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Consistent MSU Radiance Dataset for Reanalysis Consistent MSU Radiance Dataset for Reanalysis
Cheng-Zhi ZouCheng-Zhi Zou
CFSRR First Advisory Board Meeting, NOAA Science Center, November 7, 2007
NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and research
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NOAA MSU SatellitesNOAA MSU Satellites
4 channels to measure the atmospheric temperature profiles
No cloud contamination
Each satellite has a life cycle of a few years
Each satellite overlaps With other satellites—good for bias
correction
LECT gradually changes With time– orbital drift phenomenon
Satellite Local Equator Crossing Time (LECT) vs time
MSU Scan Pattern and footprint sizes
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Time series based on Time series based on pre-launch calibrated radiance datapre-launch calibrated radiance data
Different bias correction yield different trend results (Christy and Spenser, Mears and Wentz, Vinnikov and Grody, Zou et al.) Reanalysis has its own bias correction procedure, how to ensure the reanalysis trend to represent the real atmospheric trend?
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Simultaneous Nadir OverpassSimultaneous Nadir Overpass
Method to find SNO matchups:
Use Cao’s (2004) method
to find the orbits that
have intersections
Use time and location
information in the 1B
file to determine
simultaneity between
two pixels
Schematic viewing the overpasses between two NOAA satellites
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SNO LocationsSNO Locations
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MSU In-Orbit Calibration ProcessMSU In-Orbit Calibration Process
Earth
Cold Space T=2.73K
MSU Sensor
Warm TargetTemperature is measured by PRT
Conceptual diagram of MSU observational procedure
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Level 0 Calibration
Digital Counts (C)
Rad
ian
ce
(R)
(Cc , 2.73K)
(Cw, Rw)
(Ce, RL)
(Ce, Re)
Onboard Warm Target
Cosmic Cold Target
Earth View
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k j
jjkkL ZZRRR
Radiance Error Model for SNO Matchup K and J :
kkkkLk ZRRR ,
jjjjLj ZRRR ,
SNO Radiance Error Model
Consider colinearity between Zk and Zj choose the coefficients that completely remove the warm target temperature contamination
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Tb comparison for SNO matchupsTb comparison for SNO matchups
After pre-launch calibration After SNO calibration
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Comparison Between Pre-launch Comparison Between Pre-launch and SNO calibrationand SNO calibration
Inter-satellite differences after SNO calibration
std=0.04K
Time series differences for pre-launch calibration Std=0.1K
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Anomaly time seriesAnomaly time series
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Independent validation dataset for reanalysis Independent validation dataset for reanalysis
Website address: http://www.orbit.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/emb/mscat/mscatmain.htm
Datasets available: Level 2 radiance:
pre-launch (operationally) calibrated SNO calibrated Level 3 SNO calibrated gridded products: 2.502.50
pentad T2, T3, and T4, 1987-present pentad anomaly T2, T3, and T4, 1987-present monthly T2, T3, and T4, 1987-present monthly anomaly T2, T3, and T4,1987-present
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Trend patternsTrend patterns
T23, Mid-tropospheric temperature trend, 1987-2006
T3 trend
T4, Lower Stratospheric temperature trend1987-2006
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Remaining issuesRemaining issues
• Efforts needed to resolve short overlap problem between NOAA 10 and 9 for accurate bias removal
• more calibration coefficients (higher order calibration equation) maybe needed to solve Channel 3 for NOAA 11 and 12
• Different frequencies between MSU and AMSU