![Page 1: Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and Antarctic Justin Buck and Daphne Fautin Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d635503460f94a45b42/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and
AntarcticJustin Buck and Daphne Fautin
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural History
Museum
(http://web.nhm.ku.edu/inverts/Image/)
![Page 2: Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and Antarctic Justin Buck and Daphne Fautin Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d635503460f94a45b42/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is a Sea Anemone?
• Benthic marine animal in the order Actiniaria
• Found at all depths in every ocean in the world
(http://web.nhm.ku.edu/inverts/Image/)
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Benthic Animal Diversity Trends
• “The Antarctic has much higher species richness yet lacks the ecological diversity of the Arctic” (Dayton, et al., 1994: p. 90)
Group Antarctic Arctic
Mollusks 875 224
Polychaetes 650 300
Isopoda 299 49
Sponges 300 200
Sea Anemones
? ?
Number of Recorded Benthic Species for Certain Groups in Arctic and Antarctic (Barry & Grebmeier, 1991)
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Hexacorallians of the World
• http://hercules.kgs.ku.edu/hexacoral/anemone2/index.cfm
• Website created in Daphne Fautin’s lab
![Page 5: Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and Antarctic Justin Buck and Daphne Fautin Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d635503460f94a45b42/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Preliminary Data
• More diversity is shown in Arctic than Antarctic
• What will normalizations do to this data?
020406080
100120140160180200
Genera Species
AntarcticArctic
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Normalizations
• Area:– Arctic and Antarctic
Oceans
• Effort– Number of
publications– Number of Expeditions
(http://hercules.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/expedition/challenger_1872-1876/challenger.html)
(http://www2.kah-bonn.de/1/16/0e.htm)
![Page 7: Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and Antarctic Justin Buck and Daphne Fautin Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d635503460f94a45b42/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Area Normalization
020406080
100120140160180200
Genera Species
AntarcticArctic • Used data in latitudinal
ranges from 50º-90º North and South
• The Arctic Ocean is about 1/4th the size of the Antarctic Ocean (Garrison, 1996)
(http://www2.kah-bonn.de/1/16/0e.htm)
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0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
Genera Species
AntarcticArctic
Publication Normalization
• Relationship of genera per publication and species per publication
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Expeditions Normalization
• There have been 4 times more expeditions to the Arctic than to the Antarctic
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Genera Species
AntarcticArctic
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Summary of Normalizations
• Area – Arctic greater diversity
• Publications – Arctic species greater diversity– Antarctic genera greater diversity
• Expeditions– Antarctic greater diversity
![Page 11: Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and Antarctic Justin Buck and Daphne Fautin Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d635503460f94a45b42/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Original descriptions per year
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1758-1790
1791-1820
1821-1850
1851-1880
1881-1910
1911-1940
1941-1970
1971-2005
OriginalDescriptions
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Conclusion
• The Arctic seems to be much more diverse than the Antarctic
Group Antarctic Arctic
Mollusks 875 224
Polychaetes 650 300
Isopoda 299 49
Sponges 300 200
Sea Anemones
76 189
![Page 13: Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and Antarctic Justin Buck and Daphne Fautin Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d635503460f94a45b42/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Further Study
• Compare diversity of sea anemones in every ocean in the world
• Compare the diversity at different depths as well
![Page 14: Comparing Sea Anemone Diversity in the Arctic and Antarctic Justin Buck and Daphne Fautin Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Natural](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d635503460f94a45b42/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Acknowledgments
Suman Kansakar
Ha-Rim Cha Abby Reft
Matt Kost Bryan Tangney Amanda Schmidt
P.E.E.T. Grant