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CARL Testing Outline of Surface Cleaning Investigation
30 Test Panels 5 X 8
30 Steel
Grease & Oil Applied to Each Panel: per standardized method
using Pennzoil 705 white grease and Mystic JT-8 SAE 10W/40
heavy duty motor oil
3 Cleaning Processes Utilized to Clean the Pre-Soiled Panels: Tophalf of panels received light wipe with cotton/pulp fiber towel;
bottom half received cleaning by one of following:
1) Alkaline Wipe (2.3% solution at room temperature)
2) Solvent Wipe (xylene at room temperature)
3) Podell Cleaning System (2000 psi power spray at 160F)
5 Different Paint Types Applied1) Water-Based Epoxy
2) VOC-Based Enamel
3) VOC-Based Epoxy (Two Part Chemistry)
4) VOC-Based Urethane (Two Part Chemistry)
5) Epoxy Powder Coating
Adhesion Test Performed On All Panels per ASTM-3359
Higher grade of adhesion for various coatings would
indicate that a particular cleaning type offers better
cleaning characteristics compared to others
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Steel
Oil & Grease
Contaminate
Water Based Epoxy
Single Component
Solvent Wipe Alkaline Wipe G. Podell Clean
Lightly Dirty
rag wipe
Steel
Oil & Grease
Contaminant
Enamel
Steel
Oil & Grease
Contaminant
Solvent Based
Epoxy Two Component
Steel
Oil & Grease
Contaminant
Urethane
Two Component
Number
Of Samples
6
6
6
6
Podell CPR/CARL Test Sample Preparation
and Sample Description
Steel
Oil & GreaseContaminant
Powder Coating
6
Top Half of Coupon
Bottom Half of Coupon
Lightly Dirty
rag wipe
Lightly Dirty
rag wipe
30
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Contaminated (soiled) metal panels according
to ASTM process (dwell time 24 hrs.)
Cleaned, metal panels racked for drying (dwell
time 24 hrs.) prior to application of paint
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Paint application to each metal panel. The paint was
applied to the lightly cleaned top half and to the more
aggressively cleaned bottom half. Paint applied via
metered draw bar. Set of two panels per each paintsystem, one received 3 wet mils and the other received 6
wet mils.
Staging of painted metal panels (drying dwell
time 7 days) prior to adhesion testing
Draw
Bar
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Array of painted metal panels after
performing the ASTM-3359 adhesion test
Angled cutting edges makes thecross-hatch marks on the painted
paint. A special adhesion testing
tape is used to test paints
adhesion to the panel
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Adhesion Quality Scoring
5 B - Best Quality
2 to 3 B - low Quality
0 to 1 B Very Poor Quality
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PC # T C M T C T D T T V T T V PC # T C M T C T D T T V T T V PC # T C M T C T D T T V T T V
11 GPHPP S SW-VE 5 B 5 B 41 A W R T S SW-VE 0 B 0 B 71 X W S SW-VE 3 B 3 B
12 GPHPP S SW-VE 5 B 5 B 42 A W R T S SW-VE 0 B 0 B 72 X W S SW-VE 3 B 3 B
13 GPHPP S SW-WE 5 B 5 B 43 A W R T S SW-WE 0 B 0 B 73 X W S SW-WE 0 B 0 B
14 GPHPP S SW-WE 5 B 5 B 44 A W R T S SW-WE 0 B 0 B 74 X W S SW-WE 0 B 0 B
15 GPHPP S V-VE 5 B 5 B 45 A W R T S V-VE 0 B 0 B 75 X W S V-VE 5 B 5 B
16 GPHPP S V-VE 5 B 5 B 46 A W R T S V-VE 0 B 0 B 76 X W S V-VE 5 B 5 B
17 GPHPP S U 5 B 5 B 47 A W R T S U 0 B 0 B 77 X W S U 0 B 0 B
18 GPHPP S U 5 B 4 B 48 A W R T S U 0 B 0 B 78 X W S U 0 B 0 B
19 GPHPP S P C 5 B 5 B 49 A W R T S P C 3 B 2 B 79 X W S P C 5 B 5 B
20 GPHPP S P C 5 B 5 B 50 A W R T S P C 5 B 5 B 80 X W S P C 5 B 5 B
21 GPHPP G SW-VE 0 B 1 B 51 A W R T G SW-VE 1 B 1 B 81 X W G SW-VE 4 B 4 B
22 GPHPP G SW-VE 4 B 4 B 52 A W R T G SW-VE 2 B 1 B 82 X W G SW-VE 4 B 4 B
23 GPHPP G SW-WE 5 B 3 B 53 A W R T G SW-WE 0 B 0 B 83 X W G SW-WE 0 B 0 B
24 GPHPP G SW-WE 4 B 3 B 54 A W R T G SW-WE 0 B 0 B 84 X W G SW-WE 1 B 4 B
25 GPHPP G V-VE 5 B 5 B 55 A W R T G V-VE 2 B 0 B 85 X W G V-VE 5 B 5 B
26 GPHPP G V-VE 5 B 5 B 56 A W R T G V-VE 2 B 2 B 86 X W G V-VE 5 B 5 B
27 GPHPP G U 0 B 0 B 57 A W R T G U 0 B 0 B 87 X W G U 0 B 0 B
28 GPHPP G U 0 B 0 B 58 A W R T G U 0 B 0 B 88 X W G U 1 B 2 B
29 GPHPP G P C 5 B 5 B 59 A W R T G P C 5 B 5 B 89 X W G P C 5 B 5 B
30 GPHPP G P C 5 B 5 B 60 A W R T G P C 2 B 4 B 90 X W G P C 5 B 5 B
Rating 1st 2nd Ttl Wtd Sc. Rating 1st 2nd Ttl Wtd Sc. Rating 1st 2nd Ttl Wtd Sc.
5 B 15 13 28 140 5 B 2 2 4 20 5 B 8 8 16 80
4 B 2 2 4 16 4 B 0 2 2 8 4 B 2 3 5 20
3 B 0 2 2 6 3 B 1 1 2 6 3 B 2 2 4 12
2 B 0 0 0 0 2 B 4 0 4 8 2 B 0 1 1 2
1 B 0 1 1 1 1 B 1 2 3 3 1 B 2 0 2 2
0 B 3 2 5 0 0 B 12 13 25 0 0 B 6 6 12 0
Totals 20 20 40 163 Totals 20 20 40 45 Totals 20 20 40 116
T C Type of Cleaning Galvanized Steel is excluded from this summary
M T Metal Type because little adhesion was demonstrated on it.
C T D Coating-Type Designation
T T V Tape Test Value per ASTM-3359 Powder Coat was least effective with RT-Alkaline
GPHPP G. Podell Hi Pressure Phosphate wipe, as was every thing else; Rag-Wipe excepted.
A W R T Alkaline Wipe - Room Temperature
X W Xylene Wipe - Room Temperature Order of cleaner effectiveness:
S Steel GPHPP 163
G GalvanilX W 116
SW-VE Sherwin-Williams VOC Enamel A W R T 45
SW-WE Sherwin-Williams Water/Epoxy
V-VE Valspar VOC/Epoxy
U Urethane
P C Powder Coat
Total Adhesion Values Summed
T. G. Podell CPR System 163Xylene Wipe 116
Alkaline Wipe 45
Test Generated Data
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Executive Summary of Test Results
Steel: Podell CPR cleaning provided very good adhesion
values for all of the coating types.
Alkaline wipe cleaning provided poor adhesion values
for all coating types with the exception of the powder
coating which appeared to adhere well to the steel
substrate.
Xylene wipe cleaning provided good adhesion values
for the VOC epoxy and the Powder Coating types.However, the other coating types did not adhere well
to the xylene wiped steel substrate