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Community Health Nursing ASN 260
Chapter 12-IggyMass Casualty IncidentsS. Tapp MSN BSN RN
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Objectives• The student will be able to:
• Identify components of and key personnel roles in an emergency preparedness and response plan
• Identify agents that could potentially be used in a terrorist event and the nurse’s role in assessment and care of clients exposed to these agents
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Disaster• Disaster—an event in which illness or injuries exceed resource
capabilities of a community or medical facility:• Violence• Illness outbreaks• Severe weather• Earthquakes• Avalanches• Fire
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Disaster Management• Four levels
• Disaster prevention/mitigation• Disaster preparedness• Disaster response• Disaster recovery
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Multi-Casualty Events and Mass Casualty Events• Multi-Casualty Event—can be managed by a hospital using
local resources
• Mass Casualty Event—local medical capabilities are overwhelmed and may require the collaboration of multiple agencies and health care facilities to handle the crisis
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Super Storm Sandy
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Impact of Recent Disasters
• Events of September 11, 2001• HAZMAT training• Emergency preparedness
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Emergency Preparedness and Response• In mass casualty or disaster situations, a military form of
triage is implemented with the overall goal of doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people
• Safety concerns for providers in the field
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Disaster Triage Tag System
• Red Tag—emergent
• Yellow Tag— can wait a short time for care
• Green Tag—nonurgent or “walking wounded”
• Black Tag—are expected to die or are dead
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Notification and Activation of Emergency Preparedness Plans• Radio or cellular communication between the ED and EMS
providers at the scene
• Media broadcast message via radio, television, or electronic announcements
• DMAT team AD
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Hospital Incident Command System• Common organizational model for disaster management• Roles formally structured under the hospital or long-term care
facility incident commander with clear lines of authority and accountability for specific resources
• Emergency Operations Center or Command Center• Hospital incident commander• Medical command physician• Triage officer
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Role of Nursing in Hospital Incident Command System • Meet patient needs • Personal emergency preparedness plan• Personal readiness supplies or “go bag”
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Basic Supplies for Personal Preparedness (3-Day Supply)
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Objectives Review• The student will be able to:
• Identify components of and key personnel roles in an emergency preparedness and response plan
• Identify agents that could potentially be used in a terrorist event and the nurse’s role in assessment and care of clients exposed to these agents
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