2020
GLOBAL REPORT ON TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
COUNTRY PROFILE East Asia and the Pacific
2
Table of Contents – Australia – ................................................................................................................................................... 3
− Brunei Darussalam − .................................................................................................................................. 5
– Cambodia – ................................................................................................................................................. 6
– China – ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
– Indonesia – ............................................................................................................................................... 12
− Japan − ...................................................................................................................................................... 15
– Malaysia – ................................................................................................................................................. 18
– Mongolia – ................................................................................................................................................ 22
− Myanmar − ............................................................................................................................................... 25
– New Zealand – .......................................................................................................................................... 30
− The Republic of Korea − ........................................................................................................................... 32
– Singapore – ............................................................................................................................................... 34
− Thailand − ................................................................................................................................................. 36
– The Pacific Islands – .................................................................................................................................. 41
– The Philippines – ...................................................................................................................................... 44
− Timor-Leste − ............................................................................................................................................ 48
3
– Australia – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Australia covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects Between 2017 and 2019, the Australian Government received and investigated 558 allegations of trafficking in persons crimes. In the same period, prosecution against 17 individuals were initiated and eight individuals were convicted. Of those convicted, six people were convicted of trafficking for sexual exploitation (2 convictions) and for the purpose of domestic servitude (4 convictions), while two convictions were of trafficking-related crimes.
Source: Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions and Australian Federal Police. Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected by sex and age, 2014 – 2018*
Source: Australian Red Cross.
* Due to privacy reasons, figures under five have been omitted. Figures include suspected victims.
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Men 5 8 0 0 17
Women 26 17 25 25 42
Minors 3 10 10 9 16
4
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by type of exploitation, 2017 – 2018 *
Source: Australian Red Cross.
* Due to privacy reasons, figures under five have been omitted. Figures include suspected victims.
Most reported countries of nationalities of identified victims of trafficking in persons, 2014 – 2019
Source: Australian Red Cross
* Due to privacy reasons, figures under five have been omitted. Nationalities of less than 5 have been pooled in the ‘Other’ category. Figures include suspected victims.
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Trafficking out of Australia 0 0 5 6 7
Forced marriage 0 14 14 15 33
Labour exploitation 15 17 14 13 29
Sexual exploitation 16 0 0 0 6
60
32
23 23
1715 15
11 119 8 7 7 7 6 6
5
− Brunei Darussalam − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Brunei Darussalam was adopted in 2004 and covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. However, Brunei Darussalam is not a party to the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects According to the national authorities of Brunei Darussalam, one case of trafficking in persons was reported in 2016. Between 2017 and 2019, no cases of trafficking in persons were registered. In the period between 2016 and 2019, one person was brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because he has been suspected of, arrested for or cautioned for trafficking in persons in 2017. In 2016, the national authorities commenced prosecution against two male and one female defendants. In the same year, three persons were convicted of trafficking in persons for the purpose of sexual exploitation, of which two were males and one was female. All the persons convicted of trafficking were from Thailand. Between 2017 and 2019, no prosecutions and convictions were reported.
Source: Human Trafficking Investigation Unit, Criminal Investigation Department and Royal Brunei Police Force. Victims The investigation authorities reported that between 2016 and 2019, one girl was identified as victim of child trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation in 2016. Additionally, in 2017, one adult victim was identified as victim of domestic trafficking. Those identified as victims of trafficking in persons in 2016 and 2017, were respectively citizens of Thailand and Brunei Darussalam.
Source: Human Trafficking Investigation Unit, Criminal Investigation Department and Royal Brunei Police Force.
6
– Cambodia – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Cambodia covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Trafficking in persons is defined and prosecuted in the Cambodian' law on Suppression of Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation, introduced in 2008.
Investigations and suspects The National Committee for Counter Trafficking (NCCT), reported that the Phnom Penh Municipal Court convicted 125 persons for trafficking in persons in 2018 and 129 persons in 2017. Victims
Number of victims properly identified, referred and provided with assistance, 2014 – 2017
Source: National Plan of Action 2014 – 2018, National Committee for Counter Trafficking in Persons,
Mid Term Review Report.
412
295 298
2014 2015 2016
7
– China – The People’s Republic of China criminalizes trafficking in persons under Articles 240 (abducting and trafficking of women or children), 241 (purchase of women and children), 242(2) (obstruction of rescuing victims), 262 (abduction of children under 14), 358 (forced prostitution), and 359 (harbouring prostitution or seducing others into prostitution) of the Criminal Law. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases closed and sentences enforced, 2017 – 2018 (Tot=2.321)
Source: The Government of the People ‘s Republic of China.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, 2017 – 2018 (Tot=4.248)
Source: The Government of the People ‘s Republic of China. Taiwan Province of China
Trafficking in women and children, 1310,
56%
Purchase of trafficked women and children,
195, 8%
Forced prostitution, 739, 32%
Forced labour, 65, 3%Organized sale of
human organs, 12, 1%
Trafficking in women and
children 2362, 55%
Purchase of trafficked women
and children, 1260, 30%
Forced prostitution, 514,
12%
Forced labour, 86, 2%
Organized sale of human organs, 26,
1%
8
Judicial police agencies uncovered 145 cases of trafficking in persons in 2017. Among them, 108 were cases of sexual exploitation and 37 of labour exploitation. In 87 convicted TiP cases, 248 individuals were prosecuted. In 2017, 208 newly identified foreign victims were placed in shelters, among them 45 were returned to their home countries, and 155 received work permits. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2008 – 2017
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2008 – 2017
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Sexual exploitation 59 42 26 53 62 82 87 97 94 108
Forced labour 40 46 77 73 86 84 51 44 40 37
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Sexual exploitation 452 233 346 259 408 103 153 127 132 182
Forced labour 106 102 110 179 57 246 52 25 45 66
9
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, 2008 – 2017
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by sex, 2009 – 2017
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
287
376
300
174
300270
175 163 162
62
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Females 258 258 229 396 319 240 122 87 146
Males 71 66 90 66 47 52 64 69 62
10
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2009 – 2017
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
Number of detected female victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2009 – 2017
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Forced labour 244 279 263 310 245 206 122 116 135
Sexual exploitation 85 45 56 152 121 86 64 40 61
Mixed sexual and labourexploitation
12
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Forced labour 173 218 173 244 198 154 58 52 82
Sexual explotation 85 40 56 152 121 86 64 35 52
Mixed sexual and labourexploitation
12
11
Number of detected male victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2009 – 2017
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by country and territories of origin, 2016 – 2017 (Tot = 365)
Source: Published information on Taiwan Province of China.
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Forced labour 71 61 90 66 57 52 64 64 53
Sexual explotation 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 9
Thailand, 55, 30%
The Philippines, 64, 36%
Vietnam, 50, 28%
Others, 11, 6%
12
– Indonesia – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Indonesia, Law No. 21 on Combating the Crime of Trafficking in Persons of 2007, covers all forms of exploitation indicated in the UN Trafficking Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons recorded, 2016 – July 2019
Source: Indonesia National Police.
Number of cases of trafficking in persons reported, by type of exploitation, 2016-2019
Source: Indonesia National Police and Ministry of Women Empowerment and Child Protection.
110
123
95
42
2016 2017 2018 Jan-July 2019
2016 2017 2018 Jan-July 2019
Illegal adoption 2 1 2 0
Removal of organs 1 0 0 0
Forced labour 47 44 55 36
Sexual exploitation 60 78 38 6
13
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because they have been suspected of, arrested for or cautioned for trafficking in
persons, 2016 – July 2019
Source: Indonesia National Police and Ministry of Women Empowerment and Child Protection.
The Attorney General’s Office reported that 21 persons were prosecuted for trafficking in persons in 2016 and 25 in 2017.
Source: The Attorney General’s Office.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons by sex, 2016 – 2017
Source: The Attorney General’s Office and The Supreme Court.
Between 2016 and 2019, The Supreme Court reported that the majority of those convicted of trafficking in persons were of Indonesian nationality (581). The remaining persons convicted of trafficking were citizens of Malaysia (2), China (2) and Ethiopia (2).
Source: The Supreme Court of Indonesia.
165 164
130
12
2016 2017 2018 Jan-July 2019
2016 2017
Females 78 125
Males 178 205
14
Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by sex and age, 2016 – July 2019
Source: Indonesia National Police and Ministry of Women Empowerment and Child Protection.
Number of Indonesian victims of trafficking in persons repatriated from other countries, 2016 – July 2019
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
In 2018, The Ministry of Internal Affairs reported that Indonesian victims of trafficking were repatriated from the Middle East (74), South East Asia (47), Africa (39) and North and Central America (1). As of July 2019, identified Indonesian victims were repatriated from Saudi Arabia (17), Malaysia (4), Oman (2), and Singapore (1).
Source: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
2016 2017 2018 Jan- July 2019
Girls 67 89 18 11
Boys 0 1 10 0
Women 184 1350 190 45
Men 81 11 79 3
619
366
162
24
2016 2017 2018 Jan-July 2019
15
− Japan − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Japan covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects In 2014, 32 cases of trafficking in persons were recorded by national authorities. In 2015 and 2016, 44 cases were recorded each year.
Source: National Police Agency.
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because they have been identified as an offender and treated as a suspect,
by sex, 2014 – 2016
Source: National Police Agency.
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by sex**, 2014 – 2016
Source: Ministry of Justice.
**This data includes persons who were prosecuted under the Penal Code and under other laws such as the Prostitution
Prevention Law and Employment Security Act.
2014 2015 2016
Females 14 14 9
Males 19 28 37
2014 2015 2016
Females 10 7 9
Males 17 19 34
16
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by sex, 2014 – 2016
Source: Ministry of Justice.
The majority of persons convicted of trafficking in persons were nationals of Japan. Others convicted were from Thailand, the Philippines, China, and Brazil.
Source: Ministry of Justice. Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by age and sex,2017-2018
Source: National Authorities of Japan.
2014 2015 2016
Females 9 6 7
Males 17 19 28
2017 2018
Boys 1 1
Girls 6 4
Men 0 0
Women 39 22
17
Number of victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2017-2018
Source: National Authorities of Japan.
Countries of citizenship of identified victims of trafficking in persons, 2014-2017 (Tot=129)
Source: National Police Agency, Ministry of Justice.
2017 2018
Others 12 4
Forced labour, slavery and servitude 3 2
Sexual exploitation 31 21
Japan domestic trafficking, 50
Philippines, 48
Thailand, 20
Cambodia, 7
Other, 4
18
– Malaysia – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Malaysia covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons and related offences recorded, 2016 – 2018
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
Number of persons prosecuted of trafficking in persons and related offences, by sex and age, 2016 – 2018
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
425
340
59
2016 2017 2018
2016 2017 2018
Females 32 37 25
Males 111 75 32
19
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons and related offences, 2015-2018
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons and related offences, by form of exploitation, 2017 – 2018
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
2015 2016 2017 2018
Females 0 10 13 17
Males 6 24 29 30
2017 2018
Illegal activity 1
Forced labour 5 9
Sexual exploitation 17 12
20
Countries of citizenships of persons convicted of trafficking in persons and related offences, 2017 – 2018 (Tot= 89)
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons and related offences detected, by age and sex, 2014 – 2018
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
Malaysia, 69, 78%
India, 8, 9%
Others, 12, 13%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Boys 0 4 4 19 11
Girls 19 19 20 56 7
Men 8 1 83 204 29
Women 276 281 569 840 67
21
Number of victims of trafficking in persons and related offences detected, by form of exploitation, sex and age, 2017 – 2018
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
Countries of citizenships of identified victims of trafficking in persons and related offences, 2017 – 2018
Tot= 1233
Source: National Strategic Office, Council for Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-smuggling of Migrants.
Sexual exploitation Forced Labour Sexual exploitation Forced labour
2017 2018
Minors 23 52 5 13
Adults 695 349 40 56
Vietnam, 320, 26%
Indonesia, 233, 19%
Thailand, 151, 12%
China, 113, 9%
Myanmar, 105, 8%
Philippines, 88, 7%
Malaysia, 54, 4%
India, 50, 4%
Cambodia, 45, 4%
Bangladesh , 22, 2%
Unknown, 19, 2%Others , 33, 3%
22
– Mongolia – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Mongolia covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons recorded, 2014 – 2018
Source: The National Police Agency of Mongolia.
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because they have been suspected of, arrested for or cautioned for trafficking in
persons, 2014 – 2018
Source: The National Police Agency of Mongolia.
9
14
27
10 11
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Females 10 17 26 36 6
Males 10 6 5 8 26
23
Number of persons prosecuted of trafficking in persons, by sex, 2017-2018
Source: The National Police Agency of Mongolia.
According to the National Police Agency of Mongolia, three persons were convicted of trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation in 2017, of which two were females and one was male. In 2018 one man was convicted of the same offence. Those convicted of trafficking in persons were all citizens of Mongolia. Victims
Number of victims of trafficking detected, by age and sex, 2014 – 2018
Source: The National Police Agency of Mongolia.
2017 2018
Females 24 3
Males 2 13
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Boys 0 0 0 0 0
Girls 5 5 6 8 16
Men 0 0 0 0 0
Women 24 20 54 38 10
24
Number of victims of sexual exploitation detected, 2014 – 2018*
Source: The National Police Agency of Mongolia.
*The National Police Agency of Mongolia reported that the victims identified between 2014 and 2018, were all trafficked
for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
Number of Mongolian citizens identified as victims of trafficking in persons, by type of
trafficking, 2014 – 2018
Source: The National Police Agency of Mongolia.
Countries from which identified victims were repatriated, 2017 – 2018 (Tot= 30)
Source: The National Police Agency of Mongolia.
2925
60
46
2014 2015 2016 2017
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Citizens of Mongoliadomestically trafficked
14 7 43 30 10
Citizens of Mongolia repatriatedfrom other countries
15 18 17 16 16
China, 21, 70%
Others, 9, 30%
25
− Myanmar − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Myanmar covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases in trafficking in persons recorded, 2017– 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because they have been suspected of, arrested for or cautioned for trafficking in
persons, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
The Anti Trafficking in Persons Division reported that in 2017 and 2018, 718 offenders were arrested for trafficking in persons.
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
225206
2017 2018
2017 2018
Females 440 411
Males 226 191
26
Number of persons prosecuted of trafficking in persons, by sex, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
The Anti Trafficking in Persons Division reported that between 2017 and 2018, concurrently with the crime of trafficking in persons, a conviction for money laundering was sought.
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
2017 2018
Women 426 358
Men 220 157
2017 2018
Females 311 180
Males 147 75
27
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
Citizenships of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
2017 2018
Illegal adoption 4 1
Child soldier 4 0
Forced labour 49 11
Sexual exploitation 401 243
Myanmar, 706, 99%
China , 7, 1%
28
Victims
Number of victims of trafficking detected, by age and sex, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
Number of victims of trafficking detected, by form of exploitation, 2017
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
During the reporting period, all victims of trafficking in persons identified by the state authorities were citizens of Myanmar.
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
2017 2018
Boys 12 4
Girls 33 36
Men 56 34
Women 252 243
265
75
10 3
Sexual exploitation Forced Labour Child soldier Illegal Adoption
29
Number of Myanmar nationals identified as victims of trafficking in persons, by type of trafficking, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
Countries from where identified Myanmar victims were repatriated, 2017 – 2018
Source: Anti Trafficking in Persons Division.
2017 2018
Myanmar nationals domesticallytrafficked
83 53
Myanmar nationals repatriatedfrom other countries
270 264
8353
270 264
China, 513, 96%
Thailand, 20, 4% Others, 1, 0%
30
– New Zealand – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in New Zealand, section 98D of the Crimes Act 1961, covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of charges of trafficking in persons reported, 2016– 2019
Source: Immigration New Zealand – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Between 2016 and 2019, four persons (three males and one female) were arrested and prosecuted for trafficking in persons. As shown in the graph above, a total of 30 charges for trafficking in persons were laid against these four individuals. In 2016, a New Zealand resident and Fijian citizen was convicted of 15 counts of trafficking in persons for the purpose of forced labour, in concurrence with other charges. In 2017, a New Zealand citizen couple were each charged with two counts of trafficking in persons for the purpose of forced labour (four total charges). In 2019, they were acquitted of the trafficking charges but convicted of 18 exploitation charges in total, in concurrence with other immigration-related offences. In 2018, a New Zealand permanent resident and Samoan citizen was charged with 8 counts of trafficking in persons for the purpose of forced labour, along with 10 slavery charges. An additional three trafficking in persons charges and three slavery charges were laid in 2019. In 2020, he was convicted of 10 counts of trafficking in persons (acquitted of one charge) and of 13 counts of slavery.
Source: Immigration New Zealand – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
15
4
8
3
2016 2017 2018 2019
31
Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons, by sex and age, 2016 – 2019
Source: Immigration New Zealand – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Between 2016 and 2019, there were 33 victims of trafficking in persons identified by government authorities. Among them, 31 were trafficked for the purpose of forced labour, and two of the victims identified were trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
Source: Immigration New Zealand – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Countries of citizenship of identified victims of trafficking in persons, 2016 – 2019
Source: Immigration New Zealand – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
2016 2017 2018 2019
Minors 0 0 2 1
Women 3 0 0 0
Men 13 2 10 2
Fiji Islands, 16, 49%
Samoa, 13, 39%
Others, 4,12%
32
− The Republic of Korea − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in the Republic of Korea covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons and related crimes recorded, 2014 – July 2017
Source: Prosecution’s Statistics System.
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice
system because they have been suspected of trafficking in persons and related crimes, by sex, 2014 – July 2017
Source: Prosecution’s Statistics System.
490463
562
264
2014 2015 2016 Jan-Jul 2017
2014 2015 2016 Jan-Jul 2017
Females 166 172 172 60
Males 518 508 572 292
33
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons and related crimes, by sex, 2014 – July 2017
Source: Prosecution’s Statistics System.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons and related crimes, by sex, 2014 – July 2017
Source: Prosecution’s Statistics System.
2014 2015 2016 Jan-Jul 2017
Females 57 70 55 22
Males 263 277 287 112
2014 2015 2016 Jan-Jul 2017
Females 17 24 25 21
Males 86 86 102 82
34
– Singapore – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Singapore, the Prevention of Human Trafficking Act of 2015, covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons recorded, 2015 – 2018
Source: Ministry of Manpower, Singapore Police Force.
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because they were suspected of, arrested for or cautioned for trafficking in persons,
by sex, 2015 – 2018
Source: Ministry of Manpower, Singapore Police Force.
The Ministry of Manpower and the Singapore Police Force reported that, between 2015 and 2018, 11 males and 2 females were prosecuted of trafficking in persons.
Source: Ministry of Manpower and Singapore Police Force.
23 23
23
2015 2016 2017 2018
2015 2016 2017 2018
Females 1 1 3 2
Males 5 3 9 4
35
Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by age and sex, 2015 – 2018
Source: Ministry of Manpower, Singapore Police Force.
Number of victims of trafficking detected, by form of exploitation, 2015 - 2018
Source: Ministry of Manpower, Singapore Police Force.
Of those identified as victims of trafficking in persons in 2018, one victim was domestically trafficked.
Source: Ministry of Manpower, Singapore Police Force.
2015 2016 2017 2018
Boys 1 0 0 1
Girls 4 0 0 0
Men 0 0 0 0
Women 7 17 0 1
2015 2016 2017 2018
Involuntary servitude 7 16 0 0
Sexual exploitation 15 1 0 2
36
− Thailand − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Thailand covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons recorded, 2014 – 2018
Source: Royal Thai Police and The Office of the Attorney General.
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because they have been suspected of, arrested for or cautioned for trafficking in
persons, by sex, 2017 – 2018
Source: The Office of Attorney General.
280
317
333
296
310
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
2017 2018
Females 289 335
Males 173 272
37
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by sex, 2014 – 2018
Source: Royal Thai Police and the Office of Attorney General.
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by sex, 2017 – 2018
Source: The Office of Attorney General.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by sex, 2014 – 2018
Source: Royal Thai Police and the Office of Attorney General.
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Females 225 318 335 268 280
Males 217 273 265 165 236
2017 2018
Women 268 280
Men 165 236
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Males 86 117 223 187 61
Females 145 234 258 180 87
38
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2017 – 2018
Source: The Office of the Attorney General.
Citizenships of persons suspected of trafficking in persons, 2017 - 2018
Source: The Office of the Attorney General.
2017 2018
Internet porn 2 3
Forced begging 12 0
Sexual exploitation in other forms 7 9
Slavery 48 3
Extortion 61 2
Forced labour 78 16
Prostitution 217 119
Sexual exploitation 452 152
Thailand, 447, 87%
Myanmar, 18, 3%
Laos, 8, 2%
Cambodia, 15, 3%
Vietnam, 9, 2%
Other, 18, 3%
39
Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by age and sex, 2014 – 2018
Source: Division of Anti-Trafficking in Persons – Ministry of Social Development and Human Security and the Office of
the Attorney General.
Number of victims of trafficking detected, by form of exploitation, 2017 – 2018
Source: The Office of the Attorney General.
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Boys 48 90 41 49 130
Girls 90 146 241 316 258
Men 140 201 249 43 154
Women 25 34 30 63 100
2017 2018
Slavery 0 24
Internet porn 11 15
Sexual exploitation in other forms 20 18
Forced begging 53 8
Extortion 0 91
Forced Labour 85 174
Prostitution 319 368
Sexual exploitation 488 698
40
Citizenships of persons identified as victims of trafficking in persons by state authorities, 2017 – 2018 (Tot=1107)
Source: The Office of the Attorney General.
Thailand, 681, 61%Myanmar, 263, 24%
Laos, 41, 4%
Cambodia, 59, 5%
Vietnam, 11, 1%Other, 52, 5%
41
– The Pacific Islands – This section covers the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, and Solomon Islands. The current legislations in the Cook Islands, Section 109 of the Crimes Amendment Act 2003-2007, and in Palau, the Anti-Smuggling and Trafficking Act of 2005, cover all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Despite lacking a dedicated legislation on human trafficking, the Republic of Nauru criminalizes slavery, slave trade and sexual exploitation of children under the Crimes Act 2016. In Solomon Islands, Article No.143 and No. 145 of the penal code and some provisions in the Immigration Act criminalize and prosecute trafficking in persons and child trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation. Investigations and suspects The national authorities of the Cook Islands, Nauru and Palau reported no investigations, prosecutions or convictions for trafficking in persons occurring between 2016 and 2019.
Source: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration of Cook Islands, The Judiciary Department of Nauru and The Judiciary Department of Palau.
Number of cases of trafficking in persons reported in the Solomon Islands, 2016 – 2019
Source: Solomon Islands Immigration Division.
5
10
15
7
2016 2017 2018 2019
42
Number of persons prosecuted and convicted in the Solomon Islands, 2016 – 2019
Source: Solomon Islands Immigration Division.
In the period between 2016 and 2019, all the persons convicted of trafficking in persons in Solomon Islands were males and were convicted of trafficking in persons for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
Source: Solomon Islands Immigration Division.
Countries of citizenships of persons convicted of trafficking in persons in the Solomon Islands, 2016 – 2019
Source: Solomon Islands Immigration Division.
3
6
4
2
3
4
3
2
2016 2017 2018 2019
ProsecutedConvicted
Malaysia, 8, 54%Indonesia, 5, 33%
Others, 2, 13%
43
Victims The national authorities of the Cook Islands, Nauru and Palau registered no victims of trafficking in persons in the period between 2016 and 2019.
Source: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration of Cook Islands, The Judiciary Department of Nauru and The Judiciary Department of Palau.
Number of victims of trafficking in persons in the Solomon Islands, 2016 – 2019*
Source: Solomon Islands Immigration Division.
*The Solomon Islands Immigration Division reported that all the victims identified between 2016 and 2019 were children
(girls) trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation. In the period between 2016 and 2019, the Solomon Islands Immigration Division reported that all the victims identified were citizens of Solomon Islands.
Source: Solomon Islands Immigration Division.
5
10
15
6
2016 2017 2018 2019
44
– The Philippines – The current legislation on trafficking in persons in the Philippines, the Republic Act No. 9208 of 2003, covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Investigations and suspects
Number of cases of trafficking in persons reported, 2016 – 2018
Source: Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking.
Number of persons brought into formal contact with the police and/or criminal justice system because they have been suspected of, arrested for or cautioned for trafficking in
persons, 2016 – 2018
Source: The Philippines National Police and National Bureau of Investigations.
216
137
180
2016 2017 2018
533
430
1118
2016 2017 2018
45
Number of persons prosecuted of trafficking in persons, by sex, 2016 – 2018
Source: Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons by sex, 2016 – 2018
Source: Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking.
2016 2017 2018
Females 208 144 173
Males 309 147 174
2016 2017 2018
Females 28 30 52
Males 27 29 43
46
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2016 – 2018
Source: Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking.
Countries of citizenships of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, 2016 – 2018
Source: Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking.
2016 2017 2018
Cyber sex and pornography 4 8 31
Forced labour 0 1 3
Sexual exploitation 51 50 61
Philippines, 195, 93%
United States of America, 5,
3%Others, 9, 4%
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Victims
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by age, 2016 – 2018
Source: Narrative Report Program for Trafficked People and The Department of Social Welfare and Development.
Number of victims of trafficking in persons detected, by form of exploitation, 2016 – 2018
Source: Narrative Report Program for Trafficked People and The Department of Social Welfare and Development.
2016 2017 2018
Minors 258 439 611
Adults 1455 1440 1707
2016 2017 2018
Illegal recruitment 530 342 295
Involuntary servitude 35 0 0
Removal of organs 55 7 1
Forced labour 193 578 507
Pornography 62 175 230
Prostitution 209 197 289
Sexual exploitation 194 238 391
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− Timor-Leste − The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Timor Leste covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol. The Criminal Code cominalises trafficking in persons under Articles 163, 164, and 165. Investigations and suspects In 2015, five cases of trafficking in persons were recorded, and in 2016 and 2017, three cases were recorded each year. In 2015 and 2017, two persons per year were brought into formal contact with the police and/or the criminal justice system for either being suspected, cautioned, or arrested for trafficking in persons. In total, prosecution for trafficking in persons was commenced against two persons in 2015 and one person in 2016. In 2017, two female and one male offenders were prosecuted. Between 2015 and 2017, one person was convicted of trafficking in persons each year.
Source: Police Scientific Criminal Investigation. Victims In the period between 2015 and 2017, around 40 female victims of trafficking in persons were identified by state authorities. Most were identified as victims of trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation. All the victims of trafficking in persons identified in the period between 2015 and 2017 originated from Asia.
Source: Police Scientific Criminal Investigation.