Logistics Capacity
4. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
5. Improvement of Personnel Management Systems
6. Multi-year Capability Upgrade
7. Optimized Defense Budget and Improved Management Controls
8. Centrally Managed Defense Acquisition
9. Development of Strategic Communication
10. Information Management Development
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“Develop, integrate and institutionalize a comprehensive Professional Development
System capable of sustaining organizational excellence and mission performance through significant improvements of
essential education and training capabilities and character building mechanisms required
for a professional defense force”
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• Standardization of training, education and leadership courses
• Review and improvement of existing career systems
• Development of training cycles relative to career fields from recruitment to retirement
• Development of institutional certain critical areas
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Critical areas where Institutional and individual competencies needed :
• Strategic communication
• Project management
• Change management
• Information management
• Defense resource management
• Acquisition
• Strategic planning
• Multi-year budgeting
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• Create a clear career path for defense civilian personnel
• Attract, recruit and train new personnel
• Establish a pool of researchers, specialists, analysts, strategic thinkers and policy makers
• Develop, implement and sustain individual programs geared towards national security and development
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III. THE WAY FORWARD IN DEFENSE EDUCATION
• Harness the power of Technology
• Active collaboration among defense educational institutions
• Robust Defense-academe/industry partnership
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“The officer of today must be far more highly trained…than the officer of the past.”
-British Sec of War Lord RB Haldane (1856-1928
)
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Thank you and
Mabuhay!
www.ndcp.edu.ph