Computing and Networking Challenges in the Transportation CPS
Rudra DuttaDepartment of Computer Science, NCSUNSF DriveSense Workshop, October 2014, Norfolk, VA
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Personal Perspective• Analytics, coupled by sensing/actuating to
transportation infrastructure can enable a variety of innovative applications– Analytics computing– Sensing/Actuation computing, communications
• Computing, networking, and transportation together form a cyber-physical system– Requires an ecosystem of capabilities, which produce
research and development challenges• What are the problem areas, and important
problems?
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Ecosystem
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Example Application• Congestion information fed over ad-hoc network to drivers –
model resulting mobility• Patwa and Dutta, ICCCN 2007
Information plane
Physical plane
Sensecongestion
(low speed)
Provide notificationto driver
disseminate
Modify behavior
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Issue: Coupled Network and Congestion• Requires joint modeling• Microscopic simulation• Macroscopic modeling using Klar et al’s dense gas mesoscopic
model• Reasonable agreement
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Surprising Coupling at Intermediate Regime• The very success of the network causes it to disconnect
– As drivers exit in advance of congestion– Reconnects as subsequent drivers join congestion– Sets up oscillatory behavior
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Surprising Coupling at Intermediate Regime
Cavities
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Surprising Coupling at Intermediate Regime
(a) CWMsg Lifetime = 1 (b) CWMsg Lifetime = 50
Width of Cavity
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Research Problem Areas• Sensing
– Observation of driving behavior– Onboard multi-sensor (similar to i2D) – design– External visual – other vehicles, poles, drones?– Observation of driver: biometrics
• Actuation– Onboard: driver notifications, safety overrides– Traffic lights, lane reversals, police dispatch
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Research Problem Areas• Communication
– Opportunistic, multimode– Privacy preserving
• Analytics– Local pre-processing of sensor data, local realtime
decisions– Fusion of big data – usual V3 challenge– Sharing sensed data in cloud with anonymity,
privacy
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CentMesh Facility at NCSU
• CentMesh : a project to build a versatile, open source shared resource on campus
• Provide an active testbed to support research and instruction on wireless networks
• Part of NCSU’s “Living Laboratory” vision• An extensible, programmable, open, real outdoor
wireless network• A teaching and research resource at NCSU
Centennial• centmesh.csc.ncsu.edu
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CentMesh Nodes
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Who Built CentMesh ?
• Homemade !– Built by NCSU student researchers– CoTS hardware, open-source and NCSU-developed
software– Guided by NCSU faculty– Funded by Army Research Office and NCSU– Operationalized by Institute of Technology of Next
Generation (ITng), NCSU
Firefighting Drones Challenge
Control Module - Input from joystick - Input from sensors - Plan motion - Command airframe
Operator Control & Feedback - Make operator joystick commands available to Control - Make IR/camera video available to operatorSensor Package
- 360 obstruction detection - Make fused sensor data available to Control
Airframe - VTOL, hover capability - Light, small - Payload capacity - Accept motion directives from Control
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