Table of Contents Definition of Terms Background History Of CAM The CAM Concept Types of CAM
Alternative Medical Systems Mind and Body interventions Biologically based therapies Manipulative and body based therapies Energy therapies
Reasons for increased use of CAM Kenyan Status Conclusion Question and Answer
Complementary medicine -use of CAM together
with conventional medicine. Alternative medicine- use of CAM in place of
conventional medicine Integrative medicine -combines both
conventional and CAM
Historical Origin of African traditional medicine Herbs Special diet Super natural powers Beneficial taboos/ routines Bad Omens Blessings
Historical Origin of CAM- Japan 1990- at Kieju G Hospital , a
patient with genital warts.
Prognosis: Hard to cure. Patient
feels pain after surgery.
Day of operation: lesion had
completely disappeared
Reason: Fermented coix seeds.
TYPES OF CAM
1. ALTERNATIVE MEDICAL SYSTEMS Evolved earlier than the conventional systems currently in use. They include,
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Ayurvedic medicine Naturopathy Homeopathy . Shamanism
YIN and YANG
Qi is viewed as either yin or yang energy. Opposites and complementary, Health= Balance Disease/Illness= imbalance.
Ginger root is
often used in
traditional
Chinese medicine
to treat symptoms
of indigestion, the
common cold, and
other ailments.
Traditional Chinese medicine is an ancient practice still used by millions of people all over the world even after the development of modern scientific medicine
Traditional Chinese Medicine
pathy NATUROPATHY Natural laws Disease=Ignoring natural laws Examples Sedentary lifestyle without adequate time for
exercise; exposing oneself to environmental toxins; eating processed, overcooked foods; engaging in negativity or harboring negative
thoughts; and not getting adequate rest or relaxation.
Naturopathy- use of natural treatments, such as exposure to sunlight, fresh air and a healthy diet of organically grown foods.
Ayurveda is defined as the "science of life" or the "art and science of life and longevity
Proper exercise, yoga, bio-individual nutrition/cooking methods, meditation and herbal regimens are designed according to each individual's prakruti (constitution) and vikriti (current imbalance).
Ayurveda places great
importance on the
maintenance of health through
dietary and lifestyle practices.
Homeopathy
The Law of Similars-a natural substance that produces a given symptom in a healthy person will cure it in a sick person.
The Law of Infinitesimals-the smallest dose possible will have the desired effect.
Shamanism Illness originate in
the spirit world. Shaman has
access which is done on behalf of the community, and return to “ordinary reality” with information on the proper treatment.
2. MIND AND BODY INTERVENTIONS
Uses variety of techniques designed to enhance the mind’s capacity to affect bodily functions and symptoms .They include:
Meditation Prayer Mental healing Therapies that use creative outlets such as art,
music or dance
Meditation:
reduces stress,
lowers blood pressure
alleviating the symptoms of
epilepsy.
Transcendental
Meditation
It is a simple, natural,
effortless procedure
practiced 20 minutes
twice each day while
sitting comfortably
with the eyes closed
Religion based healing practices, such as use of prayer and the laying of
hands in Christian faith healing, rely on belief in divine intervention for
healing.
These creative arts
therapies contribute to all
areas of health care and
are present in treatments
for most psychologic and
physiologic illnesses
.
The arts therapies
contribute to humanization
and comfort by:
relieving stress, anxiety,
easens pain of patients and
caregivers
3. BIOLOGICALLY BASED THERAPIES They use substances found in nature such as
herbs foods and vitamins Some examples; Dietary supplements Herbal products Other natural but scientifically unproven
therapies like using shark cartilage to treat cancer
Hypertension - Maybe fried, roasted, soaked in vinegar for 30 minutes, or blanched in boiled water for 15 minutes. Take 2 pieces 3 times a day after meals.
Toothache - Pound a small piece and apply to affected area
Bawang/Garlic
Ampalaya
Diabetes Mellitus
(Mild non-insulin
dependent)
Chopped leaves then boil in a glass of water for 15 minutes. Do not cover. Cool and strain. Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day after meals
Akapulko
( Cassia, alata L.)
Anti-fungal (tinea flava, ringworm, athlete’s foot and scabies) Fresh, matured leaves are pounded. Apply soap to the affected area 1-2 times a day
Bayabas/Guava
( Psidium guajava L.)
For washing wounds - Maybe use twice a day Diarrhoea - May be taken 3-4 times a day As gargle and for toothache - Warm decoction is used for gargle. Freshly pounded leaves are used for toothache. Boil chopped leaves for 15 minutes at low fire. Do not cover and then let it cool and strain
Bark of the cinchona tree used in malaria treatment
Artemisinin (Wormwood) for
Malaria to Cancer treatment.
4.MANIPULATIVE AND BODY BASED THERAPIES They are based on manipulation or movement
of one or more parts of the body e.g Chiropractic/osteopathic manipulation Massage therapies Others include craniosacral therapy,
reflexology,
In Chinese acupuncture it is believed that insertion of
needles affects the flow of energy influencing disease
Factors that contribute to consumer’s desire for CAM
Dissatisfaction with the conventional health care system The rapid pace and ease of information sharing
Growing evidence of effectiveness
Cont’d
Easy to understand and familiarize with
Non invasive with few side effects
Cheap ( ballooning medical expenses)
… A national policy, laws and
regulations on TM/CAM are being developed No national office or expert
committee has been established Kenya Medical Research
Institute(1984)
…
Herbal medicines are not regulated in Kenya There is no registration system for
herbal medicines Herbal drugs are not included on
the essential drug list. Herbal medicines in Kenya are
sold without restriction.
Conclusion
There is increased popularity and usage of traditional medicine all over the world
Encompassing this form of medicine in health care provide the patients with a wide variety of options to choose from.
CAM is cheap, locally available everywhere and can help a country save billions of shillings used to purchase the conventional medicine
There is need for every country to come up with national bodies that regulates the practice of CAM